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NiTi Files

1) The document discusses nickel-titanium (NiTi) endodontic files. NiTi files were originally developed in 1963 and were first used in dentistry for orthodontic wires in the 1970s due to their shape memory and flexibility. 2) NiTi files are made of 55% nickel and 45% titanium. They exist in two phases - austenitic and martensitic - which gives them superelastic properties. Commonly used rotary NiTi file systems include ProTaper, Hero, K3, and Twisted Files. 3) NiTi files are effective for shaping both straight and curved root canals due to their ability to negotiate curvatures without plastic deformation. They

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Sayoojya M
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127 views9 pages

NiTi Files

1) The document discusses nickel-titanium (NiTi) endodontic files. NiTi files were originally developed in 1963 and were first used in dentistry for orthodontic wires in the 1970s due to their shape memory and flexibility. 2) NiTi files are made of 55% nickel and 45% titanium. They exist in two phases - austenitic and martensitic - which gives them superelastic properties. Commonly used rotary NiTi file systems include ProTaper, Hero, K3, and Twisted Files. 3) NiTi files are effective for shaping both straight and curved root canals due to their ability to negotiate curvatures without plastic deformation. They

Uploaded by

Sayoojya M
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

NiTi files

SAYOOJYA M
FIRST YEAR MDS STUDENT
DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS
INTRODUCTION
 Nickel –Titanium was originally developed by Naval Ordnance Laboratory in 1963 and
was given generic name “Nitinol”.

 In Dentistry it was first used by Andreasen and Hilleman in the manufacture of


orthodontic wires due to its low modulus of elasticity ,shape memory effect and
superflexibility.

 Civjan et al were the first to conceptualize the fabrication of endodontic instruments


from NiTIi alloy in 1975.

 Later in 1988 Walia,Brantley and Gerstein introduced the first hand held NiTi
endodontic instruments ,made by machining orthodontic wire.
Composition and physical properties

 Nickel -55%

 Titanium-45%

 The NiTi intermetallic compound can exist in different crystal structures-austenitic

phase(BCC) and martensite phase (Hexagonal closed pack structure(HCP)

 Austenitic NiTi-High temperature ,low stress form

Martensitic NiTi-Low temperature,high stress form

 This superelastic alloy doesnot exhibit proportional strain under stress until a specific
NICKEL TITANIUM ENDODONTIC
INSTRUMENTS
 NiTi files are manufactured from nickel-titanium wire that is ground to give the
typical profile of a K-file.
 NiTi-file is effective both in rotating motion and in filing motion (up and down
movement).
 The tip of the instrument is non-cutting ('bat-tip') which makes the NiTi-file well
suited for the preparation of curved canals without the risk of ledge formation
 Niti File: Sizes & Codes
 NiTi-files come in sizes 15 - 60, all with a taper of 0.02. K-file design is
identified
by the square symbol on the handle.
 NiTi-files can be best distinguished from normal K-files by the code that in
NiTi-files is printed with two colors.
Commonly available rotary nickel-
titanium endodontic file systems K3
PROFILE PROTAPER HERO

 Light speed

USES FLEXMASTER
Twisted files
NiTiflex-file is suited to be used both in straight canals as
well as in curved canals. Hero
The NiTiflex-file prepares dentin both in filing motion (up and down) and when
rotated.
ADVANTAGE

 Unique ability to negotiate curvatures during continuous rotation without undergoing plastic
deformation. NiTi-files are super-elastic and always return to their original shape (= elastic memory)
 Corrosion resistant
 Low modulus of elasticity
 biocompatibility

Disadvantage
Difficult or impossible to detect weakened structure by visual observation. Fracture risk is best
controlled by correct use and by using instrument no more than 10 times.
CONCLUSION

Instruments made from nickel titanium has added new dimension to the practice
of [Link] files can be used in both curved and straight canals.
References

 Cohens pathway of pulp 12 edition


 GROSSMANS ENDODONTIC PRACTICE 14 EDITION
 PHILIPS SCIENCE OF DENTAL MATERIALS
 Materials used in dentistry –S MAHALAXMI
THANK YOU..

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