( Pancreatic amylase and lipase)

Prepared by : supervised by :
Derin osman M.Ary
Halala rahim
Nida fatah
 Pancreas
is a gland that is partly
exocrine and partly
endocrine. The exocrine part
secretes the digestive
pancreatic juice, and the
endocrine part secretes
hormones, eg. Insulin.it is
lobulated and elongated
organ
 pancreatits
is an inflammation of the
pancreas. When the pancreas
is inflamed, the powerful
digestive enzymes it makes
can damage its tissue. The
inflamed pancreas can cause
release of inflammatory cells
and toxins that may harm
your lungs, kidneys and heart.
Can be acute or chronic
 Amylase
• Is an enzyme that Amylase breaks down
carbohydrates (starch) into sugars which are more
easily absorbed by the body. This enzyme is also
found in saliva.
• the substrate for amylase is( amylose and
amylopectin )which are the components of the starch
mixture.
 Types of amylase
1. Alpa amylese
2. Beta amylase
3. Gamma amylese
 Amylase test
• An amylase test measures the
amount of amylase in your
blood or urine
• A small amount of amylase in
your blood and urine is normal.
But having too much or too
little may be a sign of a disorder
of the pancreas or salivary
glands .
• Normal rane is 40-140 U/L
 symptoms
• nausea and vomiting
• severe abdominal pain
• loss of appetite
• fever
• yellowing of the eyes or skin (jaundice)
• loose, oily, foul-smelling stools (steatorrhea)
A high amylase count can be a sign of the following :

1. Acute or chronic pancreatitis.

2. Cholecystitis
3. Macroamylasemia
4. Peptic ulcers or a perforated ulce
5. Gastroenteritis
6. Tubal, or ectopic pregnancy
A low amylase count can indicate the following
problems:

1. Preeclampsia.
2. Kidney disease. 

• You don’t have to do anything special to get ready for

an amylase test. But tell your doctor if you’re taking
medicine, herbs, or vitamins. Some medicines,
like aspirin, birth control pills, opiates, and diuretics,
can affect the results. Alcohol can, too.
 Lipase
• Lipases are water-soluble enzymes that act by
catalyzing the hydrolysis of lipids. Through hydrolysis,
the lipase can degrade lipids into glycerol and
free fatty acids.the substrate is lipid .
 Types of lipase
• Pharyngeal lipase
• Hepatic lipase,
• Pancreatic lipase
 Lipase test
• A lipase test measures the level of a protein called
lipase in your blood. . Certain levels of lipase are
necessary to maintain normal digestive and cell
function. But unusually high levels of the enzyme in
your blood may suggest a health problem,
particularly in the pancreas.
• Normal range is 0-160 U/L
• It is also considered a more specific test than
amylase although it can also be raised in non-specific
causes such as renal insufficiency, DKA, and other
intra-abdominal pathology. The normal range for
lipase is 
You may need a lipase test if you have symptoms :

1. Pain in your upper belly that may spread to your

back
2. Nausea and vomiting
3. Diarrhea
4. Swollen or tender belly
5. Fever
6. Fast heartbeat
 High level of lipase
• Diseases of the pancreas, including a blocked duct
(tube), or pancreatic cancer
• Chronic kidney disease
• Peptic ulcer
• Gallbladder disease
• Intestinal problems, such as a blocked intestine
• Diabetes
• Salivary (spit) gland disorders, such as infection or
cancer
• Alcohol use disorder
 Low level of lipease
• Diabetes, both type 1 and type 2
• Cystic fibrosis
• Chronic pancreatitis
• Pancreatic cancer
• Low levels of lipase may be a sign of
permanent damage to cells in your pancreas
that make. lipase. This may happen in certain
chronic (long-lasting) diseases, such as cystic
fibrosis and chronic pancreatitis