第七组

杨淑敏
李星泽
聂敏
张艺翰
Part 01
杨淑敏
●legitimate ：合法的，正当的，
和自然法关系比较紧密
●legal ：合法的
●natural law ：自然法
●positive law ：实证法
●sun set
●BIT 中的日落条款，过渡条款
 WTO 相关内容

●ministerial conference
●WTO 部长级会议
●General Council 总理事会
●WTO Appellate Body 上诉机构，类似法
院
●The panel procedure of WTO
●专家组程序，类似仲裁程序
●consensus ：一致同意
●reverse consensus ：反向一致， WTO
争端解决机构适用
●geographical competition 地缘竞争
●sanction 制裁
●The Calvo Doctrine
●卡尔沃主义
●Hull Formula
●赫尔公式：征收的标准：
prompt, adequate, and
effective （及时充分有效）
Part 02
聂敏
 Case
Fedax NV v. Republic of Venezuela
1 Fedax is a Dutch corporation operating in
Venezuela. Having performed services for
a creditor of the Venezuelan government,
期票、债务票据
the corporation was paid by means of the
债权人、贷方
creditor’s endorsing its debt instruments to
Fedax. As possessor of the promissory
notes, Fedax objected to Venezuela’s
refusal to pay either the interest or the
principal on the notes. 本金、资金
 使开始、使发生、唆使、
1 Fedax instigated an 煽动
arbitration in 1996,
claiming that their right to the value of the
notes had been expropriated by the
government’s
征收、征用、剥夺 actions. Venezuela objected to
jurisdiction on the grounds that the promissory
notes did not qualify as an investment. The
tribunal had to analyze whether financial
instruments—not an economic activity—
nevertheless fulfill the characteristics of the
term ‘investment’ and whether the text of the
38The record shows that Venezuela does
not contend that such an exclusion would
be appropriate. It follows that the issue for
decision is focused not in the nature of the
underlying service背书、票据 transaction but in
whether the subsequent endorsement of
the notes to foreign holders somehow
requires the Tribunal to treat the matter as
one falling outside the concept of foreign
38The status of the promissory notes under the Law
of Public Credit is also important as evidence that
the type of investment involved is not merely a
short term, occasional financial arrangement, such
热钱、流浪资金、短期资本
as could happen with investments that come in for
quick gains and leave immediately thereafter—i.e.
‘volatile capital.’ The basic features of an
investment have been described as involving a
certainduration, a certain regularity of profit and
return, assumption of risk, a substantial
commitment and a significance for the host State’s
Part 03
张艺瀚
Hussein Nuaman Soufraki v. United Arab Emirates
1

interpret
法律解释
1

pass upon
决定
1

certificate of
nationality 国籍证明书
1
habitual abode
习惯住所

discharge one's burden of proof

承担举证责任
shall ： 有法律义务，必须做
As used in statutes and similar instruments, this
word is generally imperative or mandatory. ----
Black’s Law Dictionary

should ： 可做，可不做
古旧词语的使用（ 3 ） hereto
此处（的
●The waiver by either party hereto of a breach or default of any
xxx ）
provision of this Agreement by the other party hereto will not be
construed as a waiver of any succeeding breach or default of
the same or any other provision, nor will any delay or omission
on the part of either party hereto to exercise or avail itself of
any right, power or privilege that it has, or may have hereunder,
operate as a waiver of any right, power or privilege by such
party.
● 本协议任何一方放弃追究另一方违反或不履行本协议相关规定的行为，不得视为放弃追究以后违反或不履行相同或任何其他规定的责任，同时， 协 议一 方延迟
行使或未行使其在 本 协议项下 的任 何权利、权力或特权，并不构成对这些权利、权力或特权的放弃。 
古旧词语的使用（ 5 ） herein
于此
● Other than that stated herein, all provisions of law and of the Company's Bye-laws
relating to proceedings of the Board shall apply mutatis mutandis to proceedings of the
Remuneration Committee.

● 除非本文文義另有所指，凡有關董事局議事程序之法律法規及本公司細則 法規，細節上作出修改
後乃適用於薪酬委員會之議事程序。 
谢谢大家
杨淑敏
李星泽
聂敏
张艺瀚