INTRAPRENEURSHIP

WOMEN, SOCIAL & RURAL ENTERPRISE

BY- yachana sharma

asst. professor
INTRAPRENEURSHIP
 An intrapreneurship is a phenomenon of
empowering the employees within the
organization, by valuing their ideas and converting
them into a profit-making model for the business. 
 It is the combination of employee responsibilities

with his/her entrepreneurship skills that creates an

intrapreneur.
 An intrapreneur is the employee who avails an

opportunity, develops an idea and takes it to the

next level for the betterment of the organization.
Characteristics of Intrapreneurship
 Diversification:
Intrapreneurship promotes teams with people of different gender, age
groups, culture and fields.

 Innovative
Approach: It is a creative initiative for the progress of both the employee and
the company.

 Restoration
Concept: An intrapreneur adds value to an existing company by improving
the products, services, methods or perceptions.

 Mutual Benefit: Through intrapreneurship, an employee achieves empowerment and

self-actualization; and the company also grows remarkably.

 Calculated
Risk: The risk involved in an intrapreneur’s project is well analyzed and
planned before it is onboard.

 NoInvestment by Intrapreneur: The intrapreneur is the brain behind the idea but need
not put even a penny into the project. The company funds it at every stage of business.

 Profit-Sharing
Agreement: In many organizations, a profit-sharing agreement is signed
mutually between the company and the employee.
Advantages of Intrapreneurship
 Initiates Idea Sharing: An intrapreneur may
provide a different perspective than that of the
management. This idea can act as a robust
input for the company.
 Identifies Employee Potential: An employee has
a lot of capabilities which can be explored by
bringing out the intrapreneur within him/her.
 Provides Competitive Edge: Intrapreneurs are
considered to be a highly efficient workforce
who have excellent problem solving and
competitive skills.
 Develops Leadership: Intrapreneurs emerge as
leaders when they are given a proper chance
and thus, can set examples for other
employees too.
 Ensures Employee Engagement: It is a
pragmatic way of keeping the employees
immersed in their work, thinking innovative
solutions to every problem and evolving as
intrapreneurs.
 Brings a Positive Change: Innovative ideas and
analytical thinking is mostly assertive for the
company’s development and progress.
Hurdles in Intrapreneurship
 Multiple CEOs: If a company has more than
one CEO with different mindsets, then the
employee may not get equal support from
each one of them, for intrapreneurship
practice.
 Cultural Issues: Many of the other employees
who do not take intrapreneurship seriously
or keep themselves away from such practice
may raise problems.
 Talent Acquisition Problems: Identifying an
intrapreneur within an employee is a
challenging task for the human resource
department.
 Adverse Market Response: The consumers
sometimes feel that the innovated product
fail to meet their requirements.
 Lack or Shift of Suitable Resource: An
intrapreneur leaving the organization or the
company unable to appoint one, may lead to
its failure.
Difference
Entrepreneurial Decision Process
Challenges faced by enterpreneurs
Startup Costs
The initial investment can be obtained through multiple sources such as VCs, loans, friends &
family, but it's most important to know how much money you exactly need and for what
purpose?
Limited Time
You have a limited time in order to try, test the market and show success. If the market supports
your idea, a startup can become an instant success and start churning out the returns within no
time. Usually, it takes anywhere between 1 to 3 years for a business to blossom into a success.
Lack Of Technical Expertise
If you do not have the technical expertise and depend completely on your managers or
employees for support, It can pose a major challenge for entrepreneurs.
Lack of Resources
It can be monetary, infrastructure, HR or more. You should be ready to face these challenges and
find viable solutions to these issues. Most of the problems of entrepreneurs are because of the
capital, as “n” no resources can be purchased if you have the right amount of capital with you.
Lack Of Experience
If you are a first-time entrepreneur, you are not likely to be experienced in the business. What you
have are the skills that you have acquired in your previous employment. But does that have any
value in your entrepreneurial venture?
Lack Of Direction
Planning and having the right direction is important for your business to be successful. Many
entrepreneurs get too caught up in the business that the final goal is forgotten. First, it's
important to have a goal in your mind along with a route map. There need to be short-term goals
that ultimately lead to the accomplishment of long-term visions.
Women entrepreneurship
 Women Entrepreneurs means the women or a group of women who
initiate, organize and operate a business enterprise. A woman
entrepreneur is therefore a confident, creative and innovative
woman desiring economic independence individually and
simultaneously creating employment opportunities for others.

 “Women entrepreneurship is based on women participation in

equity and employment of a business enterprise.” -Ruhani J. Alice

 “An enterprise owned and controlled by woman having a minimum

financial interest of 51% of the capital and giving at least 51%
employment generated to women” -By Government of India

 “Women who innovate initiate or adopt business actively are called

women entrepreneurs.” -J.Schumpeter
Features:
1. They should be educated and skillful.
2. Must have professional education to become better
entrepreneur.
3. She should be capable enough to do innovations and be
able to bear risks and uncertainties.
4. Able to make utilization of various schemes, and aids
given by government.
5. She should be capable enough to face male competitors
and should possess guts to move ahead.
6. She should be capable enough to make autonomous
investment.
7. She must possess some ethics and egoism and should
be egotist as well.
Types of women entrepreneur
1) Affluent entrepreneurs – These are daughters and wives of wealthy
businessmen. These women have the financial aid and the necessary
resources to start a new enterprise and take business risks.
2) Pull factors – These are educated women living in urban areas with or without
work experience who take the risk of a new enterprise with the help of
financial institutions and commercial banks. These women take up a new
business as a challenge in order to be financially independent.
3) Push factors – These women take up some business activity in order to
overcome financial difficulties. Generally widows and single women manage
an existing family business or develop a new business due to difficult family
situations.
4) Rural entrepreneurs – These women belong to rural areas and choose a
business suiting their resources and knowledge. Business carried out involves
low investment, minimum risk and does not require any special skills.
5) Self-employed entrepreneurs – They are uneducated women who fall below
the poverty line. They choose tiny and small enterprise which are convenient
to manage and adequate for the sustenance of her family
Factors Influencing Women
Entrepreneurship:
i. Push Factors:
a. Death of bread winner
b. Permanent inadequacy in income of the family
c. Sudden fall in family income
ii. Pull Factors:
a. Need and perception of Women’s Liberation,
Equity etc.
b. To gain recognition, importance and social status.
c. To get economic independence
d. To utilize their free time or education
e. Women’s desire to evaluate their talent
Women enterprises
 Nearby 10% of MSMEs in India are represented
by 3.01 million enterprises owned by women.
Over 8 million people are employed in this
sector which makes a contribution of 3.09% in
the industrial output. Out of these enterprises
owned by women, nearby 78% are related to
services. Further 98% of the enterprises owned
by women are small scale enterprises. This is
the reason behind women entrepreneurship to
be more inclined towards the small firms.
Social Entrepreneurship
 Social Entrepreneurship can be defined as doing business for a cause. This form of
entrepreneurship combines business and social issues in a bid to improve the lives of
people..
 “Social Entrepreneurship is when an individual or a group of people take up the
responsibility to solve the prevailing problems of society. It could be a low-key affair or a
large-scale drive that involves the masses. What matters is that the activity or initiative
solves a problem and brings about a positive change in someone’s life.”
  American professor Greg Dees’s definition of social entrepreneurship, “Social
entrepreneurs are a ‘special breed’ of leaders.”
 Journalist and author David Bornstein, while defining social entrepreneurship, says, “What
business entrepreneurs are to the economy, social entrepreneurs are to social change.”

 Examples Of Social Entrepreneurship

 Anshu Gupta, Founder of Goonj: Anshu, a media professional, wanted to provide proper
clothing to the underprivileged. He started collecting old clothes to up cycle them and
distribute them among the poor.
 Santosh Parulekar, Founder of Pipal Tree: Focusing on one of the most underrated
segments, jobs in rural India, this organization is the best example of social
entrepreneurship. Pipal Tree was established to help youth from rural India find suitable
jobs.  
Types Of Social Entrepreneurship
1. Community Social Entrepreneur: Community social entrepreneurs are small-scale change makers. A
community social entrepreneur can be a young individual teaching underprivileged kids in a town, a
group of college students running sanitation and plantation drives in a city or one or more
organizations working for social good.
 Community social entrepreneurs work in specific geographies and communities but for a wide variety

of causes. From hygiene and sanitation to employment and food distribution services and from
plantation and environment safety to providing employment to deserving ones, they do it all.

2. Non-Profit Social Entrepreneur: These social entrepreneurs believe in reinvesting profits. So, along
with the initial cost, they put their profits into the cause.
 For instance, if the initial project was to educate kids from underprivileged backgrounds and they

received more funds than required to facilitate the initiative, they will utilize the surplus to educate
women and expand their portfolio.
 People who have a business-oriented mindset prefer this type of social entrepreneurship. Not just

that, but companies and organizations chose non-profit social entrepreneurship to utilize their social
goodwill for the cause.

3. Transformational Social Entrepreneur: These entrepreneurs focus on establishing a business that can

solve a purpose that government initiatives and other businesses can’t.
 Transformational social entrepreneurship is more like running an organization where you hire skilled

people, think of newer ways to stay relevant in the market, follow the guidelines issued by
governments and do everything that an enterprise does.
 examples -CRY (Child Rights and You), Goonj and JusTea.

4. Global Social Entrepreneur: Global social entrepreneurs think on a larger scale and focus on changes
required at the global level. They put social responsibility above profits.
 They usually collaborate with organizations working on similar causes in specific regions/countries.

One of the most relevant examples of this type of social entrepreneurship is the Make A Wish
Foundation. Headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona, it actively works in around 50 countries, fulfilling the
wishes of critically ill children.
Advantages and disadvantages:
Rural entrepreneurship
 Rural entrepreneurship is a term that relates to the
establishment of new business units and industries in
rural areas. It involves carrying out entrepreneurship
activities in the rural economy which results in the
overall development of the nation. 
 Rural entrepreneurship helps countries in achieving the

equitable advancement and development of all areas. It

serves as a key tool for overcoming all gaps in between
urban and non-urban areas whether in terms of
infrastructure, job opportunities, health, education etc.
The similar growth and development opportunities are
provided to the people of village as one available to
peoples of cities
 Need for Rural Entrepreneurship
 High potential of creating employment-  Industries in rural parts are mostly labor-
intensive where many people are engaged in distinct activities both directly and
indirectly. Rise in unemployment is one of the basic and most highlighted problem of
every nation in today’s era. Rural entrepreneurship can be very effective in tackling
this problem in positive way by bringing in more job opportunities for people.
 Brings down income disparity- Rural industries possess a high potential of generating

large amount of income for rural population. When people living in non-urban areas
get equal opportunity for earning income as similar to one living in urban areas, the
disparities in income earned gets reduced.
 Proper utilization of resources- The resources are present in sufficient quantity

among rural areas which may remain lie idle if rural entrepreneurship does not exist.
When industries will run via rural entrepreneurship programme, then the use of all
these resources will enhance productivity thereby favoring nation in some way.
 Reduce migration of villagers- It helps in creating similar growth and development

opportunities for peoples of villages as are available in urban areas. When people
have access to job opportunities in their native areas, they would like to remain at
their home instead of migrating to some other places. 
 Enhance traditional culture- Rural entrepreneurship not only protects but also

promote the art, creativity and culture of particular region on wider scale.
 Foster economic development- The economic development of remote areas across

the nation is increased to great extent by rural entrepreneurship.

Types of Rural Entrepreneurship

 Agro based enterprises- Agro based enterprises are one which are engaged
in processing and selling of agricultural products. These products include
fruit juice, sugar, wheat, rice, dairy products, jaggery, oil from oil seeds and
many more. 
 Mineral based industries- Mineral based industries uses minerals ores as

primary raw material for producing their range of products. Iron and steel
industry, cement industry, aluminum industry, wall coating powders etc. are
included in mineral based industries. 
 Handicrafts- Handicrafts are artistic items which are made from glass, jute,

bamboo, soil, wood etc. In addition to this, antiques, traditional decoration

items and toys are also covered here. 
 Textile industry- Textile industries include all those industries which are

involved in spinning, weaving, tie and dye, and coloring and bleaching of
textile. 
 Engineering services- Engineering services comprise of tool and equipments

that are used in pumps, tractors, pipes and fittings, repairs, etc.
 Forest-based industries- Forest based industries are involved in bamboo

products, honey making, beedi industry, supply of wood and wood products,
etc. 
Problems of Rural Entrepreneurship
 Lack of funds
 Poor infrastructure facilities
 Competition
 Unavailability of skilled labor
 Poor quality of products
 Exploitation by middlemen
 Legal formalities
Thank you