Constitution of India

22 Parts
395 Articles
12 Schedules
 1.What Is Constitution Anyway?
Role of Constitution in relationship between Government and its
people:-
CONSTITUTION

GOVERNMENT THE PEOPLE

LEGISLATIVE Makes Laws

JUDICIARY Interprets
Laws
EXECUTIVE Enforces Laws
 3.The Framing of Constitution of India.

Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha was the first president (temporary) of the

Constituent Assembly when it met on December 9, 1946. Later, Dr.
Rajendra Prasad became the President of the Constituent Assembly and
Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar became the Chairman of its drafting committee
on December 11,1946 .

First president (temporary) Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha (Left) on December 9, 1946. Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(Middle) the President of the Constituent Assembly and Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar (Right) the Chairman of
its drafting committee as on December 11,1946 .
 3.The Framing of Constitution of India.
Borrowed features of constitution of India
1.From U.K. - Nominal Head – President, Cabinet System of Ministers, Post of PM,
Parliamentary Type of Govt., Bicameral Parliament, Lower House more powerful, Council
of Ministers responsible to Lower House, Provision of Speaker in Lok Sabha.

2.From U.S.A- Written constitution, Appointment of Vice President, Fundamental Rights,

Supreme court,
Head of the state known as president, Provision of states, Judicial review

3.From Australia- Concurrent List, Centre-State relationship, Language of the Preamble

4.From USSR(now Russia)- Fundamental Duties, Five year plan

5.From Germany- Emergency provisions

6.From Japan- Law on which the Supreme Court functions

7.From Canada- Federal System and Residuary powers

8.From South Africa- Procedure of constitutional amendment

9.From Ireland- Concept of Directive Principles of state policy.

4.The Preamble to Constitution of India.
The Preamble to the Constitution of India is a brief introductory
statement that sets out the guiding purpose and principles of the
document.
 Preamble
The preamble to the Constitution states: WE, THE PEOPLE
OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India
into a [SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC
1

REPUBLIC] and to secure to all its citizens:

JUSTICE, social, economic and political;
LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;
EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote
among them all;
FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the
unity and integrity of the Nation;
IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY THIS TWENTY-SIX DAY
1 Subs. by OF NOVEMBER,
the Constitution 1949, DO
(Forty-second Amendment) HEREBY
Act, 1976, ADOPT,
s. 2, for “SOVEREIGN ENACT
DEMOCRATIC AND(w.e.f. 3-1-1977).
REPUBLIC”

GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION.

 Structure of the Constitution
Unitary Federal
Dual Government Single Government
Written Constitution May be written or Unwritten
Division of Powers No Division of Powers
Supremacy of the Constitution May or may not be supreme
Independent judiciary May or May not be Independent
Bicameral legislature Unicameral Legislature

Unitary Federal
Topic Detailed Explanation

Sovereign Having the highest power of being completely Independent.

Socialist The set of Beliefs that states all people are Equal and should be share
equally in country’s money, or the political system based on these
beliefs.
Secular Not having any connection with Religion.

Republic The supreme most authority of the country is elected by the people.
(गणतंत्र) For. Example- Prime Minister of India is elected by the people
Democracy In Greek Democracy is called “Demos”. Demos means “Rule of People”.
(लोकतंत्र)
Abraham Lincoln said ‘ Democracy means Government of the People,
by the People and for the People’.

Example – Japan and Britain, Japan and England are PURE DEMOCRCY,
India and US are Democratic Republic.

Enactment date – 26 Nov. 1949

Democracy Enforcement Date – 26 Jan 1950
Republic
Janta ki
demand,
Political
requirement