Human Variation

What makes us different?

Ethnicity & Nationality
Nationality
•The identity that is tied to being part of
a nation or country.
Ethnicity
• Smaller cultural groups that share specific
environments, traditions, and histories that
are not necessarily subscribed to by the
mainstream culture.
 Cultural Variation
• Cultural variation refers to the rich diversity in
social practices that different cultures exhibit
around the world.
Each human group experience differing
environmental conditions, cultural
variations are established.
 Maasai of Kenya
▪ wear single layer clothes, which
are meant make them
comfortable despite of hot
climate of the grassland of
africa.
Eskimos in Alaska
▪ eskimos wear layers of
garment made of animal
fur.
 Social Differences
• the differences among the individuals on the basis
of social characteristic and qualities.
 Social Differences
Gender
• socially constructed
rules, behaviors and
activities that a given
society considers
appropriate for men
and women.
 Social Differences
Gender
HETEROSEXUAL
▪ inclined to be sexually
attracted to person of the
opposite sex.
 Social Differences
Gender
HOMOSEXUAL
▪ a person who is sexually
attracted to people of
their own sex.
 Social Differences
Gender
BISEXUAL
▪ some individuals who
are attracted to both
sexes.
 Social Differences
Gender
POLYSEXUAL
▪ individual who are
attracted to multiple
type of gender.
 Social Differences
Gender
Transgender
▪ People whose identities
do not match their
biological identity as
male or female.
 Social Differences
Socio-economic Class
▪ the concept of socio-economic class varies
between societies as the ideas associated
with being poor or rich differ based on the
collective experiences of individuals.
 Social Differences
Political Identity
▪refers to the set of attitudes and
practices that an individual adheres to in
relation to the political system and
actors to his or her society.
 Social Differences
Religion
▪ It is the bridge that connects between the
believer and the one believed in.
▪ a particular system of faith and worship.
 Social Differences
Exceptionality
▪ it refers to the state of being intellectually gifted
and/or mentally or physically challenged
conditions.
 Social Change
• is defined by any change to a society as a
whole. It follows the idea that society is a
constantly changing entity rather than
stagnant.
 Causes for Social Changes
1. Culture

•culture is a
system that
constantly loses
and gains
components.
 Causes for Social Changes
Sources of Cultural Change

A. Invention
▪ produce new products
and ideas.
 Causes for Social Changes
Sources of Cultural Change

B. Discovery
▪ finding something that
has never has never
been found.
 Causes for Social Changes
Sources of Cultural Change

C. Diffusion
▪ the spreading of the ideas
and objects to other
societies.
▪ this would involve trading,
migration and mass
communication.
 Causes for Social Changes
2. Conflict

• A conflict is a clash of
interest. The basis of
conflict may vary but, it is
always a part of society.
 Causes for Social Changes
3. Idealistic Factor

•idealistic factors
involves values, beliefs
and ideologies.
 Causes for Social Changes
4. The Need of Adaptation

•the need for adaptation within

social systems.
 Causes for Social Changes
5. Environmental Factors

• change can be through

the impact of
environmental factors
such as drought and
famine.
 Causes for Social Changes
6. Demographic Change

• occurs from an increase in

the population or human
migration between the
areas.