 Doña Teodora served as Rizal’s

first teacher
Injustice to Hero’s Mother

 Spanish lieutenant accused Teodora Alonso

of fabricated charges

 Infidelity case of Jose Alberto’s wife,

Teodora Formoso

 She was forced to walk from Calamba to

Santa Cruz (capital of Laguna Province), a
distance of 50 kilometers.
Rizal’s private tutors:

 Maestro Celestino

 Maestro Lucas Padua

 Leon Monroy
Rizal in Biñan, Laguna

 In June 1869, Paciano and Rizal Left Calamba to

study in the village school of Maestro Justiniano
Aquino Cruz.Rizal was very sad because it was
his first time to go out of town without his
mother.

 The school was just a small nipa hut with a

distance of 30 meters from their aunt’s house.
Rizal in Biñan, Laguna

 Jose Rizal described Maestro Justiniano as a thin

man, with long neck, sharp nose, a slightly bent
forward body, and always wore sinamay shirt
(from Batangas).

 Jose Rizal also recalled that Maestro Justiniano

Cruz asked him if he can speak Spanish.
Rizal in Biñan, Laguna

 During the siesta break, Rizal challenged Pedro

to a brawl (because the latter laughed at his
answer).

 Because of his superior intellectual ability, Rizal

topped all his classmates, especially in language
subjects such as Spanish and Latin.
 SEGUNDA KATIGBAK –Rizal’s first love
Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WEN7nOML5fU&feature=emb_logo

https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/publicaffairs/ijuander/683778/ang-mga-babaeng-minahal-ni-dr-jose-rizal-kilalanin-sa-i-juander/story/
Martyrdom of Gom-Bur-Za

 Cavite Mutiny issue

 Privileges oppressed

 Revolution occurred

 Linked to Gom-Bur-Za
http://malacanang.gov.ph/7695-the-martyrdom-of-the-gomburza/
Xiao Time: Ang pag-aaklas sa Cavite (Cavite
Mutiny)

Watch the video below:

– Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5CwmcUCwuv8
The GomBurZa were publicly executed, by garrote, on the early morning of February 17, 1872 at Bagumbayan.
GARROTE: A DEATH PENALTY
Contrary to popular belief, the garrote does not kill slowly
by strangulation. Rather, the condemned is made to sit on a
bare wooden seat. A metal clamp is fitted snugly around the
victim’s covered head in such a way that, with one or two
quick turns of the screw by the executioner, the metal clamp
breaks the neck of the condemned, producing quick and,
theoretically, painless death.

- Ambeth Ocampo
Xiao Time: Ang paggarote sa tatlong paring
martir na sina Gomez, Burgos at Zamora –
GOMBURZA
Watch the video below.
- Link- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5XidgBT-uw
RIZAL’S TRIUMPH IN ATENEO
MUNICIPAL

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/510806782713477698/
RIZAL’S TRIUMPH IN ATENEO
MUNICIPAL

Ang unang larawan ni Rizal sa kanyang uniporme sa Ateneo

de Manila. Mula sa Vibal Foundation.
https://xiaochua.net/2013/06/19/xiao-time-19-june-2013-ang-makulay-at-makasaysayang-
kabataan-ni-jose-rizal/
 RIZAL’S TRIUMPH IN ATENEO
MUNICIPAL
 Ateneo since then is a school run by the Society of
Jesus (JESUITS)

Spanish Jesuits from the old Manila Observatory.

Source: archives.observatory.ph
 RIZAL’S TRIUMPH IN ATENEO
MUNICIPAL
Experiences at the School
 Rizal took the entrance examination at Colegio de San
Juan de Letran but, after passing the qualifying
examination, his father decided to enroll him at the
Ateneo Municipal.

 Through the intercession of Manuel Jerez, a nephew of Fr. Jose

Burgos (one of the three martyred priests known collectively as
Gomburza), Rizal was finally accepted into the Ateneo
 RIZAL’S TRIUMPH IN ATENEO
MUNICIPAL
Experiences at the School
 Rizal described everything he saw and experienced in describing
his classmates and other children, like those in his boarding
house, including “some young Spanish mestizos, the fruits of
friar love affairs.” (Ocampo,2010)

 “I forgot to say that in a little table, I had a drawer with soap, comb,
brushes for the hair and for the teeth, powder, etc. My little money
amounting to some eight pesos, I kept under my pillow.”
 RIZAL’S TRIUMPH IN ATENEO
MUNICIPAL
Experiences at the School

 Fr. Francisco de Paula Sanchez-teacher of mathematics, rhetoric and

Greek
- Rizal’s favorite professor
- accompanied Rizal at the beginning of his exile in Dapitan

 Rizal’s appreciation to Jesuit fathers was evidenced through his letter.

 RIZAL’S TRIUMPH IN ATENEO
MUNICIPAL
Experiences at the School

 Rizal wrote: In the afternoon, I said goodbye to the Jesuit fathers,

who gave me strong letters of recommendation to the fathers in
Barcelona. I owe a great deal to this order- almost, almost everything
that I am.”
Academic achievement

 received with the rating sobresaliente (highest honors)

 RIZAL’S TRIUMPH IN ATENEO
MUNICIPAL
Scholastic records from 1872-1874
1872-1873
Arithmetic ………………………………...Excellent
Latin I ……………………………………..Excellent
Spanish I ………………………………….Excellent
Greek I …………………………………….Excellent
1873-1874
Latin 2 ………………………………..........Excellent
Spanish 2 …………………………………..Excellent
Greek 2 ……………………………………..Excellent
Universal Geography……………………..Excellent
MEDICAL STUDIES AT UST

 University of Sto.Tomas
has the prestige as the first
university in Asia, run by
the Order of Preachers
(Dominicans)

Mga Dominikanong Espanyol. Mula sa Rizal: Ang Buhay ng Isang

Bayani.
https://xiaochua.net/2013/06/19/xiao-time-19-june-2013-ang-
makulay-at-makasaysayang-kabataan-ni-jose-rizal/
Rizal’s UST Years

 Don Francisco Rizal was the one who influenced Jose to

pursue his studies in college.

 Doña Teodora resisted the idea because of fear that Jose’s

life could be in danger if he will be given too much
education.
• She was quoted saying, “Don’t send him to Manila
again; he knows enough. If he gets to know more, the
Spaniards will cut off his head.”
Rizal’s UST Years
 Paciano accompanied Rizal to enroll at the UST

 Rizal took up philosophy and letters as advised by Don

Francisco Mercado Rizal.

 Rizal asked Father Pablo Ramon’s advice who was at that

time the rector of Ateneo Municipal.

 He received Father Ramon’s reply and advised him to

take up Medicine.
Rizal’s UST Years
 During his first year in UST, Rizal also took a surveying
course at the Ateneo (1877-1878).

 During Rizal’s time, students from Manila were offered

to take up any course in agriculture, mechanics,
surveying, and commerce.

 He was 17 years old when he passed the final

examination in the surveying course.
Rizal’s UST Years
Education
Rizal experienced the following:
 racial discrimination;
 unfairly treated;

 recipient of poor grades;

 dissatisfied with the teaching methods;

 forced to leave the university.

Rizal’s UST Years
Research shows…

Spanish Dominican friar Fr. Fidel Villaroel, OP

Rizal’s Scholastic Records 1877-1882
Preparatory Course of Theology and Law (1877-1878)

 Cosmology—Sobresaliente

 Metaphysics—Sobresaliente 

 Theodicy—Sobresaliente 
 Theodicy—Sobresaliente 

 History of Philosophy—Sobresaliente 
Rizal’s Scholastic Records 1877-1882
Preparatory Course of Medicine (1878-1879)

 Advanced Physics—Aprovechado

 Advanced Chemistry—Sobresaliente 

 Advanced Natural History—Aprovechado

Rizal’s UST Years
Research shows…

 In UST, Rizal ranked second in class standing

  He topped other Spanish students 

 He was granted a very rare privilege of pursuing two

programs at the same time. 

- Fr. Jesus Jay Miranda, OP

February 23, 2020 
Rizal’s UST Years
Rizal’s summary of grades:
   Excellent – six subjects

   Aprovechado or Notable (Very Good) – six subjects

 Bueno (Good) –eight subjects

 One Aprobado (Passed) - one

- Fr. Fidel Villaroel, OP

Dominican historian
Rizal’s UST Years
I-Witness: ‘Mga Pahina ng Kasaysayan,’
dokumentaryo ni Sandra Aguinaldo
Link- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pvUZsb85T9k
Rizal’s UST Years
In conclusion, Fr. Fidel displays the following
results of his study:

 Rizal was a good student, above average, though not excellent; but
none of his classmates were excellent either. Rizal was not as gifted
for Medicine as he was for the Letters and Arts.

 In Madrid, his medical grades were the same or a little lower.

Rizal’s UST Years
In conclusion, Fr. Fidel displays the following
results of his study:
 He is not on record as having ever complained about his grades in
Santo Tomas, while he did complain about those he received in
Madrid.

 He was never discriminated against in Santo Tomas; on the

contrary, he was favored with a dispensation which few students
received.
Rizal’s UST Years
In conclusion, Fr. Fidel displays the following
results of his study:
 Racial discrimination did not exist in his class, as shown by the
fact that all his Spanish classmates fell by the roadside one by one
in the course of four years.

 In the fourth and last year in Santo Tomas, only seven students
remained [out of the original batch of 24], and Rizal was one of
them.

 Rizal ranked in second place

Rizal’s UST Years

 Rizal decided to pursue medicine course because of his

mother’s deteriorating eyesight –cataract problem
Rizal’s UST Years
iJuander: Jose Rizal, nagkaroon nga ba ng grado na pasang-
awa?

Link-https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3tIQJVUVYjQ