Ethical Code Of Conduct

PRESENTED TO : SIR AWAIS

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CSC-307 Ethical Code Of Conduct
Presentation
TOPIC NAME
ETHICAL CODE OF CONDUCT

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GROUP MEMBERS

 M Faizan Raza 02-134221-083

 Wassam 02-134221-026
 Ammad Hameed 02-134221-084

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TABLE OF CONTENT:

 INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION ETHICS

 TYPES OF ETHICS
 STAGES OF ETHICS IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS
 STANDARDS IN ETHICAL THINKING
 RULES AND CONSEQUENCES
 SOURCES OF MORAL AUTHORITY
 HISTORIC REVIEW OF INFORMATION ETHICS
 KEY CONTRIBUTORS
 KNOWLEDGE AREAS FOR INFORMATION-RELATED ETHICS
 

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INFORMATION ETHICS

INTRODUCTION

TYPES

STAGES

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 INTRODUCTION:
• An ethical code of conduct is a set of guidelines that
organizations use to ensure that their employees behave
in a responsible and ethical manner.
• The purpose of an ethical code of conduct is to define
the values and principles that an organization expects its
employees to adhere to when carrying out their duties,
and to promote ethical behavior among employees.

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 Importance of ethical Behavior:
• Ethical behavior is essential for building and maintaining trust with customers, suppliers,
and stakeholders. When an organization behaves ethically, it demonstrates that it is
trustworthy and can be relied upon to do the right thing.

• Ethical behavior is important for enhancing the reputation and brand image of an
organization. Organizations that behave ethically are more likely to be viewed positively by
customers, suppliers, and the public, which can lead to increased loyalty, sales, and profits.

• Ethical behavior is essential for attracting and retaining top talent. Employees want to work
for organizations that share their values and behave ethically. By promoting ethical
behavior, organizations can create a positive and fulfilling work environment that attracts
and retains top talent.

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 Key Principle Of Ethical Code Of Conduct:
• Honesty: Employees are expected to be truthful and transparent in their
dealings with colleagues, customers, and stakeholders.
• Respect: Employees are expected to treat others with dignity and respect,
regardless of their background or position.
• Fairness: Employees are expected to be fair and impartial in their
decisions and actions, and to avoid favoritism or discrimination.
• Responsibility: Employees are expected to take ownership of their work
and act in the best interests of the organization and its stakeholders.
• Confidentiality: Employees are expected to protect the confidentiality of
sensitive information and to use it only for legitimate business purposes.

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Honesty As A Core Value:
1.Trust: Trust is essential for any successful organization, and is built through consistent
honesty, transparency, and ethical behavior. By creating a culture of trust, organizations can
attract and retain stakeholders who value integrity, and build strong relationships based on
mutual respect and understanding.
2.Credibility: Honesty is essential for establishing credibility in the eyes of stakeholders.
When an organization is honest in its communications and actions, it demonstrates that it is
credible and trustworthy. This can help to build a positive reputation and enhance the
organization's long-term success.
3.Integrity: Honesty is a fundamental principle of integrity, which involves doing the right
thing even when it is difficult. By prioritizing honesty in all aspects of their operations,
organizations can foster a culture of ethical behavior that benefits both the organization and its
stakeholders.

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Respect as a Core Value:
1)Inclusivity and Diversity: Respect promotes inclusivity and diversity
in the workplace, creating a positive and collaborative work environment.

2)Prevention of Discrimination and Harassment: Respect helps

to prevent discrimination and harassment in the workplace, ensuring that all
employees feel safe and valued.

3)Strong Relationships: Respect is essential for building strong

relationships based on trust and mutual understanding, leading to improved
teamwork, productivity, and morale.

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 Fairness as a Core Value:
• Equal Treatment: Fairness promotes equal treatment for all employees,
regardless of their position or background, creating a level playing field for success
and growth.

• Ethical Decision-Making: Fairness is essential for ethical decision-making,

ensuring that all stakeholders are considered and treated equitably.

• Positive Workplace Culture: Fairness creates a positive workplace culture

where employees feel valued and supported, leading to greater job satisfaction
and improved morale.

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Responsibility as a Core Value:
• Accountability: Responsibility promotes accountability for actions and
decisions, ensuring that individuals take ownership of their responsibilities
and are held accountable for their actions.
• Environmental Sustainability: Responsibility also includes a
commitment to environmental sustainability, ensuring that the organization
operates in an environmentally responsible manner.
• Ethical Leadership: Responsibility is essential for ethical leadership,
as leaders must take responsibility for their decisions and actions, and hold
themselves and others accountable to ethical standards. This promotes a
culture of integrity and ethical behavior throughout the organization,
improving trust and credibility with stakeholders.

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Confidentiality As A Core Value:

• Protecting Sensitive Information: Confidentiality is essential for

protecting sensitive information, such as personal data or trade secrets,
from unauthorized access or disclosure.
• Building Trust: Confidentiality also helps to build trust with
stakeholders, as it demonstrates a commitment to protecting their privacy
and sensitive information.
• Legal Compliance: Confidentiality is often required by law, such as
with data protection regulations, and failure to comply with these
requirements can result in legal and financial consequences. Ensuring
confidentiality helps organizations to comply with legal requirements and
avoid potential risks.
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 PROFESSIONALISM DEVELOPMENT:
• Professional development refers to continuing education and career training after a person has
entered the workforce in order to help them develop new skills, stay up-to-date on current trends,
and advance their career.

 OWNERSHIP:
• Ownership is indicated to who is the owner of the information which is used by the others
• It is important to find a way to sold and exchange the information without effected  the Intellectual
property of others.
• The Intellectual property always come with the speech of ownership, and it is  the rights which are
come at all new work produced by the human
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 Historic review of information ethics

 Information ethics is the branch of professional ethics that focuses on the relationship between the
creation, organization, dissemination, and use of information, and the ethical standards and moral
codes governing human conduct in society.

 It is a dynamic and developing field that draws from many different disciplines, viewpoints, and
cultural contexts.

 It has a relatively short but progressing history.

 A historic review of the development of information ethics can be stated as follows:

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 In the mid-20th century, as technology continued to develop, there were growing concerns about
the ethical implications of new information technologies. This led to the development of information
ethics as a separate field of study in the 1970s. Since then, the discipline has continued to grow,
with a growing number of professionals focusing on identifying and resolving ethical problems
associated with information technology. For example

 the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) developed a code of ethics in 1972 which
emphasizes the importance of professionalism, confidentiality, and responsibility in the use of ICTs.

 Similarly, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) developed a code of ethics
in 1974, which emphasizes the importance of honesty, integrity, and respect for others in the use of
ICTs.

 In 21st century, as new technologies continue to develop and new ethical dilemmas arise, the area
of information ethics has grown even more complicated and diversified.
As a result, Professional ethics continues to be an important aspect of information ethics, with many
new professional organizations having established codes of ethics that address information-related
issues. For example

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 International Association for Computer Ethics
(IACE) , which helps to ensure that technological
advancements are made with the well-being of individuals
and society as a whole.

 The Society for Ethics across the Curriculum

(SEAC) developed new codes in order to maintain a
professional society.

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 Key Contributors
Key contributors to professional ethics includes
o personal values

o organizational culture and policies

o codes of conduct established by professional organizations or regulatory bodies, as well as

legal and regulatory requirements.

For example
 the American Medical Association (AMA) has developed a Code of Medical Ethics that outlines
guidelines for physicians regarding issues such as confidentiality, informed consent, and
maintaining professional relationships.

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 the National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE) has a Code of Ethics for engineers that
promote honesty, integrity, and respect towards clients, colleagues, and the environment.

 regulatory bodies such as the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) ensure that
accounting professionals around the world adhere to ethical and professional standards. By
developing and enforcing the ethical standards they promote integrity, transparency, and
professionalism in the accounting field.

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These organizations contribute
significantly to promoting ethical
conduct in their respective professions
and serve as an exemplary models for
other professional bodies , by setting a
benchmark for their professions
through their commitment to ethical
conduct while promoting trust and
accountability. These codes of conduct
and ethical standards provide
guidelines for professionals, ensuring
they adhere to best practices in their
respective fields.

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Knowledge areas for information-related ethics

Information-related ethics encompasses a wide range of topics and knowledge areas, many of which overlap with
the broader field of professional ethics. Here are some of the key knowledge areas for information-related ethics
of professional ethics:

 Privacy and confidentiality: Professionals need to respect the privacy of individuals and keep confidential
information secure.

 Data protection and security: Professionals need to protect data from unauthorized access, theft, or misuse,
and understand the risks of cybercrime and data breaches.

 Transparency and accountability: Professionals need to be transparent about their work and be accountable
for their actions and decisions.

 Social responsibility: Professionals need to consider the broader societal implications of their work, such as
its impact on the environment, public health, and human rights.
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 Bias and discrimination: Professionals need to be aware of and avoid perpetuating biases and discrimination
in their work.

 Professionalism and ethical standards: Professionals need to adhere to ethical codes of conduct and
standards of practice, and strive to maintain high levels of professionalism in their work.

 Emerging technologies: Professionals need to stay up-to-date on the ethical implications of emerging
technologies, such as artificial intelligence, block chain, and the Internet of Things.

 Law and regulation: Professionals need to be aware of legal and regulatory requirements related to their work,
including data protection and privacy laws and regulations.  They need to have the knowledge and skills to make
ethical decisions and take appropriate action when faced with ethical dilemmas or conflicts.

o In conclusion, information-related ethics is a critical knowledge area for professional ethics, as it

guides the behavior of individuals and organizations in handling and use of information.

o By adhering to a set of ethical principles, information professionals can ensure that they use
information in a responsible and ethical manner, and maintain the trust of their stakeholders.
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 Standards in Ethical Thinking

• Several laws are present to set basic ethical standards within the business community, it majorly
depends on a business's leadership to develop a code of ethics.
• These standards are set to promote high standards of ethics, and professional excellence for the
ultimate benefit of society.
• The standards are to be met at certain criteria such as:
Professionalism
Duties to Client
Duties to Employers

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 Professionalism

• Knowledge of the Law, Employees should understand and comply with the laws set by
the government and the business.
• Independence and Objectivity, with reasonable care and judgment to achieve and
maintain independence and objectivity in their professional activities.
• Misrepresentation, Members of the business must not knowingly make any
misrepresentations of data.
• Misconduct, Employee must not engage in any professional conduct involving dishonesty,
fraud, or deceit

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 Duties to Client

• Loyalty, Prudence, and Care, Employee has a duty of loyalty to their clients and must act
with reasonable care and exercise prudent judgment in meeting the customer’s
requirements.
• Fair Dealing, Members dealing with clients must deal fairly and objectively with all clients
when providing information regarding the business.

Duties to Employers
• Loyalty, Employees should be honest towards their employer and work accordingly to promote the
objective of the employer.
• Responsibilities of Supervisors, One must make reasonable efforts to ensure that anyone subject to
their supervision or authority complies with applicable laws, rules, regulations, and the Code and
Standards.

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Rules and Consequences

• One shall honor their responsibility to hold paramount the persons they serve professionally and
foremost promote the best interests of those who are being served.
• Employees should be transparent to the public while advocating for unmet communication and
provide accurate information involving any aspect of the profession.
• Individuals shall avoid engaging in conflicts of interest whereby personal, financial, or other
considerations have the potential to influence or compromise professional judgment and
objectivity.
• When faced with a potential conflict of interest, there are three appropriate responses: 
Avoid, one should avoid such situations by being aware of them and being careful in judgment.
Disclose, The act of disclosure is a process of transparency.
Recuse, It is when one withdraws from a decision-making process when it can be influenced by a
conflict of interest.

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Consequences faced when Ethical Code is not Followed

• Decreased Productivity level,

Errors start to form in a once productive production line.
• Loss of Respect,
One losses respect and integrity among the colleague.
• Loss of Public Credibility,
Clients will lose their trust in the company.
• Legal Issues,
One will be punished by the law and can face large penalties.
• Termination,
The employee may be terminated according to the company.

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Sources and Moral Authority

• Professional ethics are ethical principles guiding a business's operations.

• Common issues that fall under ethics include employer-employee relations,
discrimination, environmental issues, bribery, and social responsibility.

• Moral authorities were based on the model of the ministry, with the commitment to
addressing specific social needs, such as health or justice.
• These authorities have developed since social, and legal boundaries of professions have
emerged claiming authority over a set of activities done in the workplace and in the public
spheres.

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  PFIZER AS AN EXAMPLE OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICS:

SCENARIO 1
 Consider a pharmaceutical organization named
as Pfizer, which has Build trust and credibility
by providing quality and safe medications and
vaccinations to the consumers. They have
been creating medications by abiding laws and
serving in the best interest of those who are
being served. Employees of this company
perform their roles professionally by avoiding
situations with personal conflicts of interest,
and being transparent about the production of
their medications.

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 FOLIO3 COMPANY PVT LTD AS AN EXAMPLE OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICS

SCENARIO 2
Consider a software house, such as
folio3, this organization is also based
on same pattern of professional ethics,
one of the main aim of this
organization is that their projects are
delivered on time, and with in scope
and budget of its customers. The main
learning from this scenario of
professional ethics here is that their
time management, confidentiality, work
ethics , honesty and loyalty as well!
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  BAHRIA UNIVERSITY AS AN EXAMPLE OF PROFESSIONAL
ETHICS:

SCENARIO 3:
Consider Educational institution as
BAHRIA UNIVSERISTY, They follow
the rules of professional ethics like
other organizations, by promoting
Mutual Respect between faculty
members, staffs, supervisors and
students all are the symbols of
professional ethics there. Allocation of
resources are done objectively rather
then being biased on certain criteria
falling under the domain of work ethics!
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THANKYOU!

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