FIGURES OF SPEECH

TEACHER DYAN PAMINTUAN

REMEMBER ME!
REMEMBER THE WORDS
INSIDE THE BOX.
 ONOMATOPOE
SPEECH ASSOCIATE CAUSE OBJECT EMPHASIS SARCASM IA

EUPHEMIS
SOUND CLAUSE PARALLEL INANIMATE WHOLE ANAPHORA
M

IMAGES END READER PURPOSE PHRASE CLIMAX EPIPHORA

IMAGINATIO
N CLIMAX WRITER VERSE INITIAL IRONY SIMILE

CONTRADI SUBSTITUT CONSONAN

EMOTION OPPOSITE PARADOX METAPHOR
CT E T
ALLITERATIO SUBSTITUT APOSTROP HYPERBOL
EFFECT LIKE COHESIVE
N E HE E
CONSONANC RHETORIC OXYMORO PERSONIFICATI
CONSIDER AS VOWELS
E AL N ON

ASSONANC SYNECDOC REPETITIO PARALLELI METONYM

ARRANGE SENTENCE
E HE N SM Y
REMEMBER ME!
REMEMBER THE WORDS
INSIDE THE BOX.
 FIGURES OF
SPEECH
These are literary devices that
achieve a special effect by
using words in distinctive
ways. There are two
categories:
 USED TO CREATE SOUND
1. Alliteration
- This refers to the repetition of an
initial consonant sound.
Example:
Don’t delay the dawn disarming display.
Dusk demands daylight.
 USED TO CREATE SOUND
2. Assonance
- This refers to the similarity in sound
between internal vowels in the
neighboring word.
Example:
It beats…… as it sweeps….as it cleans!
 USED TO CREATE SOUND
3. Consonance
- Like alliteration, this is a repetition of
consonant sounds, but in the final
position.
Example:
Once you go black, you can never go back.
 USED TO CREATE SOUND
4. Onomatopoeia
- This is the use of words that imitate the
sounds associated with the objects they
refer to.
Example:
The clock’s tick-tocks remind the old man of
his impending death.
 USED TO CREATE SOUND
5. Anaphora
- Same word or phrase is repeated at the
beginning of successive clauses or verses.
Example:
I’m not afraid to die. I’m not afraid to live.
I’m not afraid to fail. I’m not afraid to
succeed.
 USED TO CREATE SOUND
6. Epiphora
- What is repeated is a word or phrase at
the end of a succession of clauses or
verses.
Example:
"If you did know to whom I gave the ring If you did know
for whom I gave the ring, And would conceive for what I
gave the ring..."
 USED TO CREATE SOUND
7. Anadiplosis
- The last word of a verse or sentence is
repeated at the beginning of the next
one.
Example:
“Fear leads to anger. Anger leads to hate. Hate leads to
suffering.
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8. Simile
- This is used to create comparison using
like or as between two dissimilar things
that have something in common.
Example:
“She's as cold as ice.”
“Anika is like an angel.”
 U S E D T O E V O K E E M O T I O N A N D I M A G I N AT I O N

9. Metaphor
- This is a comparison between two unlike
things that have something in common.
Example:
“Her eyes were diamonds.”
“He is a shining star.”
“She is an early bird.”
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10. Personification
- This is a figure of speech in which an
inanimate object is endowed with
human qualities or abilities.
Example:
“The picture in that magazine screamed for attention.”
“The sun smiled down on us.”
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11. Hyperbole
- This is an extravagant statement or the
use of exaggerated terms for the purpose
of emphasis.
Example:
“I am so busy trying to accomplish ten million things at
once.”
 U S E D T O E V O K E E M O T I O N A N D I M A G I N AT I O N

11. Hyperbole
Example:

“I'm so hungry, I could eat a horse.”

“My feet are killing me.”
“That plane ride took forever.”
“I love you to the moon and back.”
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12. Understatement
- This deliberately makes a situation seem
less important or serious than it is.
Example:
“It’s nothing, it is just a scratch.”
After the boys lost the basketball game 12 to 84, the coach
said, “Well, guys, we came up a little bit short.”
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13. Metonymy
- This is a figure of speech in which one
word or phrase is substituted for
another with which is closely associated.
Example:
“The crown has died.”
“The pen is mightier than the sword.”
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14. Synecdoche
- This is a figure of speech in which a part
is used to represent the whole or the
whole for a part.
Example:
“His parents bought him a new set of wheels.” (new car)
“Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears.”
 U S E D T O E V O K E E M O T I O N A N D I M A G I N AT I O N

15. Euphemism
- This refers to the substitution of an
inoffensive term for once considered
offensively explicit.
Example:
“Most of the informal settlers have been relocated outside
Metro Manila.”
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15. Euphemism
Example:
“passed away”
“make love”
“creative with the truth”
“correctional facility”
“economically disadvantaged”
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16. Rhetorical Question

- This is a question that needs no answer.
Example:
"Why do these things always happen to me?“
“Marriage is a wonderful institution, but who would want
to live in an institution?”
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17. Climax
- This is a figure of speech in which a
series of phrases or sentences is
arranged in ascending order in order of
importance.
 U S E D T O E V O K E E M O T I O N A N D I M A G I N AT I O N

17. Climax
Example:

“Let a man acknowledge his obligations to

himself, his country and his God.”
 U S E D T O E V O K E E M O T I O N A N D I M A G I N AT I O N

18. Anticlimax
- This is a figure of speech in which a
series of phrases or sentences is
arranged in descending order in order
of importance.
 U S E D T O E V O K E E M O T I O N A N D I M A G I N AT I O N

18. Anticlimax
Example:

“He has seen the ravages of war, he has

known natural catastrophes, he has been to
single bars.”
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19. Oxymoron
- This is a figure of speech that uses
contradictory terms usually side by side
with each other. It combines
contradictory words with opposing
meanings.
 U S E D T O E V O K E E M O T I O N A N D I M A G I N AT I O N

19. Oxymoron
Example:
“living dead”
“old news”
“deafening silence”
“organized chaos.
 U S E D T O E V O K E E M O T I O N A N D I M A G I N AT I O N

20. Sarcasm

- This makes use of words that mean the

opposite of what the speaker or writer wants
to say especially in order to insult someone,
show irritation, or be funny.
 U S E D T O E V O K E E M O T I O N A N D I M A G I N AT I O N

20. Sarcasm
Example:
When someone puts on too much perfume
“Nice perfume. How long did you marinate
in it?”
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21. Irony

- This refers to a statement or situation that is

contradicted by the appearance or
presentation of the idea.
U S E D T O E V O K E E M O T I O N A N D I M A G I N AT I O N

21. Irony
Example:
“A marriage counselor files for divorce.”
“The police station gets robbed.”
“A child runs away from someone throwing a
water balloon at him and falls into the pool.”
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22. Paradox

- This refers to a statement that appears to

contradict itself. The presentation of truth in
a form is apparently self-contradictory and
absurd.
U S E D T O E V O K E E M O T I O N A N D I M A G I N AT I O N

22. Paradox
Example:
“I must be cruel to be kind.”
“Save money by spending it.”
“If I know one thing, it's that I know nothing.”
“This is the beginning of the end.”
“Deep down, you're really shallow.”
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23. Apostrophe

- This figure of speech addresses an inanimate

object or an absent person.
U S E D T O E V O K E E M O T I O N A N D I M A G I N AT I O N

23. Apostrophe
Example:
“Twinkle, twinkle, little star, how I wonder
what you are.”
“O holy night! Then come sweet death and rid
me of this grief."
“O, pardon me, thou bleeding piece of earth.”
 C. ALLUSIONS

An allusion is a reference to a well-known

person, character, place, or event that a writer
makes to deepen the reader's understanding
of their work by creating an association
between the work and the reference.
 D. DICTION

It can be defined as a style of speaking or

writing determined by the choice of words by
a speaker or writer.
 D. DICTION

Considerations:
1. Right and Accurate
2. Words are appropriate in the context
3. Choice of words should be understood
easily
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