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    The British Empire began in the late 15th century and grew to become the largest empire in world history by the early 20th century. It started with colonies in North America and the Caribbean and expanded to include territories in Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. At its height in the early 1900s, the British Empire covered a quarter of the world's land and population. However, after World War 1 Britain could no longer afford to maintain control of its vast territories. In the mid-1900s there was a growing independence movement in Africa and Asia, and most colonies achieved independence in the decades following World War 2, marking the dissolution of the British Empire.

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    The British Empire began in the late 15th century and grew to become the largest empire in world history by the early 20th century. It started with colonies in North America and the Caribbean and expanded to include territories in Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. At its height in the early 1900s, the British Empire covered a quarter of the world's land and population. However, after World War 1 Britain could no longer afford to maintain control of its vast territories. In the mid-1900s there was a growing independence movement in Africa and Asia, and most colonies achieved independence in the decades following World War 2, marking the dissolution of the British Empire.

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    8 views14 pages

    The British Empire

    Uploaded by

    Jannah Hatem
    The British Empire began in the late 15th century and grew to become the largest empire in world history by the early 20th century. It started with colonies in North America and the Caribbean and expanded to include territories in Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. At its height in the early 1900s, the British Empire covered a quarter of the world's land and population. However, after World War 1 Britain could no longer afford to maintain control of its vast territories. In the mid-1900s there was a growing independence movement in Africa and Asia, and most colonies achieved independence in the decades following World War 2, marking the dissolution of the British Empire.

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    of 14

    THE BRITISH EMPIRE

    Jolina Neser 11B


    CONTENT OF THE PRESENTATION:

    The British Empire, what was it?


    What is an “Empire”
    Colonization
    Famous Empires throughout history
    The stages of the 1. British Empire
    Beginning in 1496 - 1607
    1607 - 1763
    The American War of Independence 1775 - 1783
    2. British Empire 1763 - 1924
    Consequences of the 2. Empire
    The struggle of Independence in Africa
    The Commonwealth
    “
    THE EMPIRE ON WHICH THE SUN NEVER SETS
    Viscount Bernard Montgomery

    ”
    WHAT IS AN EMPIRE?
    • A „political Unit“ made of several countries, territories, usually created by
    conquest and divided into centre and peripheries

    Most Famous
    Empires throughout
    History

    The Roman The Ottoman The Russian


    Empire Empire Empire
    27 BC - 476 AD 14th – 20th 1721 - 1917
    Century
    BEGINNING OF THE BRITISH
    EMPIRE
     Between 1497 and 1763 English seamen reached new places
     Setting up colonies; using them to trade
     Violence to take over lands
     Enslavery: Result of Expansion
     In 1497 John Cabot and Henry VIII reached Canada
     First colonies formed in North America 1585
     Small settlement in Virginia
     1607 British Virginia Company founded colony at Jamestown in Virginia
     Landing of the „Mayflower“
    THE ENGLISH OVERTAKE
     1920 first English colonies in the Carribbean
     Colonialisation of St Kitts 1623 – Barbados and Antigua
     English learned how to grow sugarcane from the Dutch
     Sugar needed lots of work = enslaved labout
     1655 Invasion of Jamaica , became colony in 1670
     1664 English took over Dutch colony of „New Netherland“
     Renamed „New Amsterdam“ to „New York“
     Took over „New Sweden“ named it „Delaware“
     Took over Florida in 1763
    SECOND BRITISH EMPIRE
    1763 - 1924
     By 1783 the British Empire consisted of:
     Colonies in North America, West Indies, Pacific including
    New Zealand
     Trading Posts in India
     Naval bases in the Mediterranean, Gibralatar and Menorca
     1815 – 1914 Global Power: Canada, Australia, New Zealand,
    India, Pakistan, Myanmar, parts of China and number of
    reagions in Africa
     British Pride
    CONSEQUENCES OF WORLD WAR 1

     Britian could no longer afford an empire


     Britian
    had no right to rule people who did not want
    to be ruled by Britain
     Britian
    realised that the Royal Navy was not strong
    enough to protect their lands anywhere in the world
    STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE AND
    DECOLONISATION IN AFRICA
     During the 2. World War, british colonies (Africa and India) made contribution
    to the war effort
     Empire provided them with military service and essential raw materials
     At the end of the war, colonies believed they had earnt their independence
    from British Empire
     Britain: economic problems; cost of War
     President Rossevelt wanted to free the colonies
     Britian didnt want to give up complete control
     Introduction of democracy to local aries with colonies
     African colonies felt it was enough; Protest
     Led by Jomo Kenyatta and Kwame Nkrumah (Ghana, Kenya)
     Britian couldnt affort to deal with it
     Between 1950s and 1980s Britian lost control of all african colonies
    THE COMMONWEALTH

     Meaning, what is it? British Empire dismantled and replaced


    by a voluntary organisation of former colonies
     Balfour Declaration 1926; Canada, Australia, New Zealand
    and Sout Africa = Independent countries
     In 1947, India and Pakistan were given independence
     In 1960 British Prime Minister, Harold Macmillan admitted
    there was a „wind of change“ in Africa = the protest
     African and Caribbean colonies achieved independence in
    1960
    SOURCES:
    • https://www.britannica.com/place/Roman-Empire
    • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire
    • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Empire
    • https://archive.org/details/empirerisedemise0000ferg
    • https://ageofrevolution.org/themes/war-and-the-international-order/american-war-of-indep
    endence-1775-1783
    /
    • https://academic.oup.com/book/7007/chapter-abstract/151333672?redirectedFrom=fulltext
    • https://
    www.theguardian.com/news/2016/aug/18/uncovering-truth-british-empire-caroline-elkins-
    mau-mau
    • https://
    www.newyorker.com/magazine/2022/04/04/the-british-empire-was-much-worse-than-you-
    realize-caroline-elkinss-legacy-of-violence
    • https://mapsdatabasez.blogspot.com/2019/11/map-of-colonial-america-1600s.html
    THANK YOUR
    FOR LISTENING!

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