IMRESSIONS

IN
RPD

Angitha S Jayachandran
18002047
Part 1
CONTENTS

– WHAT IS RPD? (definition)

– INTRODUCTION
– ANATOMICAL IMPRESSION
– FUNCTIONAL IMPRESSION
– PHYSIOLOGIC IMPRESSION
– SELECTIVE PRESSURE IMPRESSION
– REFERENCE
What is RPD ?

Any prosthesis designed to replace teeth in

partially dentate arches . It can be removed
from the mouth and replaced at will.
(GPT 8)
INTRODUCTION

– A tooth supported and tissue supported RPD obtains support from

both the abutment and the residual ridge.
– If the prosthesis is constructed on an anatomical impression, it will
exert excess pressure on the abutments as soft tissue under the
denture base is compressed and moves under occlusal loading.
– Because of which a dual impression technique is used, which
distributes the forces to the abutment teeth and the residual ridge
such that support is provided by both.
– The impression of the teeth should be made with a material that
captures teeth in anatomic form (ANATOMIC IMPRESSION), as
teeth do not change position under function.
– The impression of the soft tissue, on the other hand, is made in
such a manner so as to record the tissues in their functional state
(FUNCTIONAL IMPRESSION).
– Two impressions are taken
– 1) primary impression – alginate and stock tray (if tray extension
required, do it using wax) , then prepare primary cast.
– 2) secondary impression – zinc oxide eugenol and custom
tray(fabricated on primary cast) , alginate and stock tray
ANATOMIC IMPRESSION
( secondary impression)

– INDICATED FOR : tooth supported partial denture and most

classIV. Most maxillary distal extension bases can also be recorded
with this technique.
– PREFERRED TECHNIQUE: a single impression with medium
body/ regular body/ monophase elastomeric impression material
using a custom tray.
– Putty with light bodywash in a stock tray can also be used .
– Irreversible hydrocolloids- alginates, may also be used.
PROCEDURE

– A) FABRICATION OF CUSTOM TRAY

– 1) outline is marked – on the primary cast - should extend upto
vestibule.
– 2)wax spacer adapted (2mm thick) and and atleast 3 stops (one
anteriorly and two posteriorly)
– 3) custom tray fabricated (using acrylic resin)
– B) IMPRESSION MAKING
– 1) Evaluate the custom tray in the mouth and correct the extension.
– 2) Impression material is mixed and loaded onto the tray after
application of tray adhesive . In case of alginate , perforations in
tray provide retention.
– 3) Tray is seated in the mouth and held steady till material sets.
– 4) Impression is removed, washed and checked for any
imperfections.
– 5) A master cast is poured after beading and boxing.
FUNCTIONAL IMPRESSION

– Functional form is the of the residual ridge recorded under some

loading or compression.
– Can be achieved by: occlusal loading, finger loading,specially
designed individual trays.
– Indicated for : distal extension bases(class I and class II), long span
anterior edentulous ridge
CLASSIFICATION

– Functional impression procedures can be classified as follows :

– 1) Physiologic impressions: those impressions which record the
residual ridge under generalised compression.
– i) Pick-up impressions
– a)Mclean’s technique
– b)Hindle’s technique
– ii) Functional Reline impressions
– iii) Ridge correction technique using fluid wax
– 2) Selective pressure impressions : those which selectively compress
the stress-bearing tissues.
1.PHYSIOLOGIC IMPRESSION
i) Pick-Up Impressions
a.Mclean’s technique

– ● custom tray is fabricated only for the distal extension base area with wax
occlusal rim
– Functional impression is made of the residual ridges with zinc oxide eugenol
impression paste or polyvinyl siloxane ,by recording the impression with the
patient biting on the occlusal rim
– After the impression has set ,without removing the same , a second impression
is made over the functional impression and the teeth ,in a stock tray with
alginate. It is called as overimpression or pick up impression as the first
impression made with custom tray is contained in it.
– A master cast is poured after beading and boxing
b.Hindels’ technique

– Hindels and co workers developed this method to overcome the disadvantage of

Mclean’s technique
– The first impression of the edentulous ridge was an anatomic impression made in
a custom tray with tissue stops so that pressure could not be applied to the ridge
– Hindels and coworkers developed stock trays with a large hole on either side
posteriorly so that finger pressure could be directly applied to the first impression
through the holes on the tray, with set anatomic impression in the mouth , the
second overimpression was made in the specially designed stock tray with
alginate, maintaining finger pressure till the material sets
– It was contended that the finished impression is related to the teeth and ridge
as if masticatory forces were taking place on denture base
– Master cast is poured after beading and boxing
ii)Functional reline technique

– This is done after fabrication of metal framework and denture base

– It consist of addition of new layer to the fitting surface of the
denture base.
– Disadvantage:
– Occlusion may be altered by the reline procedure
– A visible new junction maybe created between new acrylic and od
denture base.
iii) Ridge correction using fluid wax

– The impression of the ridge is made is made after the fabrication os the
framework, but before denture base is processed .
– Following fabrication of framework using anatomic impressuio, special tray is
made for the distal extension segment attached to the denture base major
connector.
– Tray extension is checked in the mouth
– Wax container placed in the water bath(51-54 degree C) makes it fluid
– Fluid wax painted on the tissue surface of dry special tray.
– Tray is placed inside the mouth and border moulding is performed.
– wax is allowed to remain in moth for 5 min with mouth half open.
– framework is removed and impression is inspected.
– Corrections made, prosthesis reinsertedand left inside mouth for
1min to ensure that wax has completely flowed.
2) SELECTIVE PRESSURE
IMPRESSIONS
– This technique directs forces to areas of ridge capable of
withstanding stress and protect areas of ridge unable to absorb
stress by relieving them.
Reference

– V RANGARAJAN TEXTBOOK OF PROSTHODONTICS

THANK YOU !