Group 10

Graft and Corruption

Charyz Shyne Liclican

Lennard Ryan Dalisay
Angela Mae Ganotice
John Patrick Ronario
Definition

• Graft is a form of political corruption that involves the misdirection of

public funds by a government official for the benefit of private interests.

• It is a specific type of corruption whereby an official uses his public

stature to gain illegal benefit.
Definition

• Corruption is the abuse of entrusted power for private gain.

• It erodes trust, weakens democracy, hampers economic development and
further exacerbates inequality, poverty, social division and the environmental
crisis.
 Definition
• Politicians, government officials, public servants, business people or members
of the public.
• Corruption adapts to different contexts and changing circumstances. It can
evolve in response to changes in rules, legislation and even technology.

• Corruption can take many forms, and can include behaviors like:

- public servants demanding or taking money or favors in exchange for services.

- politicians misusing public money or granting public jobs or contracts to their sponsors, friends and families,

- corporations bribing officials to get lucrative deals

 Conventional Corruption
• Grand
• Petty

Unconventional Corruption
 History
• The Philippines entered the Guinness Book of World Records in the late 1980s for supposedly the biggest
corruption of all time, mentioning the period of the former President, Ferdinand Marcos. He was ousted by
a bloodless people’s power revolution in February 1986 from his twenty-year presidency. Kleptocracy and
Plunder became part of the Filipino’s political vocabulary and discourse.

• The Ombudsman claimed that the government lost P1.4 trillion and continues to lose P100M daily since
the Office began investigating corruption in government in 1988.

• President Joseph Estrada pointed out that at least P24.13 B of what the Philippine government spent last
year for various projects was lost to graft and corruption, or barely 20% of all project funds are lost to
grafters.
 History
• Corruption cases received by Sandiganbayan, an anti-graft court which has jurisdiction over high-ranking
officials, around 10,094 cases of malversation and 7,968 cases of graft have been filed against public
officials, making up for about 53.59% of the 33,772 corruption cases received from 1979 to November
2016.

• Corruption Rank in Philippines averaged 95.59 from 1995 until 2021, reaching an all time high of 141 in
2008 and a record low of 36 in 1995.
 Law
To address the problem of bribery and corruption, the government uses legal measures and anti-corruption
agencies.
• The 1987 Philippine Constitution Section 1 of Article XI, "Accountability of Public Officers". The
President, Vice President, members of the constitutional commissions, and the ombudsman are all
subject to impeachment for bribery, graft, and corruption, according to Section II of the same article.

• Republic Act No. 3019 (The Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act of 1960).
• Section 1 of Article XI of the 1987 Constitution is reiterated in Executive Order No. 292 of the
Administrative Code of 1987.
• The Republic Act No. 7055 (An Act Strengthening Civilian Supremacy over the Military).

• Republic Act No. 7080 (The Act Defining and Penalizing the Crime of Plunder).
 Law
• Republic Act No. 824 (The Act Further Defining the Jurisdiction of the Sandiganbayan).

• Presidential Decree No. 46.

• Presidential Decree No. 677.
• Presidential Decree No. 749.
Conclusion
• Keep the public sector honest, transparent and accountable

• Understand the law and the other regulations

• Stop dishonest practices
• Vote for the right leader
 References:
• https://pssc.org.ph/wp-content/pssc-archives/Philippine%20Journal%20of%20Public
%20Administration/1979/Num%203-4/06_Historical%20Notes%20on%20Graft%20and
%20Corruption%20in%20the%20Phils..pdf?fbclid=IwAR16uNePUm9HgMPUAqoe1giI-U8dUc-lcw-
9Loj4YnRQ5MAUa37BDNCI-FE

• https://tradingeconomics.com/philippines/corruption-rank?
fbclid=IwAR2bZ48KWARcyIAhdmf3C6DnkW8r0iMOMMshl5aYtXnOQ4kan6Q1r6Gifis
• https://correctphilippines.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Graft-and-Corruption-in-the-Philippines-
2.pdf?fbclid=IwAR2xB0yCzGG2EsHlvxfl2ziqUXvIDxDv17M2fZ9JdPUNOCtPfM9Jeu_0FZQ

• https://www.unafei.or.jp/publications/pdf/GG12/21_GG12_CP_Philippines.pdf?
fbclid=IwAR1yq3DKmfEbeeXx1sQCvSeGT0ROIHW1vHS1RLQdpkzrBnRouxaU7c5Xm6s
• https://www.slideshare.net/JUANPAOLOARANAS/graft-corruption-in-the-government?
fbclid=IwAR2dbr94-gyNLfEsqWZjct038_83b_ly6QncO7P6Lk05raqDmVg7BCsw6Mo
References:
• https://www.transparency.org/en/what-is-corruptionhttps://www.transparency.org/en/what-is-
corruption?fbclid=IwAR14J982gISfdYYAIRg7yYbIyjsqzU7mYD6FzE5NRrbXo6FrGEW1QuLHqDQ