COVID-19

Definition:
 Covid - 19 is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered virus called
coronavirus.
 Coronavirus is a virus that is found in animals and, rarely, can be transmitted from
animals to humans and then spread person to person.
 Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral respiratory illness caused by a
coronavirus, called SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV)
What caused coronavirus?
 The recent outbreak began in Wuhan, a city in the Hubei province of China reports of the
first COVID-19 cases started in December 2019.
 Coronaviruses are common in certain species of animals, such as cattle and camels.
Although the transmission of coronaviruses from animals to humans is rare. This new
strain likely came from bats, though one study suggests pangolins may be the origin.
 Some reports trace the earliest cases back to a seafood and animal market in Wuhan. It
may have been from here that SARS-CoV-2 started to spread to humans.
Signs and symptoms of Covid - 19
 Fever or chills
 Cough
 Difficulty in breathing
 Fatigue
 Muscle or body aches
 Headache
 Loss of taste and smell
 Sore throat
 Congestion or running nose
 Nausea or vomiting
 Diarrhoea
Prevention
 Preventive measures to reduce the chances of infection:
• Getting vaccinated
• Staying at home
• Wearing a mask in public
• Avoiding crowded places
• Keeping a certain distance from others
• Ventilating indoor spaces
• Washing hands with soap and water for at least twenty seconds
• Practicing a good respiratory hygiene
• Avoiding touching the eyes, nose or mouth with unwashed hands
Vaccination
 TYPES OF VACCINES
• Inactivated or weakened virus vaccines
• Protein-based vaccines
• Viral vector vaccines
• RNA and DNA vaccines
 Different vaccines for Covid – 19: AstraZeneca, Covaxin, Sinovac, Sinopharm, Johnson and
Johnson (J&J) Janssen, Moderna, Pfizer. 
Vaccination in INDIA

 India began administration of Covid – 19 vaccines on 16 January, 2021.

 As of 1 August 2022, India has administered 2.04 billion doses overall, including first,
second and booster doses of the currently approved vaccines.
 In India, 94% of the eligible population (12+) has received at least one dose.
 86% of eligible population (12+) is fully vaccinated