IRRIGATION

Irrigation
Irrigation is the artificial process of applying controlled amounts of watering to the land to assist in growing the
plants. Different types of plants require different quantities of water at different times or season during their
growing period.

Automatic Irrigation System

An automated irrigation system refers to the operation of the system with NO or just a
minimum of manual intervention beside the surveillance. Almost every system (drip,
sprinkler, bubblers) can be automated with help of timers, sensors or computers or
mechanical appliances. It makes the irrigation process more efficient and workers can
concentrate on other. On the other hand, such a system can be expensive and very
complex in its design.
 IRRIGATION NETWORK

PRIMARY IRRIGATION SECONDARY IRRIGATION TERTIARY IRRIGATION

(IRRIGATION MAIN) (SUBMAIN) (LATERALS)
 IRRIGATION TYPES
(APPLICATION)

DRIP IRRIGATION BUBBLER IRRIGATION SPRINKLER IRRIGATION

SHRUBS PALMS LAWN

TREES
GROUND COVERS
Drip Irrigation
Drip irrigation is a type of micro-irrigation system that has the potential to save water and nutrients by allowing water to drip slowly to the
roots of the plants.

In-Line Drip
On Surface
On-Line Drip
Drip Irrigation
Sub Surface In-Line drip
In-line Drip On-line Drip Sub Surface Drip
Bubbler Irrigation
Pressure-compensating bubblers are ideal for palms and trees watering. The water literally bubbles up and over the bubbler head delivering
water straight to the plant’s root system.
Typical Installation details - Bubbler
SPRINKLER OR SPRAYER IRRIGATION
(FOR LAWN AREAS)

Sprinkler irrigation is a method of applying irrigation water which is similar to natural rainfall. Water is distributed through a system of pipes
usually by pumping. It is then sprayed into the air through sprinklers so that it breaks up into small water drops which fall to the ground.

SPRINKLER ROTORS
HOW SPRINKLER WORKS
 IRRIGATION MATERIALS
uPVC Pipes / HDPE Pipes Solenoid Valve Quick Coupling Valve Air Release Valve Gate Valve

Drip Tube Sprinkler Bubbler Irrigation Controller Valve Box Cables

DEMAND CALCULATION

Peak water requirement to the plants (as per ADM standards)

Palm – 150 lit/day/palm

Tree – 86 lit /day/tree

Shrubs – 17 lit /day/m2

Ground Covers – 10 lit /day/m2

Lawn - 10 lit /day/m2

 IRRIGATION UNITS

• 1 Litre = 3.785 Gallon

• 1 M3 = 1000 Litres
• Litre • 1 LPS = 3.6 m3/hr
• Gallon • 1 LPH = 0.000277 LPS
• M3 • 1 GPH = 0.00105 LPS
• LPS (litre per second) • 1 GPM = 0.063 LPS
• GPM (gallon per minute) • 1 bar = 10m Head
• LPH (Litre per hour)
• GPH (Gallon per Hour)
• M3/hr (Cubic Meter per
hour)
• Bar
• Head
 IRRIGATION MATERIAL
AVAILABLE CAPACITY / SIZES
(IN MIDDLE EAST PRACTICE)
 IN-LINE DRIP

ON-LINE DRIP

FLOW RATE

1.89 lph
3.79 lph
7.57 lph

SPACING
BETWEEN FLOW RATE
EMITTERS

30 cm 1.6 lph
30 cm 2.3 lph
30 cm 3.5 lph
50 cm 1.6 lph
50 cm 2.3 lph
50 cm 3.5 lph
P.C.BUBBLER
 SPRINKLER / SPRAYER

MODEL NOZZLE PRESSURE BAR RADIUS FLOW IN LPM FLOW IN LPS

FULL 2.1 1.2 3.3 0.055
3 QUARTER 2.1 1.2 2.8 0.047
4 SERIES VAN
HALF 2.1 1.2 1.8 0.030
QUARTER 2.1 1.2 1.1 0.018
FULL 2.1 1.8 4.5 0.075
3 QUARTER 2.1 1.8 4.2 0.070
6 SERIES VAN
HALF 2.1 1.8 2.3 0.038
QUARTER 2.1 1.8 1.4 0.023
FULL 2.1 2.4 6.4 0.107
3 QUARTER 2.1 2.4 5.9 0.098
8 SERIES VAN
HALF 2.1 2.4 4.5 0.075
QUARTER 2.1 2.4 2.7 0.045
FULL 2.1 3.1 9.8 0.163
10 SERIES 3 QUARTER 2.1 3.1 7.9 0.132
VAN HALF 2.1 3.1 5.5 0.092
QUARTER 2.1 3.1 2.8 0.047
FULL 2.1 3.7 9.02 0.150
12 SERIES 3 QUARTER 2.1 3.7 6.76 0.113
VAN HALF 2.1 3.7 4.51 0.075
QUARTER 2.1 3.7 2.25 0.038
FULL 2.1 4.6 14 0.233
15 SERIES 3 QUARTER 2.1 4.6 10.5 0.175
VAN HALF 2.1 4.6 7 0.117
QUARTER 2.1 4.6 3.5 0.058
FULL 2.1 5.5 20.1 0.335

18 SERIES 3 QUARTER 2.1 5.5 15.1 0.252

VAN HALF 2.1 5.5 10.1 0.168
QUARTER 2.1 5.5 5 0.083
 ROTOR

NOZZLE ARC PRESSURE RADIUS FLOW IN FLOW IN

MODEL
MODEL ROTATION BAR LPM LPS
0.75 40 3.5 5.4 3.09 0.052
1 60 3.5 6.6 4.27 0.071
3500 1.5 90 3.5 7.3 5.97 0.100
SERIES 2 180 3.5 8.4 7.79 0.130
3 270 3.5 9.6 11.9 0.198
4 360 3.5 10.7 16.66 0.278
1.5 60 3.5 10.7 6 0.100
2 90 3.5 11.3 8.4 0.140
5000 2.5 110 3.5 11.3 10.2 0.170
SERIES 3 135 3.5 12.2 12.6 0.210
4 180 3.5 12.8 16.2 0.270
5 220 3.5 13.7 20.4 0.340
  6 270 3.5 14.2 24 0.400
  8 360 3.5 14.9 32.4 0.540
Maximum allowable flow for the pipe

PIPE SIZE IN INCHES PIPE SIZE IN MM FLOW LPS

3/4" 25 0.6
1" 32 0.9
1.5" 40 2.05
2" 63 3.35
3" 90 7
4" 110 11.6
6" 160 25.2
8" 225 44
Maximum allowable flow for the Solenoid Valve

VALVE SIZE IN INCHES VALVE SIZE IN MM FLOW

1" 32 0.9
1.5" 40 2.207
2" 63 3.785
3" 90 5.5