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T F

F
F
at least 2 languages

T T

F
2 or more languages
T
V: tense, aspect, voice, mood
N: person, gender, number, case

T
T
F

T
F
at least 3 languages --> 2 auxilaries --> not all the auxilaries.
1 tense (the first from the left to right)
F

F
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F
T

2 or more languages
SF: syntactic functions
T adjunct: word, clause, phrase
adjunct: word --> adverbial
adjunct phrase --> adverbial phrase

F
T

nhanh là compliment
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F
T

T
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F
subject, predicate, object, 1st 2nd 3rd pronouns,....

- stimulus: communicative need


- response: utterance (in the 2nd/foreign language)
C.A can predict what aspects of L2 might cause problems for the learners due to L1 interference (i.e.
interlingual errors which account for about 1/3 or so of total learner errors).

It is not true. A language can be calssified into different language group based on the
language features.
Vietnamese can be group into Analytic/isolating category or “tone” languages group
Two main divisions of lexical C.A: (chỉ cần nói tên là dc)
- Lexical morphology: studies the form & changes in the form of lexemes of a language
- Lexical semantics: studies (a) the meanings & changes in the meanings of lexemes through time; (b) the
relations between the lexemes of a language.

- A morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit of a word in a language.


- A lexeme is the set of all the inflected forms of a single word. (or is a
lexical item which can occur in diferent forms)
E.g.:
Giáo viên - Teacher | Nhạc sĩ - Musician | artist - nghệ sĩ | singer - ca sĩ |
siêu thị - supermarket
bất hợp pháp - illegally

bóng bàn -
hải cẩu -
cao nguyên -
Syntagmatic semantic relationship: Collocation (words go within a syntactic order)
Paradigmatic semantic relationship: Synonymy;Antonymy; Hyponymy (phải parallel in form)

ko thể tìm dc từ thay thế để dịch --> phải có 2 ngôn ngữ


2 languages, can not find the equivelance terms --> gap
Lexical field: referring to a group of related words or phrases organized into a system within which each
item interrelates with & may define the other items. (word phải relate)
filll the gap by describing and explaining --> analytic expression
Em chào cô ạ. Em thưa cô, cô cho em hỏi ạ. Trong slide ghi là “closely linked to hyponymy is
the notion of lexical field?” thì em đang phân vân không biết giữa hyponymy và lexical field
có gap không ạ? Và em thấy những items trong lexical field như ở ví dụ có thể được gọi là
cohyponyms. Em hiểu như vậy có đúng không ạ? Em cảm ơn cô ạ.

All the possible vocal items that are considered cohyponyms are in the same lexical field of
a language. Lexical gap is another concept when there is not a ready-made word in
ANOTHER language that can be considered an equivalent of the word in the source
language.

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