Professional Documents
Culture Documents
on the Street
Yoshie NOGUCHI,
Senior legal officer, IPEC
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ipec International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour 1
Contents
1. Children “working” on the street
2. General overview on child labour
3. What is child labour (CL), and its
worst forms (WFCL)?
4. Challenges/lessons in addressing
CL and WFCL on the street
5. Data collection: CL on the street
6. Eliminating WFCL by 2016 !
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Children “Working” on the street
Economic activities
selling small objects,
shoe-shining,
portering
Sexual exploitation (prostitution)
Illicit activities
scavenging,
begging
Criminal acts
drug dealing,
pick-pocketing
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Child labour statistics
215million in child
labour, globally
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ILO Global Report 2010
Child labour continues to decline,
[3% decline between 2004-2008]
but more modestly than previously
[10% decline between 2000-2004]
On present trends, the goal of
eliminating the worst forms of child
labour by 2016 will not be reached
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Different trends: girls and boys
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Regional trends
Asia and Pacific – significant reduction down to
96m (14.8 % of children)
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What is Child Labour?
Child labour to be eliminated =
Worst Forms of Child Labour (C182)
and
Work done by a child below the
minimum age for that kind of work
(specified by national law, in line with
C138 and CRC article 32(2))
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Some good practice examples
Listing “street vending” among the hazardous
work and prohibit for children (Lebanon)
Comprehensive rehabilitation for girls on the
street and/or at risk of sexual exploitation
(Russian Federation)
Mobile schools: facilitating the transition from
street to school (Romania)
Mobilizing public action by raising awareness
among teachers and students (Paraguay) –
SCREAM (Supporting Children’s Rights through
Education, the Arts and the Media) methods
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Some lessons learned
Clearly define “what is not acceptable” in labour,
criminal, or children’s rights or other laws;
Consider and address difficulties of enforcement
Raise awareness among stakeholders of the specific
risks [of working street girls]; thus help raise the issue
higher on the political agenda
Gradually prepare the children for social / family
integration
Involve government entities from the beginning, giving
them ownership
Mobilize children and young people; conveying the
message to the public (families, community and
institutions) and also the business community
Respect and adapt to the socio-economic and cultural
characteristics of each country and each community
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Child labour statistics
SIMPOC* (Statistical Information and
Monitoring Programme on Child
Labour) help countries in :
household-based surveys,
establishment-based surveys,
baseline surveys, and
rapid assessments
[* www.ilo.org/ipec/ChildlabourstatisticsSIMPOC ]
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Child labour statistics (2)
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Rapid Assessment
Methodology jointly developed by ILO
and UNICEF
Especially useful for some WFCL
Qualitative information obtained
through a rapid assessment will
apply with certainty only to the limited
sample population and context
[See: manuals available on SIMPOC website]
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Capture-Recapture method
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Ethical considerations in
child labour data collection
The best interest of the child
Pre-research issues
Assess the safety risk to the child of
participating in the survey (and to the
researchers): especially for children
exploited in / by organize crime
Informed consent for all interviews;
in a child-sensitive way; with the right
to say “No” at any time
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Ethical considerations in
child labour data collection (2)
Issues during research
Language and logic: to avoid jargon and
adapted to each child (age, sex, culture…)
Trust: to be built patiently on relationship
Conditions of listening: carefully, with
positive and neutral expression
Pay and promises: consider carefully
Post –research issues
Right to privacy / sharing info & outcome
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Accelerating action against child labour
an increased global effort
to tackle child labour and
enhanced Government
commitment
reach out to children at
special risk:
e.g. on the street !
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Further measures
international cooperation
social dialogue and cooperation
= Partnership with business and trade unions
advocacy and mobilisation
decent work for youth/adults
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The Global Action Plan
Eliminating the worst forms of
child labour by 2016 !
Roadmap 2010 (The Hague)
Attention: children on the street
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Thank you for your attention !
International Programme on the
Elimination of Child Labour
E-mail: ipec@ilo.org
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