ME 3301: Fluid Mechanics I

(Week 4: Part 2)

Kamran Nazir
Department of Mechanical Engineering
National University of Technology

Spring 2021
Chapter 3: Pressure and Fluid Statics
Pressure at a Point
Variation of Pressure with Depth
Manometer and other Pressure Measuring Devices
Fluid Statics
Hydrostatic Forces on Submerged Plane Surfaces
Hydrostatic Forces on Submerged Curved Surfaces
Stability of Immersed and Floating Bodies
Fluids in Rigid-Body Motion
Special Case: Submerged Rectangular Plate
Hydrostatic Forces on Curved Surfaces
• FR on a curved surface is more involved since it requires integration of the
pressure forces that change direction along the surface.
• Easiest approach: determine horizontal and vertical components FH and FV
separately.
Hydrostatic Forces on Curved Surfaces
• Horizontal force component on curved surface: FH=Fx. Line of action on vertical
plane gives y coordinate of center of pressure on curved surface.
• Vertical force component on curved surface: FV=Fy+W, where W is the weight of
the liquid in the enclosed block W=rgV.
• x coordinate of the center of pressure is a combination of line of action on
horizontal plane (centroid of area) and line of action through volume (centroid
of volume).
• Magnitude of force FR=(FH2+FV2)1/2
• Angle of force is a = tan-1(FV/FH)
Hydrostatic Forces on Curved Surfaces
• For Circular arc, Resultant force always passes through the
center.
• Because Pressure forces are normal to surface, and all
normal lines to the circle always passes through center.
• For multi layered fluid, finding force for each part and then
add all the forces will give resultant force.
• Line of action will be found by concept which states that
moment of equivalent force about any point is equal to
sum of moments of individual forces.