Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's 

Successor of the Unfinished term of

Estrada (An analysis)
 - GMA politics and Governance
“I have no
Grandiose dream to
become a President,
but I want to be a
Good President”
-Gloria Macapagal Arroyo?
 Who is
Gloria Macapagal
Arroyo?
Maria Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal Arroyo
  Born April 5, 1947

 Often referred to by her initials 

PGMA and GMA
 Arroyo’s father, Diosdado P.
Macapagal, was the president of the
Philippines from 1961 to 1965 and
her mother Evangelina Macaraeg
Macapagal.
Maria Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal Arroyo

 She is the sister of Diosdado

"Boboy" Macapagal Jr.
 She has two older siblings from
her father's first marriage with
Purita de la Rosa, the sister of 
Rogelio de la Rosa,
 Arturo Macapagal and Cielo
Macapagal Salgado.
 She was raised mostly in 
Lubao, Pampanga and during
summer vacations, she lived
with her maternal grandmother
in Iligan City.

 She is a polyglot, fluent in

English, Filipino and several
other languages.
She moved with her family
into Malacañang Palace in
Manila. A municipality was
named in her honor, 
Gloria, Oriental Mindoro.
 She attended 
Assumption Convent
 for her elementary
and high school
education,
graduating 
valedictorian 
in 1964
 Arroyo then studied for two years
at Georgetown University's 
Walsh School of Foreign Service in
Washington, D.C. where she was a
classmate of United States
president Bill Clinton. 

 She then earned her Bachelor of

Arts degree in Economics from 
Assumption College San Lorenzo
 graduating magna cum laude in
Maria Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal Arroyo

Person
al Life
 In 1968, Arroyo married
lawyer and businessman
Jose Miguel Arroyo 
of Binalbagan,
Negros Occidental.
 They had 3 children
1. Mikey Arroyo
2.Dato Arroyo
3. Evangeline Lourdes Arroyo
 She received a master's degree
in economics at the Ateneo
de Manila University (1978)
and a Ph.D. in economics from
the 
University of the Philippines
Diliman (1985)
 She held teaching positions
in several schools, including
the University of the
Philippines and the Ateneo
de Manila University.
 She became chairperson of
the Economics Department
at Assumption College.
 In 1987, she was invited by President 
Corazon Aquino to join the government as
assistant secretary of the 
Department of Trade and Industry.
 She was promoted to undersecretary two
years later. In her concurrent position as
executive director of the Garments and Textile
Export Board,
 Arroyo oversaw the rapid growth of the
garment industry in the late 1980s
Senator
 Arroyo entered politics in
the 1992 election, running
for senator. At the first
general election under the
1987 Constitution, the top
twelve vote-getting
senatorial candidates would
win a six-year term, and the
next twelve candidates
would win a three-year
term.
 Arroyo ranked 13th in
the elections, earning
a three-year term. She
was re-elected in 1995
, topping the
senatorial election
with nearly 16 million
votes.
 As a legislator, Arroyo filed
over 400 bills and authored
or sponsored 55 laws during
her tenure as senator,
including the Anti-Sexual
Harassment Law, the
Indigenous People's Rights
Law, and the Export
Development Act
 The 1995 Mining Act, which
allows 100% foreign ownership
of Philippine mines, has come
under fire from left-wing
political groups. Arroyo was
also openly against the
implementation of 
capital punishment in the
country, advocating instead for
better criminal rehabilitation
during her time as Senator
 Vice
Presidency
(1998–2001)
 Arroyo considered a run for
the presidency in the 
1998 election, but was
persuaded by President 
Fidel V. Ramos and leaders of
the administration party Lakas
-NUCD to instead seek the
vice-presidency as the running
mate of its presidential
candidate, House Speaker 
Jose de Venecia, Jr.
 Though the latter lost to
popular former actor 
Joseph Estrada, Arroyo
won the vice presidency by
a large margin, garnering
more than twice the votes
of her closest opponent,
Estrada's running mate
Senator Edgardo Angara.
 Arroyo began her term as
vice president on June 30,
1998, becoming the first
female to hold the post.
 She was appointed by
Estrada to a concurrent
position in the cabinet as 
secretary
of social welfare and develop
ment
 Arroyo resigned from the Cabinet in
October 2000, distancing herself
from Estrada, who was accused of
corruption by a former political
supporter, Chavit Singson, Governor
from Ilocos Sur.
 She had initially resisted pressure
from allies to speak out against
Estrada,but eventually joined calls for
Estrada's resignation.