To understand nature we must first try to

understand ourselves
 Equilirbrium

Dr.Farhad Gul MSc H&PE*, DPT KMU, DHT*

Equilibrium

• When all forces acting on a body are

perfectly are balanced and the body
remains in rest of in state of uniform
velocity
• When the resultant force of all forces on
body is zero the body is in state of
equilibruim
Types of equilibruim

• Stable equilibrium
• Unstable
equilibrium
• Neutral equilibrium
Stable equilibrium

• If the forces acting on a body tend to

restore the body into its original position
after it has been displaced the body is said
to be in state of stable equilibrium
Conditions for stable equilibrium

• Broader base
• Low center of gravity
• Line of gravity must fall near the center of
extensive base after displacement
Unstable equilibrium

• If the body is given an initial displacement

and after this displacement the body does
not return to its original position the body
is said to be in state of unstable
equilibrium
Conditions for unstable equilibrium
• Higher the center of gravity
• Shorter base
• The line of gravity falls outside the base
after the short displacement
Neutral equilibriumn

• In this type of equilibrium height and

position of the center of gravity in relation
to base remains same inspite of
displacement
Stability of human body

• Human body is more stable in lying

position
• It is less stable in standing position
Base

• The area by which a body is supported

Fixation

• State of immobility
• Long term immobility
• Active fixation is achieved by co
contraction of muscles
• Passive fixation is achieved by manual
pressure, straps, sand bags
• It is applied during fractures, joint diseases
Stabilization

• It short term immobility

• Used during applying exercises
• To stop movements at joints if not required
Balance:

• It is the ability to control equilibrium

• Balance is Enhanced by:
– Wide base of support
– Low center of gravity
– Increased weight
– Relationship of center of gravity to base of support
– Increased friction of supporting structures.
– Kinesthetics sense
• Inner ear, touch, vision, practice etc.
THANKS