Vector and WEEK 5

Scalar Quantities
Agenda

• Differentiate vector and scalar

quantities
• Worded Problems in Cartesian
Coordinate System and Polar
Coordinates

Presentation Title
 Differentiate vector
and scalar quantities
Differentiate vector and scalar quantities

•Vector Quantities are quantities which

require both magnitude and direction
for their complete description

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Differentiate vector and scalar quantities

•Examples of Vector Quantities

• Displacement
• Velocity
• Acceleration
• Force
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Examples of Vector Quantities

•Displacement – is the straight line

distance between starting and end
points
•Velocity – is the rate of change in
displacement
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Examples of Vector Quantities

•Acceleration – is the rate of change in

velocity
•Force – is the product of mass and
acceleration.

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Differentiate vector and scalar quantities

•Scalar Quantities are quantities that

can be expressed completely by a single
number with appropriate units.

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Differentiate vector and scalar quantities

•Examples of Scalar Quantities

• Length
• Speed
• Mass
• Time
• Temperature
• Energy
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Examples of Scalar Quantities
•Length – distance between any two points
•Speed – distance traveled per unit of time
•Mass – amount of matter that a body
contains

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Examples of Scalar Quantities
•Time – interval separating two points on the
continuum in which events occur irreversibly
from the past through the present to the future
•Temperature – hotness or coldness of a body
•Energy – capacity to do work

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Sample Problem 1

•Obtain the distance and the

displacement of a jogger who started at
+4m and ended at -3m

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Activity 1

•-5m to +6m
•-1m to -6m
•+1m to +7m
•+7m to -7m
•3m [N] to 9m[S]
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Cartesian Coordinate System

•Positive x is taken to right of the origin

and positive y is upward from the origin
•Negative x is taken to the left of the origin
and negative y is downward the origin

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Plane Polar Coordinate

•r is the distance from the origin to the

point having Cartesian coordinate (x, y)
• is the angle between r and a fixed axis,
usually measured counterclockwise
from the positive x axis.
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Review

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 Worded Problems in
Cartesian Coordinate
System and Polar
Coordinates
Example 1

The cartesian coordinates of a point are

given by meters. Find the polar
coordinates of this point (a) Using
graphical method (0.5mm:1m) and (b)
the mathematical method.
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Example 2

The polar coordinates of a point are and

. What are the Cartesian coordinates of
this point (a) Using graphical method
(use 0.5mm:1m) and (b) the
mathematical method?
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Example 3

Two points in a plane have a polar

coordinates and Determine (a) the
Cartesian coordinates of these points
and (b) the distance between them.

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Seatwork

1. Draw a Cartesian Coordinate System

with complete label. Explain the
relevance of the following terms:
abscissa, ordinate, applicate, quadrants,
octants, orthant
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Seatwork

2. The Cartesian coordinates of a point

are given by . Find the polar coordinates
of this point using the mathematical
method.

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Seatwork

3. The polar coordinates of a point are

and . What are the Cartesian coordinates
of this points. Use the (a) graphical
method and (b) mathematical method.

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 The way to get started is to
quit talking and begin doing.
Walt Disney

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Summary
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Thank you
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