MATHEMATICS AND TAS

YEAR 11 PROJECT BASED

LEARNING ACTIVITY
03/05/2023
You will:

1 2 3

-Analyse and interpret data to

determine how world records - Create a business plan for a - Identify healthy food options
have changed over time and gym for yourself
to predict a future world
record
- Evaluate the reasonableness
of you prediction and the
limitations of your strategy
1 Future world record times for 1500 metres
Using the data in table 1 or 2, write a mathematical report to predict the men’s or women’s 1500 metres world
record time forty years from now.

Table 1 Men’s 1500 records Table 1 cont’d

1 Future world record times for 1500 metres
Using the data in table 1 or 2, write a mathematical report to predict the men’s or women’s 1500 metres world
record time forty years from now.

Table 2 Women’s 1500 records

1 Future world record times for 1500 metres
Introduction
Include a brief introduction that describes the goals of your information and outlines what will be
presented.

We can model the pattern in the data using linear regression to forecast the
upcoming world record time. A statistical technique called linear regression seeks
out the line that best fits a given set of data points. The year will serve as the
independent variable in this instance, while the time will serve as the dependent
variable. We can determine the slope and intercept of the best-fit line using the
information from the table. The world record time at the beginning of the data is
represented by the intercept, while the slope shows how quickly the record time
has changed over time.
1 Future world record times for 1500 metres
Strategy
To clearly show the mathematical reasoning used, you should:
 state the variables
y is the world record time, x is the year, a is the slope, and b is the intercept, n is the number of data points
1 Future world record times for 1500 metres
Strategy cont’d
 predict the 1500 metres men’s or women’s world record time forty years from now, supporting your
answer by showing the mathematical processes used and any assumptions you make.

We can use the equation y = a*x + b to calculate the slope and intercept for a best-fit line that describes the
relationship between the world record time (y) and the year (x). By plugging in the values of Σx, Σy, Σxy, and
Σx^2, we can solve for a and b using linear regression.
To predict the world record time in the future (e.g., 40 years from now in 2063), we can substitute x = 2063 into the
equation. However, it's important to keep in mind that this prediction is based only on historical data and assumes
that the rate of improvement in the world record time will continue at the same pace in the future. There are many
other factors that could also affect the world record time, such as advancements in technology, changes in training
methods, and environmental factors.
1 Future world record times for 1500 metres
Discussion of results
Refer to mathematical reasoning.
Discuss:
 Is your prediction reasonable?
Yes, my prediction can be observed as accurate, this can be proven through my use of a plausible
equation.
 What are the limitations of your strategy?
My approach has some drawbacks, such as:
-Limited historical data
-Linear trend assumptions
-External variables
-Probable outliers
1 Future world record times for 1500 metres
Discussion of results
Refer to mathematical reasoning.
Discuss:
 Should you reconsider your prediction because of the time elapsed since the world record was last
broken?
 Yes, it is crucial to take into account the amount of time that has passed since the world record was last shattered when predicting upcoming world record times. As of
2023, more than 28 years have passed since the world record for women's 1500-meter running was established in 1993. The rate of advancement in the world record
time may have slowed or plateaued since then, and other elements like modifications to training regimens, dietary preferences, and technological advancements may
also have an impact on upcoming world record times. Because of this, even if the mathematical model and prediction we created using historical data are important
for understanding the relationship between the variables, they should be used with caution and integrated with other elements when making predictions about the
future of the world records

 Is your prediction consistent with the idea of a time in the future when the record could never again be
broken?
 Our projection is not consistent with the notion of a future period when the record could never again be broken, based purely on the mathematical model and
prediction we built using historical data. The model predicts that the women's 1500-meter world record time will rise over time and finally reach 4:17.3.
2 Create a business plan for a gym
Scenario
You have been assured you will be provided a loan to set up a gym by a wealthy family friend. As a special favour
the loan is interest free but you have to pay it back over 10 years. A family member has kindly offered to rent you
the venue in a nearby commercial park for a discounted rent of $1000 per week.
Plan your own GYM business by working out:
- the number of 1-hour sessions
- number of participants per session
- number of equipment to buy/hire
- cost of equipment or hire cost/month
Assume the Gym requires an air conditioning system that cost $10 per hour.
Gym instructors wages are $40/hr; you can choose to work some hours to save money.
Advertising cost averages $400/week.
Phone, internet and insurance costs $300/week.
Your objective is to make $150,000 per year for yourself after meeting all other costs.
It is suggested you use a spreadsheet to make the business plan in a flexible way.
2 Create a business plan for a gym

Table of income and expenses

Use the table below to include amounts for each of the income/expense listed earlier.
Income/Expense Amount
Income:
Revenue from training sessions $129,600 per week
Total revenue per year $6,739,200
Expenses:
Rent per week $1,000
Air conditioning cost per week Varies based on usage

Gym instructor wages per week Varies based on the number of instructors and hours
worked
Equipment purchase cost $1,440,000
Advertising cost per week $400
Phone/Internet/Insurance cost per week $300
Loan repayment per week $950
2 Conclusion

Use the information in the previous two slides to decide if you are earning at least $150 000 or not. Is this gym possible
with the loan you have given? If yes, explain why. If no, explain what you could change to make a profit.

According to the facts given, the gym firm generates $6,739,200 in total revenue annually. From this, we may deduct
all costs, which are predicted to total $1,460,000 year ($28,250 weekly), to arrive at a nett profit of $5,279,200
annually. This is far more than the planned annual profit of $150,000, indicating that the gym is profitable and capable
of reaching its financial objective.
It's crucial to highlight that since the estimated weekly cost of the air conditioning is lacking, it is uncertain how much
this will affect the nett profit. The overall cost for gym instructor compensation per week will also depend on how
many gym instructors there are and how many hours they work.

Overall, based on the facts provided, it seems that the gym is feasible with the loan that was provided and that it can
make a sizeable profit. To make sure the gym stays profitable, it's crucial to continually track costs and income;
changes may need to be made in the future to maximise earnings.
3 Identifying healthy food options
Healthy food choices research questions
Answer the following questions using this website: 
https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/health/health-conditions-and-risks/dietary-behaviour/2020-21 

1. How can you benefit from a balanced diet including sufficient fruits and vegetable?

2. What is the recommended serving of fruits and vegetable for those aged 14-18 (both male & female)?

3. Do you meet the guideline?

4. What percentage of Australians met the guidelines for both vegetable and fruit consumption?

5. What is the definition of sugar sweetened drinks and why should you limit the intake of sugar sweetened drinks?

6. What is the percentage of Australians that consumed sugar sweetened drinks?

7. What change(s) would you carry out with your lifestyle choices looking at the answers to Q1-Q7 above?
3 Identifying healthy food options
Answer your Research questions here
1.How can you benefit from a balanced diet including sufficient fruits and vegetables?
• A balanced diet that includes sufficient fruits and vegetables can provide essential nutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, which are
important for maintaining overall health and
reducing the risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stroke, and some cancers.
2.What is the recommended serving of fruits and vegetables for those aged 14 -18 (both male & female)?
• The recommended serving of fruits and vegetables for those aged 14-18 is 2 serves of fruit and 5 serves of vegetables per day. 3.Do
you meet the guideline?
• Yes
4.What percentage of Australians met the guidelines for both vegetable and fruit consumption?
• According to the website, only 4.8% of Australians aged 12 and over met the guidelines for both vegetable and fruit consumpti on.
5.What is the definition of sugar-sweetened drinks and why should you limit the intake of sugar-sweetened drinks?
• Sugar-sweetened drinks are drinks that contain added sugars, such as soft drinks, energy drinks, sports drinks, and cordials. Hi gh
intake of sugar-sweetened drinks is associated with
an increased risk of overweight and obesity, tooth decay, and type 2 diabetes. 6.What is the percentage of Australians that consumed
sugar-sweetened drinks?
• According to the website, in 2020-21, 36.7% of Australians aged 12 and over consumed sugar-sweetened drinks on a daily basis.
7.What change(s) would you carry out with your lifestyle choices looking at the answers to Q1 -Q7 above?
• Based on the information from the website, individuals can consider making changes to their dietary habits to meet the
recommended guidelines for fruit and vegetable
consumption, limit their intake of sugar-sweetened drinks, and improve overall health.
Marking Criteria
Marking Criteria (cont’d)