The impact of surface defects

on the polarization switching

in BaTiO3 nanoparticles
Nikita A. Emelianov, Kursk State University, Russia
Jose Angel Roldan Lopez, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Peru
Gustavo Roberto Rojas AlegriaUniversidad Nacional de Trujillo, Peru
 Ferroelectrics in devices
Physical effect/property Application
Ferroelectric hysteresis Memory
High permittivity's Capacitors
Direct/converse Sensors
piezoelectric effect
Pyroelectric effects Uncooled infra-red
detectors
Nonlinear optic effects Laser frequency doubling
Holographic information
storage
from Y. Garbovskiy, O. Zribi and A. Glushchenko, Emerging Applications of Ferroelectric
Nanoparticles in Materials Technologies, Biology and Medicine in Advances in Ferroelectrics (ed.
A. Peláiz Barranco), InTech, 2012). – P. 475-497. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/52516

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Hysteresis loop P(E) Hysteresis loop S(E)
(converse piezoelectric effect)

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 Size effect Surface and structural defects (oxygen
vacancy and other)

Adam et al. J. Am. Cer. Soc. 96 (2013)

Hoshina et al. J. Appl. Phys. 99 (2006) 2[OHo] – V”Ba
2 [OHo] →O+V”o+H2O

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Ab initio calculates:
Host Ti-O bonds are found to be significantly Experiment:
weakened around the hydrogen impurity. Our Extraction of hydroxyl ions, in
study shows that the bulk ferroelectric particular the lattice OH, increases the
polarization augments to 1.27. dielectric constant
of the powder.

J. Chimborazo et al.  Proceedings of SPIE - The R. Kota and B. I. Lee J Mater Sci: Mater
International Society for Optical Engineering Electron (2007) 18:1221–1227
5122 · (2003)

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IR-spectra of BaTiO3 nanoparticles, obtained by peroxide synthesys:
Annealed at 700 °С – black line; at 1000 °С – red line

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 Aim: investigate the influence of impurity defects (eg, hydroxyl groups) on
the polarization switching in BaTiO3 nanoparticles.

PFM set-up in scanning probe microscope

Solver Next
AFM Solver Next (NT-MDT,
Russia)
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AFM image and the piezoelectric response of BaTiO 3 nanoparticle with size 30 nm.

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AFM image and the piezoelectric response of BaTiO 3 nanoparticle with size 70 nm.
Coefficient of effective piezoresponce d*eff= 27 pm/V

Z. Deng, Y. Dai, W. Chen, X. Pei, J. Liao Synthesis and Characterization of Bowl-Like Single-crystalline
BaTiO3 Nanoparticles // Nanoscale Research Letters. – 2010. – Vol. 5. – P. 1217–1221.

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First and repeated cycles of polarization
switching in the BaTiO3 nanoparticle with
size 70 nm. As seen in Fig., repeated
cycles of polarization switching are a
decrease of asymmetric hysteresis loops.
This may be due to the redistribution of
the charged defects under the influence of
an external electric field.

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Spectroscopic PFM study of a single PbTiO3 nanorod, obtained by
hydrothermal synthesis (P. M. Rørvik Synthesis of ferroelectric
nanostructures: doctoral thesis – Trondheim, Norwegian University of
Science and Technology, 2008. – 151 p.)

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Conclusions

1.The presence of the piezoelectric hysteresis loop, obtained by

the piezoelectric force microscopy confirms the presence of
polydomen ferroelectric structure in BaTiO3 nanoparticle with
size 70 nm.

2.Obtained asymmetric shapes of the hysteresis loops may be due

to the presence of charged surface defects, such as hydroxyl
groups. This assumption is indirectly confirmed by the
disappearance of the asymmetry of the hysteresis loop with
repeated cycles of polarization switching. This is due to
redistribution of defects on the surface and in the structure of the
nanoparticle in the cyclical electric field.

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Acknowledgments:
The authors are grateful to Rector of Universidad
Nacional de Trujillo Dr. Orlando Gonzales Nieves and
Rector of Kursk State University Dr. Alexander N.
Khudin for the organization of scientific cooperation
.

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Thank you for attention

jroldanl@yahoo.es