DIPOLE-DIPOLE

FORCES
GROUP 2
◦TRIVIA
◦
◦*All molecules with polar bonds do not have dipole
moment. Sometimes due to regular shape, dipole
moment vectors cancel out each other and the
molecule becomes non-polar.
◦A polar molecule has a net dipole as a result
of the opposing charges (i.e. having partial
positive and partial negative charges) from
polar bonds arranged asymmetrically
◦JOKE

◦Why are certain bears so attracted to each other?

◦ Because they are polar bears
WHAT IS THE DIPOLE-DIPOLE
FORCE?
Dipole-dipole
forces
are attractive
forces between
the positive end
of one polar
molecule and the
negative end of
another polar
molecule. 
Dipole-dipole interactions occur when
the partial charges formed within one
molecule are attracted to an opposite
partial charge in a nearby molecule
Examples of Dipole-dipole Intermolecular Forces
Examples of dipole-dipole forces include hydrogen chloride (HCl),
hydrogen fluoride (HF), and water (H 2O)

•Hydrogen chloride (HCl): HCl has a permanent dipole.  The

hydrogen atom has a partial positive charge, and the chlorine atom
has a partially negative charge. When two HCl molecules are brought
closer, the positive H of one molecule attracts the negative Cl of
another molecule and forms a bond.
◦Water (H2O): In H2O, two hydrogen (H) atoms are
bonded to an oxygen (O) atom. As a result, the O-H
bond acquires a permanent dipole. The hydrogen is
partially positive, and the oxygen is partially negative.
Therefore, H from one molecule will attract the O
from another molecule resulting in a dipole-dipole
force.