Recreational water activity

Kayaking sports

RECREATIONAL MANAGEMENT
(HSM3044)
 LEARNING OUTCOME
At the end of the class, student will be
able to:

 Understand the anatomy of kayak.

 Understand the importance to water safety.
 Know the correct paddling techniques.
 Able to memorize paddling signals.
 INTRODUCTION
• A small human-powered boat that traditionally has a covered deck,
and one or more cockpits, each seating one paddler who strokes a
double-bladed paddle.

• The cockpit is covered by a spraydeck that keeps the inside of the

boat dry.

• The spray deck or similar waterproof covering attaches securely to

the edges of the cockpit, preventing the entry of water from waves
or spray, and making it possible, in some boats, to roll the kayak,
capsizing and righting the boat without it filling with water or
ejecting the passenger.

• Some modern kayaks eliminate cockpits, seating the paddler on top

of the boat or replace paddles with other propulsion methods.
• Its was invented and first used by the native Ainu, Aleut and Eskimo
hunters in sub-Arctic regions of northeastern Asia, North Africa and
Greenland.

• In some parts of the world, such as the United Kingdom, kayaks are
referred to as canoes and vice versa.

• Inuit/Eskimo Kayaks are a type of a generic class of boat of Canoe

Shape.

• Continental European and British canoeing clubs and associations of

the 19th Century used craft similar to kayaks, but referred to them as
canoes.

• This explains the naming of the International and National

Governing bodies of the sport of Canoeing.
 HISTORY
• Originally developed by indigenous Arctic people, who used
the boats to hunt on inland lakes, rivers and coastal waters of
the Arctic Ocean, North Atlantic, Bering Sea and North
Pacific oceans.

• These first kayaks were constructed from stitched animal seal

or other skins stretched over a wooden frame (made from
driftwood, since many of their habitats were treeless).
 TYPES OF KAYAK
Modern kayaks have evolved into specialized types that may
be broadly categorized according to their application as:

 sea kayaks, whitewater kayaks, surf kayaks, and racing

kayaks, and hybrids, broadly labeled recreational kayaks.
 1. Arctic kayaks

Arctic kayaks are the boats that all kayaks today are based on.

2. Sit-On -top kayak

Sit-on-top kayaks are ideal for beginners.

 3. Surf skis / Wave skis kayaks

Surf skis / wave skis are small kayaks that are used for surfing
the waves.

4. Wooden Kayak

Save money and look into building your own wooden kayaks.
 5. Fiberglass kayaks

Fiberglass kayaks are lighter and more versatile than other types of kayaks.

6. Recreation kayak

There are so many different kinds of recreational kayaks that there is almost
literally something for everybody. .
 7. Slalom Kayak

Slalom kayaks are just a form of whitewater racing kayak.

8. Sprint Kayak

Sprint kayaks are harder to keep upright than regular kayaks.

 9. Surf Kayak

Surf kayaks are great for anybody who wants to try a new form of surfing.

10. Touring kayak

Touring kayaks are sturdy enough to take on sea kayaking trips.

 11. Sea kayak

Sea kayaking is the right activity for people who are looking for an adventure that is still
fairly safe.

12. Flatwater Kayak

Flatwater kayaking is easier and better to learn than any other type of kayaking.
 13. White water kayak

Whitewater kayaking is an extreme form of kayaking.

ANATOMY OF KAYAK
WATER SAFETY
 Beat the Odds - Wear Your PFD
• Most drownings occur way out at sea, right?

• Wrong! Fact is, 9 out 0f 10 drownings occur in inland waters,

most within a few feet of safety.

• Most of the victims owned PFDs, but they died without them. A wearable
PFD can save your life, if you wear it.
•One more thing. Before you shove off, make sure all on board are wearing
PFDs.

•To work best, PFDs must be worn with all straps, zippers, and ties
fastened. Tuck in any loose strap ends to avoid getting hung-up.

•When you don't wear your PFD, the odds are against you. You're taking a
chance on your life.
 KNOW YOUR PFD
REFLECTOR

WHISTLE

GROIN
BUCKLE
BUCKLE
OFF-SHORE LIFE JACKET (TYPE 1 PFD)

DESCRIPTION ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGE SIZES

S
Best for open, Floats you the Bulky. Two sizes to fit
rough or remote best. Turns most most children and
water, where unconscious adults
rescue may be wearers face-up in
slow coming. water. Highly
visible color.
 Near-Shore Buoyant Vest ( Type II PFD)

DESCRIPTIO ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES SIZE

N
Good for calm, Turns some unconscious May be uncomfortable wearing for Infant,
inland water, or wearers face-up in water. extended periods. Will not turn as child-
where there is Less bulky, more many people face-up as a Type I PFD small,
good chance for comfortable than Off- will. In rough water, a wearer's face child-
fast rescue. Shore Life Jacket (Type I may often be covered by waves. Not medium,
PFD). Compromise for extended survival in rough water. and adult.
between Type I PFD
performance and wearer
comfort.
 Flotation Aid (Type III PFD)

DESCRIPTION ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES SIZE

Good for calm, inland Generally the most comfortable Not for rough water. Many
water, or where there type for continuous wear. Freedom Wearer may have to tilt individual
is good chance of fast of movement for water skiing, head back to avoid face- sizes from
rescue. small boat sailing, fishing, etc. down position in water. Child-Small
Available in many styles, through
including vests and flotation coats. Adult
 Throwable Device (Type IV PFD)

DESCRIPTION ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES KINDS

For calm, inland Can be thrown to Not for unconscious Cushions,
water with heavy someone. Good persons. Not for rings, and
boat traffic, where back-up to wearable nonswimmers or children. horseshoe
help is always PFDs. Some can be Not for many hours in buoys.
nearby. used as seat rough water.
cushions.
 Special Use Devices (Type V PFD)

• Only for special uses or conditions. See label for

limits of use. Varieties include boardsailing vests,
deck suits, work vests, hybrid PFDs, and others.
• Advantages - Made for specific activities.
Hybrid Inflatable Device (Type V)

DESCRIPTION ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGE PERFORMANCE

S LEVEL
Required to be worn Least bulky of all May not adequately Equal to either Type I,
to be counted as a types. High flotation float some wearers II, or III performance
regulation PFD. when inflated. Good unless partially as noted on the label.
for continuous wear. inflated. Requires
active use and care of
inflation chamber.
 Caring for Your
PFD
Follow these points to be sure your PFD stays in good condition:

• Don't alter your PFD. If yours doesn't fit, get one that does. Play it safe. An
altered PFD may not save your life.

• Don't put heavy objects on your PFD or use it for a kneeling pad or boat fender.
PFDs lose buoyancy when crushed.

• Let your PFD drip dry thoroughly before putting it away. Always store it in a
well-ventilated place.
•Don't leave your PFD on board for long periods when the boat is not in use.
•Never dry your PFD on a radiator, heater, or any other direct heat source.

•Put your name on your PFD if you're the only wearer.

•Practice throwing your Type IV PFD. Cushions throw best underhand.

 Checking Your PFD
• Check your PFD often for rips, tears, and holes, and to see that seams, fabric straps,
and hardware are good.

• There should be no signs of water logging, mildew odor, or shrinkage of the buoyant
materials.

• If your PFD uses bags of kapok (a naturally buoyant material), gently squeeze the
bag to check for air leaks.

• If it leaks, it should be thrown away.

• When kapok gets wet, it can get stiff or waterlogged and can lose some of its
buoyancy.

• Don't forget to test each PFD at the start of each season.

• Remember, the lay says your PFDs must be in good shape before you use your
boat.

• Ones that are not in good shape should be cut up and thrown away.
 Buoyancy Aid & Life jacket
BUOYANCY AID
• Buoyancy Aid is a garment or
device with an inherently
(naturally) buoyant material that
helps the wearer to remain afloat
when in the water.
LIFE JACKET
• Lifejacket is a garment or device
that, when used in the water will
provide a specific amount of
buoyancy. So, as to position and
maintain an incapacitated (put out
of action) wearer with his/her
airway clear of the water, and
increase the like hood of his/her
rescue.
 DIFFERENCES
BUOYANCY AID
• Buoyancy Aid is intended to help
you stay on the surface. On its
own without your contribution, it
will not help you under all
circumstances.
LIFEJACKET
• Lifejacket, if properly worn and
in good condition, keep your
airway clear of water, even if you
are unconscious. Lifejacket can
provide either 100 or 150 Newton
(without gravity) of buoyancy;
your choice should be based on
what kind of seas or lake you
intend to travel.
 ANATOMY OF KAYAK

05/19/2023 33
 How To Carry Kayak

2
Rescue Techniques
Self Rescue

H Rescue

HI Rescue
 Paddling Techniques
• Forward / Back Stroke
• Forward Sweep Stroke
• Reverse Sweep Stroke
• Alternate Combination 360
• Draw Stroke
 Signals In Kayak
• Stop
• Rafts
• Direction of Travel Arrow
• Call Off
• Emergency
 SAFETY TIPS
• Never boat alone. There should be a minimum of three boats
• Know how to swim
• Know your ability
• Wear your life jackets or PFD
• Wear the appropriate clothing
• Know the river
• Always kneel. Kneeling lowers the center of gravity
• Learn and practice proper paddling techniques under
complete supervision
• Be prepared to swim any rapid you attempt to paddle
 QUIZ
Label the anatomy of kayak.

B
C D E
A

I H G
F
 References
Dickert, W., Rounds, J., Brown, S., Sbas, R. (2005). Basic
Kayaking: All Skills And Gear You Need To Get Started.
Mechanicsburg, PA. Stackpole Books.

Taff, M. A. M., Yassim, M. M., Abbas, D. (2014). Manual

Rekreasi Luar Kebangsaan, Kementerian Belia dan Sukan,
Putrajaya: Unipress Printer.

Taff, M. A. M. (2011). Manual Pendidikan Kanu Kebangsaan.

3rd Ed. UPSI, Perak: Nur Niaga Sdn Bhd.