CHAPTER 5:

INTRODUCTION TO ETHICS

PRESENTED BY: MICA ELLA S. GEMINO

A2-3BSMA-02
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Define Ethics
2. Enumerate and describe the basic characteristics and
values associated with ethical behavior.
3. Appreciate why ethical behavior in personal,
professional and business dealings is necessary.
4. Understand the reasons why people act unethically.
5. Give and explain the categories of ethical principles.
6. Give and describe the ethical principle related to
Personal ethics, Professional ethics, and Business
ethics.
7. Explain why professional ethics is important and why a
code of conduct should be adopted.
 1. DEFINE ETHICS

 Ethics can be defined broadly as a set of moral

principles or values that govern the actions and
decisions of an individual or group.
 Ethical and Unethical behavior.
 CHARACTERISTICS AND ALUESASSOCIATED WITH
2. ETHICAL BEHAVIOR

1. INTEGRITY
Be principled, honorable and do not be
twofaced or unscrupulous.

2.HONESTY
Be truthful, frank and do not cheat.

3. TRUSTWORTHINESS and PROMISE KEEPING

Be worthy of trust. Do not interpret agreement in an
unreasonably manner in order to create excuses and justification
for breaking commitments.
4. LOYALTY and CONFIDENTIALITY
Be faithful to your family, friends, employees, clients
and country. Do not disclose disclosed information learned
in confidence.

5. FAIRNESS and OPENNESS

Be fair and open-minded, be a person who is willing to
admit errors. D o not overreach or take advantage of
another’s mistakes.

6. CARING FOR OTHERS

Be kind and compassionate. Be a giver and be of
service of others.
7. RESPECT FOR OTHERS
Demonstrate respect for human dignity, privacy and
provide others with the information they need to make
informed decisions about their own lives.

8. RESPONSIBLE CITIZENSHIP
Obey just laws, if all law unjust, openly protest it.

9. PURSUIT OF EXCELLENCE
Pursue excellence in all matters. Perform all task to the
best of your ability. Be well informed and well prepared.

10. ACCOUNTABILITY
Be accountable, accept responsibility for decisions. We
have a special obligation to lead.
 WHY ETHICAL BEHAVIOR IN PERSONAL
3. PROFESSIONAL AND BUSINESS
DEALINGS IS NECESSARY
I. PERSONAL ETHICS – It is a standards by which a person
judges behavior as being right or wrong. It is
necessary because you can influence individuals.

II. ETHICAL BEHAVIOR IN PROFESSIONAL – Most

professionals have an informational advantage over
those they serve.

III. ETHICAL BEHAVIOR IN BUSINESS DEALINGS – In

business ethics as a guiding principle, employees
make better decisions in less time. It increase
productivity and overall employee morale.
 4. WHY PEOPLE ACT UNETHICALLY
[TWO REASONS WHY PEOPLE ACT UNETHICALLY]

1. Person’s Ethical Standards differ from General

Society.

2. The Person Chooses to Act Selfishly.

 5&6 CATEGORIES OF ETHICAL
PRINCIPLES
PRINCIPLES OF PERSONAL ETHICS INCLUDE AMONG OTHERS

 Basic Justice, fairness

 Respect for the right of others
 Concern for the right of others
 Concern for the well-being on welfare of others
 Benevolence, trustworthiness, honesty
 Compliance with the law
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS INCLUDE AMONG OTHERS

 Integrity, impartiality, objectivity

 Professional competence
 Confidentiality
 Professional behavior
 Avoidance of potential or apparent conflict of
interest

BUSINESS ETHICS INCLUDE AMONG OTHERS

 Fair competition
 Global as well as domestic justice
 Social responsibility
 Concern for environment
 WHY PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IS IMPORTANT &
WHY SHOULD CODE CONDUCT
7. SHOULD BE ADOPTED

Professional Ethics often get promulgated by

professionals organizations. They may play a role in
enforcement and disciplinary action with respect to
those who violate such standards.

[ Two Code of Conduct ]

1. General Principle of Professional Conduct
a. Ethical Awareness
b. Ethical Competency
2. Specific Principle of Professional Conduct
a. Service to Others
b. Integrity and objectivity
c. Professional Competence
d. Solidarity and Teamwork
e. Social and Civic Responsibility
f. Global Competitiveness
g. Equality of all professions
“ I like to think of ethics as being all about what
we do when no one is looking. Our actions
reveal the character or person what we are”
- Dr. Steven Mintz