BIO511

CYTOGENETIC
NAME MATRIC NO
NARDIRAH MAHMOOD 2013
NURAZELLA AZAHARI 2013
SHARIFAH EDORA 2013
SITI BAZILAH BILAK 2013945767
 WHAT IS CYTOGENETICS?
• Cytology is the study of cell
• Cytogenetics is the study ofCHROMOSOMES
and their ROLE in HEREDITY.
• In cytogenetic, there is a disease caused by
abnormal chromosome structure and
number
FUNCTION OF CYTOGENETIC
Study chromosome structure and composition

the roles that chromosomes play in sex

determination

chromosome abnormalities associated with

disease

methods that scientists use to analyze

chromosomes
 TYPES OF CYTOGENETICS
• Molecular cytogenetics is a study of genetic
MOLECULAR disorders using new technologies that combine
cytogenetic and molecular techniques
CYTOGENETIC • Example ; FISH (FLUORESCENT IN SITU
S OBSERVATION) & comparative genomic
hybridization (CGH

CLINICAL • study of the relationship of

CYTOGENETI chromosomal alterations and genetic
C diseases in human beings
• Example : Karyotype
TECHNIQUE IN CYTOGENETIC
KARYOTYPING
Organize all chromosomes by
homology, size and shape
Used to investigate the total
number and structure of the
chromosomes
resulting in a banding pattern of
light and dark stripes, known as
G-banding.
ANALYSIS BY
FLUORESCENT IN SITU
OBSERVATION
to analysis of metaphase
chromosomes which have been
banded using trypsin followed by
Giemsa, Leishmanns, or a
mixture of the two.
 CYTOGENETIC MAPPING
• A cytogenetic map is the visual appearance of
a chromosome when stained and examined
under a microscope.
• Particularly important are visually distinct
regions, called light and dark bands, which
give each of the chromosomes a unique
appearance. This feature allows a person's
chromosomes to be studied in a clinical test
known as a karyotype