C D Impression (2)

Custom trays ( special tray )

 Custom trays ( special tray )

 Is tray fabricated on the study cast to make the secondary or final

impression of the edentulous arches.
 Material used for custom tray :
 Resin

1. Heat cure acrylic resin

2. Chemical cure acrylic resin
3. Light cure acrylic resin
Ideal requirements of a special tray

1. Should be rigid and adapted to the cast.

2. Tray material should be non-toxic & non-irritant to the tissue.
3. It should be dimensionally stable on cast and mouth.
4. Tray border should be 2–3 mm short of sulcus.
5. Border of the tray should be 2– 4 thick.
6. It should have handle.
Types of special Tray

 Close-fitted Tray

 Tray with spacer and tissue stops

Custom tray with spacer (shim)

 It is made to provide the proper amount of space

 Adapt a layer of base plate wax to the outlined area on the cast.
 The stops will appear corresponding to windows in the wax were
made.
 Spacer designs :
1. Complete coverage
2. Partial coverage
The stoppers will help in

1. Positioning the tray in to the patient mouth.

2. Will support the tray over the ridge, without pressure on the
tissues
3. Uniform thickness of impression material will be formed
during making final impression.
Impression techniques
 CLASSIFICATION

1. Depending on the purpose of the impression

2. Depending on the theories of impression making.
3. Depending on the technique.
Secondary impression

FINAL IMPRESSION:

A final impression is an
impression used for making the
master cast upon which the
denture is fabricated.
 Border molding
Is the process by which the border of the tray is made to conform
accurately to the contours of the labial and buccal vestibules
before making the final imp.
( muscle trimming)
Impression techniques classified depending on:

 Theories & pressure applied during the Impression

1. Mucostatic, (Minimal pressure, anatomic)
2. Mucocompressive (Definitive pressure technique)
3. Selective-pressure technique

 Based on the position of the mouth while making

impression
 1. Open mouth
 2. Close mouth
Mucostatic impression technique :

 Also known as Anatomical or passive

 The surface contour of the ridge is recorded at its resting form (no
occlusal load)
 Material of choice (less viscous impression material) – alginate
 Introduced by harry page in 1938
 The impression is made with the oral mucous membrane
and the jaws in a normal relaxed condition
 Border moulding is not done
Muco-compressive impression

 Impressions are recorded under functional load (pressure).

 i.e. Record tissue in its functional form as the occlusal load applied.
 Advocated by Greene Brothers
 Material of choice is Impression compound
Disadvantages:

1. Due to the resiliently of the soft tissues, they tend to return to their
position once force are relieved so denture tend to get displaced due
to the tissue rebound at rest.

2. Pressure over the tissues lead to blood supply is decreased

leading to ridge Resorption.
Selective Pressure Technique

 Advocated by Boucher in 1950

 Combined the principles of both mucocompressive and mucostatic
theories
 The pressure is applied to the stress bearing areas and the areas that
cannot bear the stress are relieved.
 These areas are relieved in the diagnostic casts while fabricating the
custom tray.
 This technique is used in patients with well-formed healthy ridges.
Depending on the position of the mouth

 Open mouth impression

Record the tissues in an un displaced position

 Closed mouth impression

Records in the functional position
Record blocks (trays with occlusal rims) are used instead of
impression trays
Fabrication of Special Tray
Draw an outline about 2mm short of the periphery
in the labial and buccal vestibular areas on the master cast.
Modelling wax is used 2 mm in
Spacer done according to the
thickness to form the spacer.
relief area
Trim off excess soft wax by pressing it against the
sharp external edge of the land area.

Use a sharp scalpel to trim the wax 2mm

short of the depth of the vestibule.
 Mixing Technique

The resin is mixed according to manufacturer recommendation.

The resin reaches a dough-like consistency
Then adapted to the cast
 Sprinkle on Technique

Polymer is used with a dropper and monomer in a syringe

 Make a tray handle at 45° to the crest of the ridge that is long enough
to accommodate the width of the thumb.
 Make a handle for the lower tray that is longer than the one for the
upper tray.
Finished special tray with handle.
 Place the tray in the mouth & check the extension of the tray

 Should be 2mm short to allow space for the stick compound

View the vibrating line of the PPS on the distal surface of the
palatal side of the tray to determine the posterior limit of the
special tray
Stick green compound is Place the tray in the mouth to mold
used for border moulding the compound. Segment by segment
Moulding the posterior palatal seal area
Border molded special tray Taking the secondary
impression
Inspect the impression for show-through spots which would
require relieving the tray and remaking the impression.
2-Boxing and Pouring a Final Impression
Boxing and Pouring a Final Impression
 A final impression is boxed and poured to contain the stone
and allow it to set with the tissue surface
 This will form a denser, more accurate cast
 This method requires only one pour.
 A master cast should never be poured by the two ‐pour method , it
would be weak and fracture during the packing procedure
The following series of pictures outlines the correct procedures
for boxing and pouring a master cast
 1- A band of sticky wax is placed around the entire periphery of the
impression
 Placed about 4 mm from the edge of the tray
 2- The tray is put in plaster mix with the impression side up . This
will support the impression when it is boxed and poured and prevent
the stone from leaking out.
Form a box of boxing wax around Seal the boxing wax together and to
the impression by base plate wax the plastic sheet with sticky wax
Fill the boxed impression in with
stone. The master cast