INDEX- 1) CERTIFICATE

2) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
3) HOW IT STARTED
4) STRUCTURE OF CORONAVIRUS
5) CLASSIFICATION OF CORONAVIRUS
6) HOW CORONAVIRUS SPREAD
7) SYMPTOMS OF CORONAVIRUS
8) DIAGNOASTIC TEST OF COVID 19
9) PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN
10)POSTCOVID COMPLICATIONS
11) DATA OF COVID 19 CASES OF WORLD
13)BIBLIOGRAPHY
 INTRODUCTION
Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that can
cause respiratory illness in humans. They are
called "corona" because of crown-like spikes on
the surface of the virus. Severe acute respiratory
syndrome (SARS), Coronavirus disease Middle
East respiratory (COVID-19) syndrome (MERS)
and the common cold are examples of
coronaviruses that cause illness in humans.
The new strain of coronavirus - COVID-19 – was
first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019.
The virus has since spread to all continents
 HOW IT STARTED?
The World Health Organization (WHO) was first
alerted to several cases of pneumonia in
Wuhuan, a city in the Chinese province of Hubei,
on December 31, 2019. According to the first
WHO situation report on the coronavirus disease,
the cases of pneumonia had no known cause, and
totaled 44 by January 3.
 FOOD MARKET IN WUHAN
(CHINA)
China's National Health Commission
originally traced exposure to a seafood
market in Wuhan, but later reports
indicate that the market was unlikely to
be the only source of the virus. By
January 7, the exact strain-a new type
of coronavirus-was identified, and
initially named 2019-nCov
 FIRST KNOWN DEATH DUE TO
COVID
On Jan. 11, Chinese state media reported
the first known death from an illness caused
by the virus, which had infected dozens of
people. The 61-year-old man who died was
a regular customer at the market in Wuhan.
The report of his death came just before
one of China's biggest holidays, when
hundreds of millions of people travel across
the country.
 FIRST REPORTED CASE IN INDIA

India, Jan. 27, 2020 , reported its first

positive case of the novel coronavirus
(nCoV) from Kerala with a student, who was
studying in Wuhan University and had
travelled to India, testing positive for the
virus.
 WHO DECLARED PUBLIC
HEALTH EMERGENCY
Amid thousands of new cases in China, a
“public health emergency of international
concern" was officially declared by the
W.H.O. China's Foreign Ministry
spokeswoman said that it would continue to
work with the W.H.O. and other countries
to protect public health, and the U.S. State
Department warned travelers to avoid
China.
 FORMAL NAME 'COVID 19'
ANNOUNCE
On February 11, 2020 the World Health
Organization announced an official name
for the disease that is causing the 2019
novel coronavirus outbreak, first identified
in Wuhan China. The new name of this
disease is coronavirus disease 2019,
abbreviated as COVID-19. In COVID-19, 'CO'
stands for 'corona,''Vl' for 'virus,' and 'D' for
the disease
 COVID 19: A PANDEMIC

Structure Of Coronavirus The coronavirus

particles are organized with long RNA
polymers tightly packed into the center of
the particle, and surrounded by a protective
capsid, which is a lattice of repeated protein
molecules referred to as coat or capsid
proteins. In coronavirus, these proteins are
called nucleocapsid (N).
 COVID 19: A PANDEMIC
RNA At their core, coronaviruses contain a
genetic blueprint called RNA (beige), similar
to DNA. The single-stranded RNA acts as a
molecular message that enables production
of proteins needed for other elements of
the virus. - Nucleoprotein

Bound to this string of RNA are

nucleoproteins-(dark blue discs)proteins
that help give the virus its structure and
enable it to replicate.
 COVID 19: A PANDEMIC
Viral envelope Encapsulating the RNA genome is
the viral envelope (teal), which protects the virus
when it is outside of a host cell. This outer
envelope is made from a layer of lipids, a waxy
barrier containing fat molecules. As well as
protecting the precious genetic cargo, this layer
anchors the different structural proteins needed
by the virus to infect cells. 

Envelope proteins (dark blue dots) embedded in

this layer aid the assembly of new virus particles
once it has infected a cell. 
 COVID 19: A PANDEMIC
The bulbous projections seen on the outside
of the coronavirus are spike proteins
(redorange). This fringe of proteins gives the
virus its crown-like appearance under the
microscope, from which the Latin name
corona is derived. The spike proteins act as
grappling hooks that allow the virus to latch
onto host cells and crack them open for
infection. Like all viruses, coronaviruses are
unable to thrive and reproduce outside of a
living host. 
CLASSIFICATION OF COVID 19
 HOW CORONAVIRUS SPREADS?
 The coronavirus spreads mainly from person to person. A person infected
with coronavirus - even one with no symptoms - may emit aerosols when
they talk or breathe. Aerosols are infectious viral particles that can float or
drift around in the air for up to three hours. Another person can breathe in
these aerosols and become infected with the coronavirus. When people are
in close contact with one another, droplets that are produced when an
infected person coughs or sneezes may land in the mouths or noses of
people who are nearby, or possibly be inhaled into their lungs.
 HOW CORONAVIRUS SPREADS?
Transmission is less likely to happen outdoors, where air currents
scatter and dilute the virus, than in a home, office, or other confined
space with limited air circulation. The risk of spread from contact
with contaminated surfaces or objects is considered to be extremely
low. According to the CDC, each contact with a contaminated
surface has less than a l in 10,000 chance of causing an infection.
The virus may be shed in saliva, semen, and feces; whether it is shed
in vaginal fluids isn't known. Kissing can transmit the virus.
Transmission of the virus through feces, or during vaginal or anal
intercourse or oral sex, appears to be extremely unlikely at this time.
Crowded Closed-off
 SYMPTOMS OF CORONAVIRUS
MOST COMMON SYMPTOMS:-
1) FEVER
2) COUGH 
3) DROWZINESS
4) LOSS OF TASTE AND SMELL
 SYMPTOMS OF CORONAVIRUS
LESS COMMMON SYMPTOMS
1) SORE THROAT
2)HEADACHE
3)ACHES AND PAIN
4)DIARHOEEA
5)RASH ON SKIN OR DOSCOLOURATION ON FINGER AND TOES
6)RED IRRIATED EYES
 SYMPTOMS OF CORONAVIRUS
1)Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath  
2)Loss of speech or mobility, or confusion 
3)Chest pain. 

Seek immediate medical attention if you have serious symptoms.

Always call before visiting your doctor or health facility.
People with mild symptoms who are otherwise healthy should
manage their symptoms at home. 
On average it takes 5-6 days from when someone is infected with
the virus for symptoms to show, however it can take up to 14
days. Headache
 DIAGNOASTIC TEST OF COVID 19
There are two types of tests for COVID-19: the PCR test and the
antigen test.

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)- This tests for the presence

of the actual virus's genetic material or its fragments as it breaks
down. PCR is the most reliable and accurate test for detecting
active infection. PCR tests typically take hours to perform, but
some are faster.
 DIAGNOASTIC TEST OF COVID 19
Rapid Antigen Test - This detects bits of proteins on the surface
of the virus called antigens. Antigen tests typically take only 15 to
30 minutes. Rapid antigen tests are most accurate when used
within a few days of the start of your symptoms, which is when
the largest amount of virus is present in your body.
 PRECAUTIONS OF CORONAVIRUS

Stay 6 feet away from others

1)Inside your home: Avoid close contact with people who are
sick. • If possible, maintain 6 feet between the person who is sick
and other household members. 
2)Outside your home: Put 6 feet of distance between yourself
and people who don't live in your household. • Remember that
some people without symptoms may be able to spread virus. •
Stay at least 6 feet (about 2 arm lengths) from other people. •
Keeping distance from others is especially important for people
who are at higher risk of getting very sick.