COMPASS™ Software

Leandro Boasquevisque

LeandroMongin.Boasquevisque@halliburton.com
Part Number 220024B
 DID YOU KNOW
YOU MIGHT BE ASLEEP AT THE
WHEEL WITH EYES WIDE OPEN.
Fatigue can be fatal. Especially when you’re driving. And one problem

is, you might not even know it. Fatigue can sometimes induce a mental

state in which drivers imagine certain conditions exist when they really

don’t. Sudden reactions to those imaginary conditions can result in

very real disasters.

To help avoid fatigue behind the wheel, never use drugs

or alcohol when driving.

Pull well off the road and rest if you feel fatigue coming on. Make

frequent stops on extended trips. Traffic accidents increase

dramatically after approximately 7 hours of driving. Don’t push it. If

you’re feeling less than 100 percent, it’s best not to drive.

At Halliburton, solving customer challenges is second only to keeping everyone

safe and healthy. You can find more safety tips at www.halliburton.com/HSE.

© 2012 Halliburton. All rights reserved.

 Course Structure

Adult
Learning e ss
Discovery

en
t i v
e c
Eff
i ng
a rn
Le

Problem-Solving
 Introduction

• Wellcome

• Safety

• Courtesy

• Time and Schedule

 COMPASSTM Scope

Course covers 9. Target & Template Editor

1. Terminology 10. Survey & Planning Method

2. What is and Why 11. Anti-Collision Analisys

3. Hierarchy – Data Structure 12. Wall Plot Composer

4. Surveys
5. Magnetic Declination, True
North & Grid
6. Creating Wellbore / Plans
7. Maind tool bars & Associated
Data Viewer
8. How to Import & Export
 Major Goals

• Advanced Theory

• Feature Function

• Advanced Use
 Terminology

• EDM – Engineer’s Data Model™

• EDT – Engineer’s Desktop™ suite of integrated engineering

applications hosted on the
EDM platform

• SAM – Simultaneous Activity Monitor

 Engineer’s Desktop™
Integrated well design on a common data model

WellCat™

Well Trajectory Casing Design Well Planning

COMPASS™ CasingSeat™ StressCheck™ WELLPLAN™

Engineer’s Data Model (EDM)

• Integrated engineering and operations applications

• Increased decision-making efficiency

• Common Data
 Drilling & Completion Solutions

 Directional Drilling Solution

• COMPASS
 Tubular Designs
• Stress Check/Casing Seat
 Advanced Tubular Analysis
• WELLCAT
 Well Engineering
• DSWE/WELLPLAN
 Cost Management EDM
• Well Cost
 Operations Reporting &
Analytics
• OpenWells
• PROFILE
Suite/DSDA
What is the CompassTM Software?
COMputerized
Planning
Analysis
Survey
System

• Software tool for directional

well design

• Quickly and accurately plan

wells and problems solve
 Why CompassTM?

• Compass is part of the fully integrated EDM portfolio.

• Collaborative multi-user environment allowing simultaneous

Access and Updates.

• Single data store for all planning and actual designs

• Survey and planning methods; T&D optimization; and Anti-

collision analysis
 Accessing Help

Main Menu Help Button

• COMPASS™ software has an

online help system that can
answer many of your
questions. COMPASS Online Help
– Main menu Help button
– F1 function key
 Technical Support Portal

• Use the Technical Support page to log-in to the Technical

Support Portal: Landmark.Solutions
 Software Layout
Menu Bar
Main Tollbar

Recent Bar
Filter Picklist

Current Selection &

Status Window

Well Explorer

Datum Reference

Associated Data Viewer

Status Bar
 Hierarchy

• The Engineer’s Data Model Database

(EDM) database has a

Company
hierarchical data structure to
support the different levels of Project

data that are required by different Site

drilling suite applications.
Well

• EDM uses the following

Wellbore
hierarchical data tree levels.
Design

Case
 EDM Database Structure

Database • Database is the highest level in the

Company
Well Explorer hierarchy. You can only
work in one database at
Project
a time.
Site

Well

Wellbore

Design

Case
 EDM Database Structure

• Company is the second highest data level in the

hierarchy
Database

• The Company controls policy and settings for a

Company
number of operating projects or sites.
Project
• The Company is either an operating group within
an operating company; or, for a contractor, it’s the
Site
operating company for which the services
are provided.
Well

• The Company Properties tabs are used to specify

Wellbore
survey and anti-colision policy for the group.
Design

Case
 Company Properties - Anticollision

1. Error System
– Wellbore position uncertainty
1

2. Scan Method
– Distance between designs
2
3
4
3. Error Surface
– Calculating dimension of error
surfaces between designs

4. Warning Method
– Criteria for reporting separation
 Company Properties - Anticollision
• Survey Error Model 00 0ft
1
– Cone of Error: This empirical model 9° 7ft/
4 . 9
assumes a circle around each survey to 1 0ft
Up 10 0
ft
(sphere radius); The sphere size as depth 9 ft/ 0 0
9 /10
function, previous sphere diameter and 2 4.9 2ft
°t o 1

ft
survey tool error coefficient. 15 9 °

00
4 .9

/10

t
3

80° to 89.99° 26ft/1000ft

00f
o
°t

4ft
• Cone of error = Sphere radius around 25

t/10
°1
previous observation + MD interval *

15f
.99
Survey tool error coefficient/ 10000)

49

9°
° to

9.9
35

to 7
Inclination Expansion

50°
0° to 14.99° 7ft/1000ft
15° to 24.99° 9ft/1000ft
25° to 34.99° 12ft/1000ft
35° to 49.99° 14ft/1000ft
50° to 79.99° 15ft/1000ft
80° to 89.99° 21ft/1000ft
 Company Properties - Anticollision
• Survey Error Model
– Systematic Ellipse: Assumes that most errors are systematic,
disregarding the random errors.
• Model 6 error coefficients
–Relative depth error
–Misalignment error
–True inclination error
–Compass reference error
–Drillstring magnetization (changes magnetic azimuth
readings)
–Gyrocompass Azimuth (caused by gyro drift)
 Company Properties - Anticollision
• Survey Error Model
– Systematic Ellipse:

Imprecisões das ferramentas

 Company Properties - Anticollision
• Survey Error Model
– ISCWSA (Industry Steering Committee For Wellbore Survey Accuracy): Model
created by four companies (Sysdrill Ltd., Statoil, Baker Hughes INTEQ and BP
Exploration). It takes into account the random errors (SPE 56702)
• Handle with modern survey tool (MWD)
• Most accurate and completed model
• Dynamic Number of Error Sources (Terms), each defined by:
– Name e.g. Accelerometer Bias
– Vector direction for error source
» Azimuth; Depth; Inclination; Lateral; Misalignment; Inertial; Bias
– Value error value for the source of error
– Tie-On determines how an error source is tied onto sources:
» Random; Systematic; Well; Global
– Formula weighting for each error term e.g.
» ASX
– Range inclination range for error term
 Company Properties - Anticollision
• Survey Error Model
– ISCWSA:
Value (1 Range Min Max
Name Vector Tie-on Units Formula
sigma) Inc Inc. Inc.
dref e r 0,35 m 1 0 0 0
dsf e s 0,00024 - tmd 0 0 0
dsts e s 2,2E-07 im tmd*tvd 0 0 0
w_12 n n 1 - sin(inc) 0 0 0
w_34 n n 1 - sqrt(1-(w_12)^2) 0 0 0
mxy1 i s 0,06 d w_12 0 0 0
mxy2 l s 0,06 d w_12 0 0 0
mxy3 i s 0,06 d cos(azi)*w_34 0 0 0
mxy3 l s 0,06 d =-sin(azi)*w_34 0 0 0
mxy4 i s 0,06 d sin(azi)*w_34 0 0 0
mxy4 l s 0,06 d cos(azi)*w_34 0 0 0
sag i s 0,2 d (sin(inc)) 0 0 0
azr a g 0,36 d 1 0 0 0
dbh a g 5000 dnt 1.0/(mtot*cos(dip)) 0 0 0
azm a s 0,25 d 1 0 0 0
amid a s 0,6 d sin(inc)*sin(azm) 0 0 0
abx i s 0,004 - (-cos(inc)*sin(tfo))/gtot 0 0 0

abx l s 0,004 - ((cos(inc)*sin(azm)*sin(tfo)-cos(azm)*cos(tfo))*tan(dip)*sin(inc)+cos(tfo)*cos(inc))/gtot 0 0 0

aby i s 0,004 - (-cos(inc)*cos(tfo))/gtot 0 0 0

aby l s 0,004 - ((cos(inc)*sin(azm)*cos(tfo)+cos(azm)*sin(tfo))*tan(dip)*sin(inc)-sin(tfo)*cos(inc))/gtot 0 0 0

 Company Properties - Anticollision
• Survey Error Model
– ISCWSA:
 Company Properties - Anticollision

• Scan Method
Distance between designs
– Horizontal Plane
– Closest approach 3D
– Travelling Cylinder
– Travelling Cylinder North

Defines the shape of the error that is going to be used as scan

Method
 Company Properties - Anticollision

• Scan Method

Offset Well Reference Well

Closest Approach 3D
Horizontal Plane

Travelling Cylinder

Scan Method
 Company Properties - Anticollision

• Scan Method - Closest approach 3D

Check Well Generic Well

Closest Approach 3D
 Company Properties - Anticollision

• Scan Method - Travelling Cylinder

Check Well Generic Well

Travelling Cylinder
 Company Properties - Anticollision

• Scan Method - Travelling Cylinder North

Check Well Generic Well

Travelling Cylinder
 Company Properties - Anticollision

• Scan Method - Horizontal Plane

Check Well Generic Well

Horizontal Plane
Company Properties – Anticollision - Closest Approach 3D

Reference Well Offset Well

Plotted Points

Detected Point
Company Properties – Anticollision - Horizontal Plane

Reference Well Offset Well

Plotted Points

Missed Point
Company Properties – Anticollision - Travelling Cylinder

Reference Well OffsetWell

Plotted Points

Missed Point
 Company Properties - Anticollision

• Error Surface – Define the shape of the uncertainty envelope

about the wellbore
 Company Properties – Anticollision - Error Surface

Elliptical Conic
Radius Projected onto Error Ellipse as Intersected by Center-to-Center Plane

Offset Well
Error Ellipse

Minor
Major
Reference Well R2
Error Ellipse R1 Plane
Minor C-C
Major
Company Properties – Anticollision - Error Surface
Elliptical Conic
 Company Properties – Anticollision - Error Surface

Circular Conic
Uses the largest dimension (major axis) of the error ellipsoid at a point to define a
spheroid about the wellpath. Projected down the wellpath, this becomes a cone.
Company Properties – Anticollision - Error Surface
Circular Conic
Circular Conic
 Company Properties – Anticollision - Error Surface

Combined Covariances

This method combines the errors on the reference and offset by covariance addition
before any distance calculations are performed.
The error distance is then computed by the elliptical conic method on the resulting single
ellipsoid.
Where Casings are included, the radius are subtracted from the center- to - center
distance.
The separation factor derived from the combined covariance technique can be directly
correlated to collision risk as it represents the standard deviation value for the ‘tail of the
probability distribution’.
Company Properties – Anticollision - Error Surface
Combined Covariances
Combined Covariance
 Company Properties – Anticollision - Error Surface
Projected vector
Projected vector avoids the irregular and misleading results before and after the
closest point and will provide a more consistent evaluation of the errors. This
method uses a cross product to determine the vector to section the ellipsoid
using:

u= R X O

Where R is the vector direction (inclination and azimuth) of the reference

wellbore and O is the vector direction (inclination and azimuth) of the offset
wellbore.
Company Properties – Anticollision - Error Surface
Projected vector
Projected Vector
Company Properties – Anticollision - Error Surface

Sperry Type
Uses the errors surfaces to determine the minimum ellipse
separation between the error ellipses

Offset Well
Minor
Ellipse Separation Major
e
Minor -C P la n
C
Major

Reference Well

Separation Centre to Centre Separation

=
Factor
C-C Plane – Ellipse Separation
 Company Properties – Anticollision - Warning Type

• Criteria for reporting separation

 Company Properties – Anticollision - Basic Concepts
Separation Factor

R1 R2

Center to Center

Center to Center
Separation Factor = -----------------------
R1 + R2
Company Properties – Anticollision - Basic Concepts

Sep Factor > 1

Sep Factor = 1

Sep Factor < 1

 Company Properties – Anticollision - Warning Type
• Error Ratio:
– Will divide separation by combined dimensions of error, then uses ratio for comparison. 1.0
ratio means that ellipse boundaries will just touch when plotted.

• Risk Ratio
– Use risk based collision avoidance when the consequences of collision are considered
minor. When you select the Risk Ratio Warning Type, use the Map Info Tab (Project
Properties Dialog) to specify a vertical depth where collisions below this depth are
allowable at a probability level you consider reasonable. The standard Error Ratio Warning
Type is used above the depth specified on the Map Info tab.

• Rules Based:
– each offset Wellbore is assigned with a rule. A warning is given if the rule is failed. When
using the Offset Design Selection Dialog, you can assign rules to each actual design. When
you check the box associated with an actual design (indicating you want to include it as an
offset design in the analysis), a drop-down list appears next to the actual design name. Select
the rule you want to assign to the design. The Anticollision report indicates the rule for each
offset and whether or not it passed the rule.
 Company Properties – Anticollision - Casing

• Including Casing Radius in the Separation Factor calculation results in

the Center to Center distance being reduced by the sum of the Casing
radius assuming that Casing is centred in the Wellbore
Center to Center Distance

12-1/4” OH Without Casing Radius 8-1/2” OH

9-5/8” Casing With Casing Radius 7” Liner

 Company Properties – Anticollision - Warning Levels or Rules

• Define a number of anticollision warning criteria.

• Columns and labels = > depends on which Warning Type is chosen
• Rule Type:
– Error Ratio:
• Will divide separation by combined dimensions of error, then uses ratio for
comparison.
• 1.0 means that ellipse boundaries will just touch when plotted.
– Depth Ratio:
• Will form an envelope around wellbore with ratio of depth increasing until
Max Radius is reached. A ratio of 0.01 with a maximum ratio of 10 m means
the minimum allowable separation will include a cone of 10 m per 1000 m
reaching a maximum of 10 m at 1000 m from the start depth.
 Company Properties – Anticollision - Warning Levels or Rules

• Rule Type:
– Risk Based:
• Will use a probability of intercept to evaluate risk. A ratio of 0.01 means there
is one chance in 100 wells drilled of intercepting an offset wellbore.
– Ranging
• Ranging tool is a two part tool. One part is a probe, and the other is the tool.
• Used when horizontal well is very close to another.
• Ranging tool rules will be used when the center-to-center distance between the
wells is less than the specified Max Radius. When the distance between the
wells is greater than the Max Radius, the defined survey tool errors are used.
• Warning Level Evaluated at ___ sigma
– Enter confidence level associated with the error calculation
Company Properties – Anticollision Alerts

0,61 m

1
0
0
0
m

10,61 m

30,48 m
Company Properties – Calculation Defaults
 Company Properties – Calculation Defaults

• Survey Calculation Method

– Calculate the final wellbore position of a second measurement station that is
deeper than a first station
 Company Properties – Calculation Defaults

• Survey Calculation Method

– Minimum Curvature (Circular Arc)
• Most current and popular
• Wellbore following an arc on the surface of a sphere
 Company Properties – Calculation Defaults

• Survey Calculation Method

– Radius of Curvature
• Slightly different results from the Minimum Curvature

– Average Angle
• Survey calculation easily adopted to hand calculation
• The differences between it and the preceding two methods are very small.
 Company Properties – Calculation Defaults

• Survey Calculation Method

– Balanced Tengential
• Essentially the Minimum Curvature method with RF=1.
• Least accurate of these four methods:

– Walk/ Turn Rate

• There are two methods for computing walk and turn rates for curve sections
• MD - Turn rate = dogleg base length x change in direction / change in measured depth
(default)
• HDL - Turn rate = dogleg base length x change in direction x sine( (I1 + I2) / 2 ) /
change measured depth where I1 is the start inclination I2 is the end inclination.
 Company Properties – Calculation Defaults

• Survey Calculation Method

– Validadtion
• Project
– Select a project for the validation process, or select ‘all’ to choose all projects for this customer
• Create Well Co-ordinates File
– Report all wells surface and bottomhole co-ordinates to a file in the output directory called
‘WellCoordinates.log’
• Design
– Filter the designs that are written to the well coordinate file
• Compute all Design
– Hit this button to start the re-calculation of all wellpaths, plans and surveys.
Company Properties
 Company - Survey Tools

Company

• Used to measure the wellbore’s position using

inclination and azimuth measurements,
followed by survey computation or by directly
integrating inertial positions

• Describe the error characteristics associated

with the tool. The error characteristics are used
to calculate the magnitude of measurement
uncertainty about the wellbore

• Possible to associate different survey tool with

different error models
 EDM Database Structure

Database
• A project can be thought of as a group of sites.

Company • A project has one system datum (mean sea

level, lowest astronomical tide and ground
Project level) that is used to define 0 TVD for the
project.
Site

• Within the project, wellbores can be referenced

Well
to the project level system datum or to
Wellbore
additional datums specified at the well level.

Design

Case
 Project

Project

IGRF: International Geomagnetic Reference Field

Project
UTM Grid Zones of the World
 Project

Meridiano Central
Coordenadas UTM 10.000.000 Norte

East / West
• To avoid negative values,
the Central Meridian in any
zone is defined as 500,000
m.

1.000.000
• Scale from 0 to 1 000 500.000
000.
0 Equador
0 10.000.000
North / South
• 0 meters at the equator and
increasing toward the north
until 10.000.000 mts.
• 10,000,000 meters at the
equator decreasing to the
south.

Sul 0

71
 What do we mean by ’North’?

• When we are considering values of Azimuth or direction, we

have to ask the above question.

• This is because in addition to the True North pole, (one of 2

points on the Earth’s surface marking it’s Axis of Rotation),

• We commonly have to deal with the fact that Survey Tools

measure Azimuths with respect to the moving Magnetic North
and
• If we choose to work with a geographic Local Grid, then we
also have to deal with a local Grid North
 Magnetic vs True North - Declination

True
North
• At a given position on the Magnetic
North
Earth’s surface, Declination
changes within a short time
interval as the Magnetic North
+ Magnetic
Pole migrates Declination

• Declination is added to
Magnetic Azimuth True
Magnetic North
North
- Magnetic
Declination
 True North v Grid (Local) North

• Often used to Central • The Easting value

simplify positions Grid Meridian Grid determines the
North North
over a ‘small’ relationship
geographic area True True between True and
within a UTM North North Grid
zone. – i.e is the Easting >
or < than 500,000m
• UTM zones have
a width of • The difference in
1.000.000 metres Azimuth is
controlled by
Latitude.

Equator 0°
500,000 m
 Universal Transverse Mercator
• CONVERGENCE:
– Correction converts “True North” to “Grid
North”.
– Grid North = True North at the central
meridian
– Convergence will vary with distance away
from the central meridian and with distance
away from the equator.
– UTM is most accurate for predominantly
north-south regions
– Quantifies the amount of distortion for each TN
GN
mapping area
– Is applied to each survey
– Convergence is SUBTRACTED from
Corrected Azimuth
LONGITUDINAL UTM ZONE
 Total Correction

• Corrected
surveys are
corrected from
Magnetic North
to Grid North

Magnetic Declination - Grid Convergence = Total Correction

 Total Correction

TN EXAMPLE:
MA
MN • - 4° Magnetic Declination
-10°
GN • -10° Grid Convergence
+6° -4°
(- 4°) - (-10°) = 6°

6° Grid Declination is added to

each magnetic survey

Magnetic Azimuth + Total Correction = CORRECTED AZIMUTH

 EDM Database Structure

Database
• A site is a collection of one or more wells that
are all referenced from a local coordinated
Company system centered on the site location.

Project • A site can be:

– A single land well
Site – An offshore sub-sea well
– A group of wells drilled from an onshore pad
Well
– A group of wells drilled from an offshore platform
Wellbore

Design

Case
Site

Site Location

Radius of the drill bit for the first hole

section
Site's local co-ordinate system align to True or
Grid north.
 EDM Database Structure

Database
• Quite simply, a Well is a unique surface
Company location.
Project
• A well can have more than one wellbore
Site associated with it. For example, there
Well
may be the original wellbore with one or
more sidetracks of different tie-on
Wellbore
depths.
Design

Case
Well

Wellhead coordinates
 EDM Database Structure

Database • A wellbore is a compilation of one or more

sections originating at the surface or a parent
Company
wellbore, and continuing to a depth.
Project
• A wellbore can be the original well drilled
Site from the surface or a sidetrack drilled from a
parent wellbore. If a well has an original hole
Well
and two sidetracks, the well has three
Wellbore wellbores.

Design

Case
 Wellbore

Using the same wellhead, when you have one or more wellbores you can choose
on that pick list the one which you want to make a sidetrack from.
 Wellbore
Survey Date: 20/04/2000
Loc: 51º 5’ 45” N 3 º 15’ 33” E

IGRF

Geomagnetic
Field

• A Wellbore will also have its own local Magnetic Field calculated using the
Geomagnetic Model defined at the Project Level
• This local Magnetic Field is calculated using an appropriate Date of
Operations when surveys were being recorded and the Wellbore Location
 EDM Database Structure

Database • Data components associated with each design:

– Actual Wellpath - a series of survey tool readings that have been
Company observed in the same wellbore and increase with measured depth
– Pore pressure groups
– Fracture pressure groups
Project
– Temperature gradients
– Surveys
Site

• A design can be categorized as:

Well – Prototype – Possible designs
– Principal Plan – i.e. the final Planned design
Wellbore – Actual – A wellbore that is actually drilled
– Lookahead – Temporary design for operation planning
Design

Case
 Design
Prototype

Planned

Survey

This plan will be

a combination of
actual surveys
and planned data
Design

Sidetrack
Design
 Associated Data

• Wellpath
– Observed from survey tool readings

• Pore Pressure & Fracture Gradient

– Set of pore and fracture gradient

• Hole Section Groups

– Rise, casing and open hole section
– Tubing or drillstring section

• Assemblies
– Defines the workstring
– Coiled tubing, casing, drillstrings, liner and tubing

• Fluids
– Drilling, cementing or spacer fluid
 Common Data

• Unit System

• Pipe Catalog

• Connections Catalog

• Pore and Fracture Gradient

• Temperature Gradient

• Surveys

• All Well Explorer Properties

• General Data (well name, depth, vertical section information, etc)

 EDM Database Structure

Database
• A Case is used in WELLPLAN, and is a collection
Company of data saved with a user-defined name that is
used as an analysis scenario for the engineering
Project
modules (Hydraulics, Torque & Drag, etc.).
Site
• It contains data pertaining to one particular drill
Well string, hole section, drilling fluid, etc. grouped
together. A well may have more than one case.
Wellbore

Design

Case
 Main Toolbar Buttons

• Company Properties

• Survey tools is used to create a survey tool.

• Project Properties

• Target Editor is used to define the target location and shape.

• Site properties

• Slot Templates provide a quick way of calculating the local

co-ordinates of a template array.

• Well Properties
 Main Toolbar Buttons

• Wellbore Properties

• Design Properties is used to create and maintain plan design

and associated data.

• Formation is used to add top depths and lithologies to graphs,

wall plots and reports.

• Casings allows you to enter casing sizes and depths for each
design.

• Graph Setup configures the appearance of interactive graphs.

• Offset Designs is used to select additional Design for plots,

anticollision scans or reports.
 Main Toolbar Buttons

• Section View provides a section view of the current wellbore

plots vertical section (x axis) against vertical depth (y axis).

• Plan View provides a graph of the current wellbore (plan or

survey) with local east as the X axis and local North as the Y
axis.

• 3D View provides a live graph perspective plot in three

dimensions.

• Wall Plot Composer is used to customize the design of plot

layouts for screen viewing or to be printed/plotted

• Reports generates any report available in COMPASS.

 Targets – COMPASS 2003.21 e R5000

• Targets can be Created and stored at Project, Site, Well, Wellbore, and Design level
• The same Target can thus be used by several designs
 Targets

Geometrical Targets

Point Circle Ellipse Rectangle

• Geometrical Targets may be defined as a point, circle, ellipse,

or rectangle.
 Targets

Polygonal Targets

• In geometry, a polygon is traditionally a plane figure that is

bounded by a closed path composed of a finite sequence of
straight line segments. Irregular polygons are 2 dimensional but
have irregular shape.
 Targets

Polyhedron Targets
• Polyhedrons are often defined
as a geometric object with flat
faces and straight edges
 Targets
Geological and Driller’s Targets
Geological 1. Surveys show that well has
Target penetrated the target at .
Uncertainty in this position is
usually represented by an error
ellipse (this one is drawn at 2sd).

2. Points are 100 possible repeat

survey locations of the actual point
of penetration.
The 8 points lying outside the
geological target represent the 8%
probability that the target has been
missed.
We say the “inclusion probability” at
the point is 92%.
 Targets

Geological and Driller’s Targets

3. We can colour-code the
inclusion probability at every
point inside the geological
target boundary as follows:
– > 95%
– 90% - 95%
– < 90%
– etc.
The result is a “contour map”

Well
Direction
 Targets

Geological and Driller’s Targets

3. We can colour-code the inclusion
probability at every point inside the
geological target boundary as
follows:
– > 95%
– 90% - 95%
– < 90%
– etc.
The result is a “contour map”

Drillers
Target 4. Approximating one of the
probability contours with
straight lines defines the extent
of a Driller’s target

Well
Direction
Targets
 Well Planning methods

• 2D Well Designs • 3D Well Designs

– Slant Well – Build & Turn
– S-Well – Dogleg / Toolface
– Optimum Alignment

In addition we can
Thread Targets
• Curve Only
• Curve Hold
• Optimum Align
• Straight Line
• Least Turn
 Planning Method - 2D Well Design – Slant Well

• L1 Measured Depth of Kick Off

• B1 Build Rate at Start

• I1 Maximum Angle Held

• L2 Length of Hold Section

 Planning Method - 2D Well Design – S-Well

L1
Kick-off
B1
• L1 Measured Depth
of Kick Off
• B1 Build Rate at L2
Start
• I1 Maximum Angle
I1
Held B2
• L2 Length of Hold
Section L3
• B2 2nd Drop Rate

• I2 Final Inclination

• L3 Length of Final I2
Hold
 Planning Method - 3D Well Design – Built Turn

Assume that the wellbore is wrapped

around the surface of a cylinder

The build rate is the inclination

change rate, and the turn rate is the
direction change rate.

To MD To TVD To Inclination To Azimuth

Tangent to Point On Line by TVD

a to Point (Calc. Build & Turn) (Calc. Build & Turn)
 Planning Method - 3D Well Design – Dogleg Toolface

The method assumes the wellbore is wrapped around the

surface of a sphere - a circular curve with orientation
defined by toolface, and radius defined by dogleg

Toolface is the direction from high-side of the hole.

Toolface is 0 degrees at high-side, and 180 degrees at
low-side. Looking down the wellbore, the toolface is
positive clockwise and negative counter-clockwise. If
the wellbore has no inclination, the toolface is
referenced to local north.
 Planning Method - 3D Well Design – Dogleg Toolface

To MD To TVD To Inclination To Direction

(Calc. Location) (Calc. Location) (Calc. Location) (Calc. Location)

Curve

Hold

Tangent to Point Plan to a Point On Line by TVD HCH Inclination (Calc.

(Calc. Toolface) (Calc. Dogleg & Toolface) (Calc. Dogleg & Toolface) Dogleg & Toolface)
 Planning Method - 3D Well Design – Hold

This planning method is useful for defining

planned kick off points, or extending the
trajectory beyond a target. You can add a straight-
line projection to MD, TVD or VSEC.
• CL (Course Length), The measured depth
distance from the previous station to this.
• MD: Enter the measured depth or course
length to extend the plan.
• TVD: You may specify the vertical depth or
the depth of a target by picking a target.
• VSEC: You may specify the vertical section
distance of a target. This method is used in
wells that are not horizontal wells.
 Planning Method - 3D Well Design – Optimum Align

• Plan to one or two targets using three

different methods
• Plan to one target and hit the target at a
specified inclination and azimuth
• Plan to one target while aligning on a
second target.
• Plan to a target and then project back to
another target
• Include two (Curve-Curve), or three sections
(Curve-Hold-Curve)
 Planning Method - 3D Well Design – Nudge
• Nudge is designed to be used when you want to slightly
alter the plan over less than a 200 ft measured depth
distance.
• Line up Target - Use this type to align the final azimuth with
the selected target. This is similar to DLS, INC, AZI except
the final azimuth is calculated based on the selected target.
• Landing Plane - Use this type to land the wellpath in the
target plane based on a specified azimuth and dogleg
severity. The plane is defined in terms of Dip and Direction
that are assigned to targets in the Target Editor.
 Planning Method - 3D Well Design - Thread Targets

• Constructs a series of plan sections through a number of targets.

• Use this method to thread a series of targets. Targets can be sorted by...

Displacement Increasing TVD Decreasing TVD

Name Glory - A2
Glory - A1
Target List
Glory - B1 Glory - A1
Glory - A2
Glory - B1
Glory - B2
Glory - B2
Glory - C1
Glory - C2

Glory - C2 Glory - C1
 Planning Method - 3D Well Design - Thread Targets

• Targets can be threaded using either ...

Curve Only Curve-Hold Optimum-Align

Straight Line Least Turn

 Survey

Survey Observation
Measured Depth
Inclination
Direction
OR for Inclination Only
MD, Inclination
OR for Inertial
TVD, N/S, E/W

• A Survey is a series of observations made in a section of wellbore with the

same directional survey tool on the same tool run.
• The Survey Program for a Wellbore is the sequence of surveys used to
generate the wellpath for the Actual Design.  
• When drilling and surveying is completed on a wellbore, it is used to
compose the stations for the Actual Wellpath based on the depths and order
in the program. Wellbore position is determined by processing the results of
one or more borehole surveys.
 Survey

• COMPASS Surveys is a simple transfer file mechanism for sending

composite surveys with tool codes between COMPASS systems.

• This transfer fulfills the role of sending 'as drilled' survey data from a
remote drilling location to an office repository.

• Using this procedure will not overwrite secure well or location

information. The import process expects the same toolcode names to
exist for this Company. The file contains the following:
– Actual Design
– Individual Surveys
– Survey Program -Tool Codes
– Vertical Section Information
 Survey
How to use the Survey Program
Enter the surveys in the sequence that they will be run (or processed). Note that
later surveys take precedence over earlier surveys in the definitive survey.
If sidetracking from an existing well, then the program will ‘copy over’ the
surveys from the parent Wellbore. These are normally disabled, unless you are
planning to re-survey part of the original hole.
Surveys Survey Programs

Surveys –
Stored Separately

Survey Program -
Selected surveys that will
define the Actual Design.
Survey Export
Importar Survey
Importar Survey
Importar Survey
Importar Survey
 Survey – Survey Tool Interference

Each Survey Tool is assigned an Error Model for calculating Positional

Uncertainty.

• Magnetics Tools • Gyroscopic Tools

• Refer to Earth Magnetic Field
• Correction with IFR
• Repeatability
• Magnetic interference
• Impossible to calibrate at location
• Multi-station analysis
• Refer to Earth Rotation Axis
• Without magnetic interference
• Sensors needs to be calibrated
• Calibrated at location and
verified while running
 Survey Program

26” TOTCO Survey List

TOTCO 26”

Definitive Path:
TOTCO 26”
 Survey Program

26” TOTCO 26” TOTCO Survey List

TOTCO 26”
MSS 17-1/2”

17-1/2” MSS

Definitive Path:
TOTCO 26” TOTCO 26”
MSS 17-1/2”
 Survey Program

26” TOTCO Survey List

TOTCO 26”
13-3/8” GYRO MSS 17-1/2”
GYRO 13-3/8”

Definitive Path:
TOTCO 26” GYRO 13-3/8”
 Survey Program

26” TOTCO Survey List

TOTCO 26”
13-3/8” GYRO 13-3/8” GYRO MSS 17-1/2”
GYRO 13-3/8”
MWD 12-1/4”

12-1/4” MWD

Definitive Path:
TOTCO 26” GYRO 13-3/8” GYRO 13-3/8”
MWD 12-1/4”
 Survey Program

26” TOTCO Survey List

TOTCO 26”
13-3/8” GYRO MSS 17-1/2”
GYRO 13-3/8”
MWD 12-1/4”
GYRO 9-5/8”

9-5/8” GYRO

Definitive Path:
TOTCO 26” GYRO 13-3/8” GYRO 9-5/8”
 Survey Program

26” TOTCO Survey List

TOTCO 26”
13-3/8” GYRO MSS 17-1/2”
GYRO 13-3/8”
MWD 12-1/4”
GYRO 9-5/8”
MWD 8-1/2”

9-5/8” GYRO 8-1/2” MWD

8-1/2” MWD

Definitive Path:
TOTCO 26” MMS 13-3/8” GYRO 9-5/8” GYRO 9-5/8”
MWD 8-1/2”
 Survey Program

26” TOTCO Survey List

TOTCO 26”
13-3/8” GYRO MSS 17-1/2”
GYRO 13-3/8”
MWD 12-1/4”
GYRO 9-5/8”
MWD 8-1/2”
EMS 7”

9-5/8” GYRO 7” EMS

Definitive Path:
TOTCO 26” MMS 13-3/8” GYRO 9-5/8” EMS 7”
 Plan Optimizer

• The Plan Optimizer is designed to help you optimize the Plan geometry for
mechanical conditions, cost or anti-collision.

• It contains the means to cycle various plan constraints and then run the trajectory
through torque-drag, anti-collision and cost analysis.
 Plan Optimizer
• There are seven tabs on the Plan Optimizer, containing a number of entry fields.
Some tabs have one or two Use Range check boxes indicating a parameter that can
be cycled or optimized. Depending on the plan some of the options may not become
available. Parameters that can be varied have a minimum, maximum and step field.

• The minimum field contains the default value for this parameter if is not to be
cycled, and is the minimum value for the cycling range when the check box is set.
 Plan Optimizer

• Tension

• Torque

• Side Force

• Bubble
 Template

• The term Template is used to describe alignment of slots in an array of co-ordinates that you can use
to define the start location of wells.
• Templates are defined at Site Level

Well assigned to a
Slot in template
 Template

• In COMPASS, Templates refer to alignment of slots in:

1. Slot Frame of an offshore platform
2. On-Shore Pad
3. Sub-Sea Template

• Note: In other Software applications, the term Template often

refers to software arrangement.
 Template – Well Referencing

Right-click Site and select New well

Fill in Common and Legal

Well Name (populate the Legal Well name
when Drilling program has been approved)

Populate Depth References Tie well to slot in template

 Template – Wellbore Referencing

Right-click a well and select

New wellbore

Populate Common & Legal

Wellbore name (populate the
Legal Wellbore name
when Drilling program has
been approved)

Select parent wellbore

if the new wellbore kicks off from
a Parent wellbore
 Import / Export Concept

• Transfer files at different Hierarchical levels

– EDM Well Explorer data Export / Import
– Import / Export of Survey and Plans to / from Compass
– Import / Export of Survey Tools from Compass
– OpenWorks Data Link – Export / Import between EDM and
OpenWorks databases.
– Import / Export using a Wellbore Planner format.
– DEX export to WellCat
 Import / Export Well Data

Well Explorer Export / Import

• Well Explorer exports the complete data hierarchy associated with this item in XML
format as a Transfer File, regardless of which level you invoke export from.

• Note: Newer versions of COMPASS use EDM.xml transfer files

• Software may prompt you to select a ‘Historic.xml’ file
 Import Wizard

• Importing from files is done using an Import Wizard

 Export a Plan or Survey

• Surveys can be exported • Select a User Defined export

when working in the Survey format or..
itself or from an Actual
design; a Plan can be • Select a Predefined export
exported in a similar way format
from a Plan design
 Import / Export Survey Tools
• From Survey Tools dialogue box options to Import
or Export
• Survey Tools error models are available
• Select a Survey Tool and press Export
• The exported tool will have file extention *.ipm
• For Importing a Survey Tool error model press the
Import button from the same dialogue box and
select an *.ipm file
• NB! The Import of Survey Tools is commonly
performed by the database administration staff /
Senior engineer
 DEX Export

• DEX is the data exchange format for Landmarks Drilling Applications.

• The file contains a number of business objects (data entities) depending on which application
generated the file.
• The following are a list of business objects recognized and populated by COMPASS:
– Well
– Location
– Directional Survey
– Formation Tops

• An example of objects available from a DEX file exported from a Compass Design
 Anticollision Analysis
• Conceptual Details should include –
– Survey Error Model, Error Surface (Projector Vector & Sperry Type),
Warning Method (Risk Ratio).
– Evaluation of Sigma with regards to Output errors and Warning Level.
– Include casing to AC results – what are the calculation (Add & Subtract)
– Defining the Separation factor to include casing radio
• AC Setup Settings
– Interpolations interval (Depth Range, Sidetrack Depth)
– AC results limitations (Centre Distance and Ellipse Separation)
– Offset Vertical Depths Reference
– Offset Bearing Reference 
• Offset Well Selection
– Filtering functionalities (Sites with same project name?)
– Filter by Type Vs. Filter by Range (Diagram & Calculation?)
– Global Filter (Diagram & Calculation?)
• AC Plots – Template View
 Anticollision Analisys - Settings

• Interpolate is used to setup how manyAnalysis > Anticollision Settings

scan points are going to be used in the
scan. You can just include survey
stations, or you can interpolate down
the wellpath every set set distance
(AHD). If you interpolate, you can
interpolate by MD or TVD (though
TVD is not recommended for
Horizontal wells!). Alternatively, you
can limit the scan to a portion of the
wellbore by applying a range.

• To Limit the results to a reasonable amount, you can filter out designs which pose no
collision risk. This is done by either specifying a minimum centre-centre separation or
by a minimum separation factor.
 Anticollision Analisys

• Views:
– Spider View (Local and Map)
• Plan views of multiple Wellbores.
– Traveling Cylinders –
• Polar graph of distance in an orientation (azimuth and/or toolface angle).
– Ladder View –
• Graph of center-to-center distances against measured depth.
– Separation Factor –
• View of proximity ratio of offset Wellbores against measured depth.
– 3D Proximity View –
• Perspective graph of offset Wellbores and closest points on a moving depth plane.

• Reports There are four anticollision reports.

1. Anticollision
2. Traveling Cylinder
3. Anticollision With Risk
4. Anticollision Summary
Anticollision Analisys - Spider View

• The spider plot displays wellpaths with East (X-axis) against

North (Y-axis)
• It is difficult to visually assess anticollision risk
• Use the Line Data Reader to assess TVD proximity for nearby or
overlapping wells.
 Anticollision Analisys - Spider View

Sample - Alpha
All depths referenced to Sample Alpha DFE 150.0ft
1800 1800
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 4000 4200 4400 4600 4800 5000
1600 1600

1400 1400
7000
1200 1200
6500
1000 6000 1000
5500
South(-)/North(+) [ft]

800 800
6500 7000
5000
5000 6000
600 4500 600
4500 5500 5500 5000 4500
6000 5500
400 4000 5000 400
4500
200 4000 200

0 4500
4500
5000
4000 0
5000
5500
6000
5500
6500
-200 6000 -200

7000
-400 -400
6500

-600 7000 -600

-800 West(-)/East(+) [ft] -800

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 4000 4200 4400 4600 4800 5000
-1000 -1000
 Anticollision Analisys - Spider View

Sample - Alpha
All depths referenced to Sample Alpha DFE 150.0ft
E6 (E6S0)

8000 -8000 -6000 -4000 -2000 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000
8000

6000 6000
E7 (E7S2)
A1 (A1-S0)
A1-S2 E5 (E5S0)
4000 4000
E7 (E7S0)
South(-)/North(+) [ft]

E1 (E1S0)
2000 2000

Alpha
Echo
0 E4 (E4-S0) A2 (A2-S0) 0
A1-S2P1

C3 (C3-S0) B2 (B2-S0)
-2000 B2 (B2-S1) B2 (B2-S2) -2000
E9 (E9S0)

-4000 -4000

-6000 C5 (C5-S0) West(-)/East(+) [ft] -6000

-8000 -6000 -4000 -2000 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000
Anticollision Analisys - Traveling Cylinder View

• Shows the polar positions of offset wells relative to the

reference wellpath center.
• This is the distance to the offset well at an angle that is
either measured from the wellbore high side (toolface)
of the reference wellpath, or North (azimuth only when
using Horizontal plane scan method)
 Anticollision Analisys - Traveling Cylinder View

0
748 748 Colour To Depth
330 30 5000
5500
600 600 6000
6500
7000
7500
400 400 8000
This depth range300
here displays 60
overlap of the offset and reference Wellpath A2-S0 is above and to the
5200
5100
5300
5000 right.
well ‘pedal’ curves. 5400
5500 4900
4800
200 200 5600 4700
5700 4600
5800 4500
5900 4400
6000
6100 4300
0 270 90
6200
6300
6400 Wellpath A2-S0 is now below
200 200 6500 moving from right to left.
6600
6700
6800
240 6900 120
400 400
7000
7100
7200
7300
7400
7500
600 7600 600
7700
7800
210 7900 150
748 748
180
Reference Toolface Angle [deg] vs Centre to Centre Separation [ft]
Anticollision Analisys - Ladder View

• The Ladder view plots measured depth of the reference well against
calculated center-to-center separation of one or more offset wells.
• Use this graph to assess the true anticollision risk of an offset well and
display center-to-center distance, magnetic interference equivalent
distance, error surface magnitudes, and ratio factor warning levels.
 Anticollision Analisys - Ladder View

Plan: A1-S2P1 (A1/A1-S2)

8000
Centre to Centre Separation [ft]

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000 E4-S0
A2-S0

0
4400 4600 4800 5000 5200 5400 5600 5800 6000 6200 6400 6600 6800 7000 7200 7400 7600 7800 8000

Measured Depth [ft]

 Anticollision Analisys - Ladder View

Plan: A1-S2P1 (A1/A1-S2)

E4-S0: X: 7625.00 MD: 7717.06 INC: 49.76 AZ: 268.10
Y: 155.81 TVD: 5766.78 N/S: 533.97 E/W: 3270.81
900
Centre to Centre Separation [ft]

800

700

600
A2-S0: X: 6200.00 MD: 5964.02 INC: 49.23 AZ: 79.02
500 Y: 152.68 TVD: 5290.24 N/S: 510.63 E/W: 1942.96

400

300

200

100

0
5400 5600 5800 6000 6200 6400 6600 6800 7000 7200 7400 7600 7800

Measured Depth [ft]

Anticollision Analisys - Separation Factor View

• Measured depth of the referenced wellpath against the Separation

Factor with the offset wellpaths.
• Plots the warning levels as defined within the Company Properties
dialog box.
• Quick review of the separation factor against warning levels defined
as company policy.
 Anticollision Analisys - Separation Factor View

Plan: A1-S2P1 (A1/A1-S2)

5.0

4.0

3.0
Ratio Factor

2.0
Advise and Monitor
Shut-in producers
STOP DRILLING NOW
1.0

0.0
5400 5600 5800 6000 6200 6400 6600 6800 7000 7200 7400 7600 7800

Measured Depth [ft]

Anticollision Analisys - 3D Proximity View
Anticollision Analisys - 3D Proximity View

Travelling Cylinder Scan calculated closest point

from E4-S0 scan point to A2-S0:
• C-C Separation = 4967.40 ft
• Ratio Factor = 47.57

E4-S0 Reference Well

Scanning Point

A2-S0 Offset Well

 Wall Plot Composer

• Templates

• Toolbars
– General
– Object
– Layout

• Objects and Sub-objects

Wall Plot Composer
 Wall Plot Composer File

• Save your Wall Plots

• If you create a Wall Plot file using one Wellbore and then re-
open the file using the same Wellbore, all changes made to the
plot will be included; if you open the file with a different
Wellbore, the layout and settings will be remembered, but
changes made to labels will not be included
 Wall Plot Composer File

• Plots can be saved as WPC (.wpc) files only. Stored in the plot
file are:
– File version: Allow tracking changes over time and maintains
backward compatibility with previous versions of the software
– Printer and page settings: WPC will attempt to use this hard copy
device by default
– Colors and symbols: Any colors and symbols used by any Wellbore
that is currently selected; when the all plot template is opened, these
settings will be restored in the same Wellbore already selected
– Objects and Sub-objects: Including any property changes and the
positions of all labels
 Wall Plot Composer File

• Save
– Click to save the current plot template; this will save any changes
you have made to the original template

• Save as…
– Click to access the Save Plot/Template As… dialog

• Templates are saved with a Design

 Wall Plot Composer

• Supports any page size

• Provides WYSIWYG display of hardcopy output

• Design data ‘live’ within Wall Plot Composer; updates automatically as

changes are made to data

• Wall Plot consists of one or more configurable drawing objects arranged

on page

• Each object has its own ‘Properties’ page to customize output

• Unlimited number of Wall Plot Composer files/templates supported

 Wall Plot Composer

• General Toolbar

New Zoom Bring to Front Import

Open Ruler Units Send to Back Export

Save Properties Page Setup

Save As
 Wall Plot Composer
• Object Toolbar

Schematic
s
ect
Lithology
bj
O
g Data Box
w in
Dr a
XY Graph i n es
&L
3D Graph ap es
Sh Rectangle
Picture
Text Polygon
Ellipse
Circle
Line
Poly Line
Curved Line
Arrow
 Wall Plot Composer

• Layout Toolbar

Align Left Center Vertically Make Same Width Grid

Space Across
Align Right Space Down Snap to Grid
Center Horizontally Make Same Height
Align Top Make Same Size Grid Settings

Align Bottom
 Move Your Toolbars

• Use vertical bar located at far left of toolbar

• Click on vertical bar and outline will appear around toolbar

• Continue to hold down mouse button and drag toolbar to

desired location

• Release mouse button when outline appears in desired location

 Objects in a Wall Plot

• Data Box
– Add information to wall plot to further describe Well
Explorer levels and equipment
– Company, Project, Site, or Well information
– Reference Datum information
– Design details
– And more…
 Objects in a Wall Plot

• XY Graph
– Vertical Section View, Plan View, Days vs Depth Graph,
Production Graph

• 3D View
– 3-dimensional view of the trajectory path based on survey
information

• Picture
– Add logo or picture to the Wall plot