THE INTERDEPENDENCE

BETWEEN ORTHOGRAPHY
AND PRONUNCIATION

Masterand
Ana Ilchiu
Ludmila Gostiuk
Coordonator
Larisa Usatâi

Martie, 2023
 What is Pronunciation
• The act of producing the sounds of speech is called pronunciation.
• When you see letters in an English word, they won’t always be
pronounced the same way.
• Take the letter “c” for example. In the word cup it is pronounced as
“k” but it is different to the word “place”. When a “c” is next to “h”
it’s often “ch”
like in “chocolate” but in the word “ache” it is pronounced as “k”
again.
• There are many strategies for making the pronunciation better but
the International Phonetic Alphabet is such a great tool for English
students to practice their pronunciation with.
 International Phonetic Alphabet
• In the IPA every sound has a unique symbol.
• For example the words though, thought, cough all have the same
letters o-u-g-h spellings but they are pronounced differently.
 Phonetic Transcription
• Phonetic transcription (also • Clean
known as phonetic script or Phonetic transcription is
phonetic notation) is the visual
representation of speech sounds /kli:n/
(or phones). The most common It is made up of 4 sounds.
type of phonetic transcription k unvoiced consonant
uses a phonetic alphabet, such l voiced consonant
as the International Phonetic
Alphabet. i: vowel sound
n voiced
consonant
There are 26 letters in English alphabet.
But there are 44 sounds.
 Vowel
s
There are 5 English vowels,
a, e, i, o, u
But there are 12 English vowel
sounds. Some of them are long
some of them are short.
Vowel sounds come smoothly
from the mouth. These are
smooth sounds.
• /ɪ/ pin, English • /ɪː/ sea, bee
• /ʊ/ look, put, could • /uː/ blue, fool
• /e/ bed, head • /ə/ the, a, woman
• /ɜː/ word, heard • /ɔː/ or, board, door
• /æ/ cat, • /ʌ/ cut, come
bag • /ɒ/ clock, what
• /ɑː/ car,
 Diphthongs
There is another group of
vowel sounds called “Diphthongs”.
These are sounds that change from
one vowel sound to another.
• /ɪə/ here, deer • /eə/ care, air
• /ʊə/ poor, • /ɑʊ/ round, doubt
• /əʊ/ insure no, • /eɪ/ take, wait
• /ɑɪ/ road five, • /ɔɪ/ noise, boy
height
 Consonants
The top row are unvoiced consonants which means that sound is made
by air moving from the back of your mouth, through and out your lips.
There is one extra letter that is unvoiced, down the bottom.
Unvoiced sounds use just air. You can’t feel anything in your vocal
cords.
All the rest of the consonant sounds are voiced, which means that the
sound is made with vocal cords.
When you have to produce consonant sounds, first there is a blockage
of air in the mouth and then a release of air.
 • /b/ bad, baby
• /d/ day, bed
• /p/ play, stop • /g/ got, exam
• /f/ food, laugh • /v/ vain, over
• /t/ ten, little • /ð/ they,
• /θ/ method, both • /z/ father,
• /tʃ/ chair, match • /ʒ/ with
• /s/ small, scene • /m/ zoo, goes
• /ʃ/ shell, machine • /n/ measure, vision
• character, quick • /ŋ/ moon, lamp
/k/
• /dʒ/ can, pneumonia
just, age,
• /h/ hot, hair, whole string,small
tongue
• soldier
/l/ look,
• /r/ real, wrong
• /j/ yes, Europe
• /w/ window,
twin
 Activity
Circle the word that is pronounced differently from the other three
words.
1. accident access accommodate accept
2. suit fruit cruise biscuit
3. author caught laughter daughter
 Tips
• Standard dictionaries use the IPA to show how words are pronounced.
• When you are first learning basic phonetic writing, you can practice first
with English spelling, instead of phonetic spelling. The symbols of IPA are
based on more complex symbols that may be difficult for a beginner to
understand.
• Look at the words in a dictionary to get a sense of how to use phonetic
spelling. Copy out the phonetic spelling of your favorite words and note the
phonetic spelling of each word. Practice saying the terms out loud, based
on the phonetic spelling.
• Focus on the sound of the words, rather than the spelling of the words.
You can also use an online translator to translate
words into phonetics.
You can download an app on your Android
and I-phone.
 Tongue
Twisters
• Short phrases or short stories that repeat problem sounds or same
groups of sounds to make it difficult to pronounce when you say it
very quickly.
• Improves your pronunciation.
• Improve your ability to speak more fluently.
 Home
Assignment
TRY TO WRITE YOUR NAME USING THE PHONETIC ALPHABET