CHAPTER 5

Introduction to Ethics
Glinogo, Nicole Ann B.
Mayo, Geraldine Z.
Tañote, Maurice C.
 ❑ Definition of Ethics

❑ The basic Characteristics of and values

associated with Ethical behavior.

❑ Ethical Behavior in Personal, Professional

and Business dealings is necessary.

Learning ❑ Reasons why people act unethically.

Objectives: ❑ Categories of ethical principles.

❑ Ethical Principles related to: Personal Ethics,

Professional Ethics, Business Ethics

❑ Why professional ethics is important and

why a code of conduct should be adopted.
 What is Ethics?
 According to Britannica, The term ethics may refer to the philosophical study of the concepts of moral right and wrong
and moral good and bad, to any philosophical theory of what is morally right and wrong or morally good and bad, and to any
system or code of moral rules, principles, or values. The last may be associated with particular religions, cultures,
professions, or virtually any other group that is at least partly characterized by its moral outlook.
 According to the book, Ethics can be defined broadly as a set of moral principles or values that govern the actions and
decisions of an individual or group. While personal ethics vary from individual to individual at any point in time, most people
within a society are able to agree about what is considered ethical and unethical behavior.
 Ethics is a topic that receives much attention throughout our society today. It is common for people to differ in their moral
principles or values. Even if two people agree on the ethical principles that determine ethical behavior, it is unlikely that they
will agree on the relative importance of each principle.

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 CHARACTERISTICS AND VALUES ASSOCIATED
WITH ETHICAL BEHAVIOR
The following list of ethical principles incorporates the characteristics and values that most people associates with
ethical behavior.

 INTEGRITY
Be principled, honorable, upright, courageous, and act on convictions; do not be twofaced or
unscrupulous, or adopt an end-justifies-the-means philosophy that ignores principle.
 HONESTY
Be truthful, sincere, forthright, straightforward, frank, and candid; do not cheat, steal, lie, deceive or act
deviously.
 TRUSTWORTHINESS AND PROMISE KEEPING
Be worthy of trust, keep promises, full commitments, abide by the spirit as well as the letter of an
agreement; do not interpret agreements in an unreasonably technical or legalistic manner in order to rationalize
noncompliance or create excuses and justification for breaking commitments.
 LOYALTY AND CONFIDENTIALITY
Be faithful and loyal to family, friends, employers, clients and country; do not use or disclose information
learned in confidence; in a professional context, safeguard the influences and conflicts of interest.
 FAIRNESS AND OPENNESS
Be fair and open – minded, be willing to admit error and, where appropriate, change positions and beliefs,
demonstrate a commitment to justice, the equal treatment of individuals, and tolerance for acceptance of
diversity; do not overreach or take advantage of another’s mistakes or diversities.two-faced

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 CHARACTERISTICS AND VALUES ASSOCIATED
WITH ETHICAL BEHAVIOR
The following list of ethical principles incorporates the characteristics and values that most people associates with
ethical behavior.

 CARING FOR OTHERS

Be caring, kind, and compassionate; share, be giving be of service to others; help those in need and
avoid harming others.
 RESPECT FOR OTHERS
Demonstrate respect for human dignity, privacy, and the right to self – determination of all people; be
courteous, prompt, and decent; provide others with the information they need to make informed decisions
about their own lives; do not patronize, embarrass, or demean.
 RESPONSIBLE CITIZENSHIP
Obey just laws; openly protest it; exercise all democratic rights and privileged responsibly by
participation.
 PURSUIT OF EXCELLENCE
In meeting your personal and professional responsibilities, be diligent, reliable, industrious and
committed.
 ACCOUNTABILITY
Be accountable, and accept responsibility for decisions.

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WHY IS ETHICAL BEHAVIOR NECESSARY?
 Ethical behavior is necessary for a society to function in an orderly manner. It can be argued
that ethics is the glue that holds a society together.
 The need for ethics in society is sufficiently important that many commonly held ethical values
are incorporated into laws.

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 plan for product launch
PLANNING synergize scalable e-commerce

MARKETING disseminate standardized metrics

DESIGN coordinate e-business applications

STRATEGY foster holistically superior methodologies

LAUNCH deploy strategic networks with compelling e-business needs

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timeline
NOV 20XX
disseminate standardized metrics

SEP 20XX
synergize scalable e-commerce

JAN 20XX
coordinate e-business applications

MAR 20XX MAY 20XX

foster holistically superior deploy strategic networks with
methodologies compelling e-business needs
CATEGORIES OF ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
Principles of Personal Ethics include among others;
o
Concern and respect for the autonomy of others.
o
Honesty and the willingness to comply with the law.
o
Fairness and the ability not to take undue advantage of others
o
Benevolence and preventing harm to anyone.
Professional Ethics include among others;
o
Integrity, Impartiality, Objectivity
o
Professional Competence
o
Confidentiality
o
Professional Behavior
o
Avoidance of potential or apparent conflict of interest

Introduction to Ethics 10
CATEGORIES OF ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
Business Ethics include among others;
o
Fair Competition
o
Global as well as domestic justice
o
Social responsibility
o
Concern for environment

Introduction to Ethics 11
Need for Professional Ethics
Most important Characteristics :

1. Responsibility to serve the public

2. Complex body of knowledge
3. Standards of admission to the profession
4. Need for public confidence

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 Code of Good Governance for the Profession in the Philippines
(E.o No. 220, June 23,2023)
● The Code of Good Governance for the Professions in the Philippines shall be adopted by all registered professionals.

● Empower professionals not only to upgrade or improve their technical and ethical proficiency but also to keep them
abreast with modern trends and technology in their respective professions, thereby assuring the highly qualitative
and globally-competitive professional services, and secure the safety and protection of the public.

General Principle of Professional Conduct

● Ethical awareness
● Ethical competency..

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Specific Principle of Professional
conduct
1. Service to others
❖ Professionals are committed to a life of service to others.

1. Integrity and objectivity

❖ Professionals shall perform their responsibilities with the highest sense of integrity and imbued with nationalism and spiritual values.

1. Professional Competence
❖ Professionals shall undertake only those professional services that they can reasonably deliver with professional competence.

1. Solidarity and Teamwork

❖ Each profession shall nurture and support one organization for all its members.

1. Social and civic responsibility

❖ Professionals shall always carry out their professional duties with due consideration of the broader interest of the public.

1. Global Competitiveness
❖ Professional shall remain open to challenges of more dynamic interconnected world.

1. Equality of all Professions

❖ All professionals shall treat their colleagues with respect and shall stove to be fair in their dealing with one another.

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Thank you :)