Congenital Musculoskeletal

Health Problems

Elsevier items and derived items © 2007, 2002 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
 Congenital Musculoskeletal
Health Problems
 Clubfoot
 Developmental dysplasia of the hip
 Amelia ,meromelia

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 Clubfoot(talipes)
 Talipes Latin talus (ankle) + pes (foot)

 Involves bone deformity and malposition in

form of a curled shape or twisted position of
the ankle, heel, and toes with soft tissue
contraction.
 May be unilateral or bilateral
 Affected foot is usually smaller and shorter,
with an empty heel pad and transverse
plantar crease
 Easily recognized at birth

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 Clubfoot

 Congenital malformation of the lower

extremity that affects the lower leg, ankle,
and foot

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 Clinical types
 There are four variations of clubfoot:
(1) talipes varus: the most common form of

clubfoot, the foot generally turns inward so

that the leg and foot look somewhat like the
letter J ).
(2) talipes valgus, the foot rotates outward like
the letter L.
(3) talipes equinus, the foot points downward,
similar to that of a toe dancer.
(4) talipes calcaneus, the foot points upward,
with the heel pointing down.

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 FOOT DEFORMITIES
Talipes Equinovarus 1in 1000 births
 Talipes Equinovalgus Club Foot
 Etiology
 Positonal

 Congenital,

 Associated with other neuromuscular

disorders

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 Etiology
 Positional
held in a deformed position in utero
Flexible on examination
 Congenital
multifactorial inheritance, envoirnmental

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 TALIPES EQUINOVARUS

The common ("classic") form of clubfoot.

Talipes Latin talus (ankle) + pes (foot)
. Equino- indicates the heel is elevated (like a
horse's) -varus indicates it is turned inward.

The foot is turned in sharply and the person

seems to be walking on their ankle.

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Equinovarus

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Equniovarus

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 TALIPES EQUINOVALGUS
 Combination of talipes equinus
and
 talipes valgus,(outward)

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 Therapeutic management

 Serial manipulation and casting

 If sufficient correction not achieved within 3 to

6 months, surgery is performed

 Long-term follow-up

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 Clubfoot

Postoperative nursing considerations

 Neurovascular checks at least every 2 hours

 Observe for any swelling around cast edges

 Elevate ankle and foot on pillows

 Pain management
(analgesics)

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