Conducting

NEEDS ASSESSMENT
for

INDIVIDUAL GROUP COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION

Lesson 6 BY: SANDY S CALUGAY

11- HUMSS
 Brief History
Roger Kaufman is considered the "father of needs
assessment“.
He developed a model for determining needs defined as a
gap in results. This particular emphasis in results focuses on
the outcomes that result from products, processes, or inputs.
Kaufman argues that an actual need can only be identified
independent of premature selection of a solution. To
conduct a quality needs assessment according to Kaufman,
determine the current results, articulate the desired results,
and the distance between results is the actual need. Once a
need is identified, then a solution can be selected.
Kaufman's model identifies needs at the societal level,
"Mega" planning, along with needs at the Macro
(organizational) and Micro level (individuals and small
groups). Organizational elements vary among the three
different levels: outcomes at the Mega level, outputs at the
ROGER KAUFMAN Macro level, and products at the Micro level.
 
NEEDS ASSESSMENT is a
systematic process for determining and
addressing needs, or "gaps", between
current conditions and desired conditions
or "wants".
Needs assessment is part of planning. It
can be used to clarify problems and
identify appropriate solutions. Needs
assessments require sufficient data. It can
help improve policy or program
decisions, individuals, education, training,
organizations, communities, or products.
 THREE TYPES OF NEED IN A
NEEDS ASSESSMENT
1. EXPRESSED NEEDS are defined by the
number of people who have sought help
and focuses on circumstances where
feelings are translated into action. A major
weakness of expressed needs assumes that
all people with needs seek help.
2. RELATIVE NEEDS are concerned with equity
and must consider differences in population
and social pathology.
3. PERCEIVED NEEDS are defined by what
people think about their needs, each
standard changes with each respondent.
 MONITORING &
EVALUATING
for Counselling Effectivity
Monitoring in relation to counselling, is the accurate
documentation of all details necessary to generate
data of factual evidence about the implementation.
Its goal is to ensure that everything is being done as
designed based on the diagnostic procedure and
resources alignment.

The purpose of monitoring is to observe and check

the progress or quality of (something) over a period
of time which is kept under systematic review.

Through monitoring, we are able to determine

whether or not the methods applied in addressing a
clients’ problem is effective. In such a case the
counselor may lessen the treatment or apply other
methods in resolving the issue.
Evaluation in relation to counseling, is a
critical component of a developmental
guidance and counselling program and
ensures accountability.

Rationale and Purpose

Evaluation is a critical component of a
developmental guidance and counseling
program and ensures accountability.
The purpose of evaluation is to determine
the value of the program, its activities,
and staff to make decisions or to take
actions regarding the future. The
evaluation will measure the delivery of
services (the process evaluation) and
outcomes (product evaluation). This
ongoing process provides information to
ensure continuous improvement of the
guidance program and gives direction to
necessary changes.
 STEPS OF EVALUATION
PROCESS:

Drawing Gathering data to answer the

conclusions questions

Considering the Determining the audiences/uses

context for the evaluation

. Acting on the
Applying the predetermined
recommendatio standards
ns

Making
Gathering data to answer the
recommendatio questions
ns
According to our book, evaluation examines the
results and finds out if the intended results are
being met or not. It is the basis to continue or to
phase out a program. If monitoring documents
the process, evaluation concentrates on the
results.
The End