01 INTRODUCTION

HISTORY AND
02 GEOGRAPHICAL ADVANTAGE

Agenda Layout 03 SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT

04 PLAN - LED URBAN

FORM

PRESENT SCENARIO AND

05 FUTURE PLAN
 What is SEZ?

A special economic zone (SEZ) is an area in which the

business and trade laws are different from the rest of the
country. SEZs are located within a country's national
borders.
Need
• The prime objective was to enhance foreign investment and
provide an internationally competitive and hassle free
environment for exports. The idea was to promote exports
from the country and realizing the need that level playing field
must be made available to the domestic enterprises and
manufacturers to be competitive globally.
• SEZ are set up in order to attract foreign investors to invest in
India, SEZ are brought with world class facilities , water ,
electricity , roads , transport , storage etc.. this foreign
investment will help in economic development of India.
• SEZs play a key role in rapid economic development of a
country. In the early 1990s, it helped China and there were
hopes (perhaps never very high ones, admittedly) that the
establishment in India of similar export-processing zones
could offer similar benefits -- provided, however, that the
zones offered attractive enough concessions
Aim of SEZ
• Their aims include increased trade balance, employment,
increased investment, job creation and effective
administration. To encourage businesses to set up in the
zone, financial policies are introduced. These policies
typically encompass investing, taxation, trading, quotas,
customs and labour regulations.
• Additionally, companies may be offered tax holidays,
where upon establishing themselves in a zone, they are
granted a period of lower taxation.
• The benefits a company gains by being in a special
economic zone may mean that it can produce and trade
goods at a lower price, aimed at being globally
competitive
Objective
• Promotion of exports of goods and services
• Promotion of investment from domestic and
foreign sources
• Creation of employment opportunities
• Development of infrastructure facilities
• Generation of additional economic activity
Types
• Sector-Specific SEZ:-
I. Manufactures one or more good in a particular
sector like gems and jewellery, electronic hardware
or software = 10 or more hectares.
II. Manufactures one or more services=100 or more
hectares.
III. Manufacture multiple goods or rendering multiple
services in one sector or across multiple sectors.
• Multi- Product SEZ:- land used is 1000 or more
hectares SEZ in an existing port or airport for
manufacture of goods falling in two or more
sectors including trading and warehousing Land
used is 40 or more hectare.
SEZ of India
• Presently, 378 SEZs are notified, out of which
265 are operational.
• Some famous sez of India are Kandla SEZ.( 1st
sez of India), Noida SEZ, SEEPZ SEZ, Cochin SEZ,
Madras EPZ SEZ, Azadi Ka Mahotsav.
Is SEZ successful
India?
 HISTORY AND
GEOGRAPHICAL ADVANTAGE
HISTORY
• Shenzhen popularly known as China's
silicon valley.
• 1979 :-it became one of the China's
first special economic zone (SEZ).
• Opened foreign investment,
technology, managerial expertise
through establishment of foreign
owned, joint venture and other
business enterprises without the prior
approval of central government.
HISTORY contd..
• In 1980 Shenzhen grew at phenomenal rate because of both
domestic and foreign capital investment.
• SEZ is significantly higher than the average in China due to
vast number of workers & professional flooded into it to
work in factories that produce electronics
• In 1988 it Became a city under separate state planning
which means that the city can implement polices that are
different from those in national plan & was given the right of
provincial level economic administration.
• In 1990 it was under China`s security regulatory commission 
,it established Shenzhen stock exchange to provide platform
for centralized securities trading.
HISTORY contd..
• In 1992 NPC granted the government of Shenzhen
the power to make local laws and regulations.
• In 2003 the municipal government announced the
strategy of transforming Shenzhen into  cultured
based city promoting design and the arts.
• By the time of 2005 where most of the Chinese
cities were still developing their manufacturing
base, Shenzhen had developed a strategy to
transition its economy.
HISTORY contd..
• During 2012-2016 the cultural and creative industries
have grown by an average of 14% annually in 2016
they represented 10% of Shenzhen GDP.
• Today Shenzhen is classed as a megacity ,with a
population over 10 million, with the cities dramatic
growth fueled almost entire by internal migration.
Shenzhen has a large creative workforce drawn from
across the China and aims to become a city of
innovation, focusing on digital, IT and smart cities.
LOCATION

• Shenzhen is in the seaboard

area of south China
neighboring Hongkong, and
in the pearl river delta.
CLIMATE
•Shenzhen belongs subtropical marine climate.
•Annual average temperature here is 22.4 Celsius.
•Rainy season is from May to September.
•Hottest month is august and coldest month is January.
TOURISM
• The tourist resource is quite
abundant ,from cultural cites to
natural landscape. but it mainly
features with large themed parks
and coastal land scape.
• Splendid China and cultural folk
villages -theme park including two
areas in Shenzhen. It is one of the
world`s largest scenery parks in the
amount of scenarios reproduced.
• Window of the world -a theme park
located in western part of the city of
Shenzhen, which is 118 acres.
SUSTAINABILITY
URBANISATION
IN SHENZHEN
• Shenzhen went through rapid development
• Remarkable achievements in Sustainable
development
• “Urban diseases” in process of
development
• Many environmental challenges and
pressures
• Contradiction of supply demand of
resources
• Importance of energy structure adjustment
• Comprehensively lower the carbon
emissions of the energy production sector
• Shenzhen adopted high efficiency power
generation technologies.
SHENZHEN’S
SUSTAINABLE
PROCESS
• There were hardly any industries when
Shenzhen was established
• Industrial parks were set up to carry out
urbanization
• Many low carbon emission industries were set
up
• Consumption of natural gas increased
• 942 green parks were constructed
• It has become the flagship project of China-
Europe Sustainable
• urbanization cooperation.
• Shenzhen has won the Sustainable development
planning project award from Paulson institute of
US.
PLAN – LED URBAN FORM
FIRST STAGE
• From 1978-1992
• In this stage Shenzhen worked on labour -
intensive development supported by the
national opening-up and institutional reforms.
• The early challenge in this stage was to build a
modern and attractive city.
• This early stage mainly attracted foreign
investors for real estate development and low-
value added and labour-intensive industries.
SECOND STAGE
• Shenzhen moved forward to the second stage
from 1992 to 2003.
• The stage when the city reached the lower-
middle position in the global value chain, with a
focus on capital-intensive development.
• The role of high-tech industry and services, with
particular attention on the strategic use of land,
and transportation and infrastructure
development was looked into in this stage.
THIRD STAGE
• From 2003 to 2013
• Shenzhen graduated to the middle of the global
industrial value chain with private high-tech business
formed clusters.
• This new comprehensive plan extended the
development model of the original SEZ to the new
Districts, by promoting the building of a multiple
axes network structure that would have connected
the different parts of the city.
• The main objective at this juncture was to control
development, as the process was more disordered
than expected in the first master plan.
FOURTH STAGE
• From 2013-2021
• After 2013, Shenzhen successfully reached highest
echelon of the global industrial value chain.
• In the year 2019 China designated Shenzhen as
the country's first "pilot demonstration area of
socialism with Chinese characteristics", a special
status to carry out bolder reforms as a model for
other cities.
• Innovative investment enabled rapid growth of
high-tech industries, moving Shenzhen to the
upper reaches of the global industrial chain.
PRESENT SCENARIO AND FUTURE
PLAN
PRESENT SCENARIO
• The large-scale industrial layout by Hong Kong
businesses creates favorable conditions for
Shenzhen’s rapid growth.
• Forcing economic transformation and moving
up to the middle of the global industrial chain.
• The stage of innovation-driven development
moving up to the high reach of global industrial
chain.
• Shenzhen Economic Growth.
Future Plan
LEARNINGS AND LESSONS INIDIAN
CITIES CAN LEARN FROM
SHENZHEN
LEARNINGS
• The size and distance of SEZs matters
• Adopting an effective mixture of fiscal and non-
fiscal incentive
• Proper investments in high quality
infrastructure, and targeted policies for
attracting skilled labour
• Decentralised policies.
• Pollution control and good lifestyle for citizens
• Urbanization
• Space constraints and pollution
• Lessons Indian cities can learn from Shenzhen
REFERENCES
1. http://sezindia.nic.in/
2. https://www.britannica.com/place/Shenzhen
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pzbUi-SYtP8
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X2szjSemxdY
5. https://www.china-briefing.com/news/shenzhen-sez-comprehensive-
pilot-reforms-plan-2020-2025-40-years-anniversary/

6. https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=0a41cfff-259a-4edf-
84ba-4051dfa8c24b

7. https://www.china-briefing.com/news/shenzhen-sez-comprehensive-
pilot-reforms-plan-2020-2025-40-years-anniversary/

8. http://english.www.gov.cn/policies/latestreleases/202010/11/conten
t_WS5f82f813c6d0f7257693d539.html

9. https://new.unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2019/05/story_of_shen
THANK
YOU

SAI RAM