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subject-hcg 1

Fundamental Duties
Complement
Fundamental Rights
 WHAT ARE
FUNDAMENTAL
DUTIES ?
The Fundamental Duties are defined
as the moral obligations of all
citizens to help to promote a spirit of
patriotism and to uphold the unity
of India.
The Fundamental Duties are
mentioned in Article 51A under
Part- IV A of the Indian
Constitution.
There are total eleven
Fundamental Duties in our
Indian Constitution up to date.
Originally ten in number, the Fundamental
Duties were increased to eleven by the
86th Amendment in 2002, which added a
duty of every parent or guardian to ensure
that their child or ward was provided
opportunities for education between the
age of six to fourteen years
 Fundamental Duties are important as they
are meant to protect and awaken people to
their cultural heritage and are also expected
to tame unruly elements in the society.
They tend to strengthen national harmony as
they stir up patriotism amongst the citizens.
Now let us discuss
about the
Fundamental
Rights
 Fundamental Rights are a group of
rights that have been recognized by
the Supreme Court as requiring a high
degree of protection from
government encroachment. These
rights mainly include economic rights,
social rights and cultural rights.
The Fundamental Rights are mentioned
in Part III of the Indian Constitution from
Article 14 to Article 35
There are total six Fundamental Rights in our
Indian Constitution till today.
1.Right to Equality
2.Right to Freedom of Speech
3.Right against Exploitation
4.Right to Freedom of Religion
5.Cultural and Educational Rights
6.Right to Constitutional Remedies
Initially there were seven Fundamental rights
at the time of origin but Right to Property
was later converted into legal right by the
44th amendment of the Constitution in 1978.
AMENDMENT OF THE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
The Fundamental Rights can be
amended by the Parliament by a
constitutional amendment but only if
the amendment does not alter the basic
structure of the Constitution. The
Fundamental Rights can be suspended
during a national emergency except the
rights guaranteed under Articles 20 and
21
The Fundamental Rights are important
as they protect the liberties and freedom
of the citizens against any invasion by
the state and prevent the establishment
of authoritarian and dictatorial rule in
the country. They are very essential for
the all-around development of the
individuals and the country. They also
act as a bedrock to democracy as they
guarantee equality to all the citizens of
the nation.
 COMPLEMENT BETWEEN FUNDAMENTAL
RIGHTS AND DUTIES
The Constitution has provided Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties
to all its citizens for their overall development. There is a special relationship

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between Fundamental Rights and Duties as they both are complementary to
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each other. We cannot imagine the existence of Rights in absence of Duties. In
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the Constitution of 1950 there was only the provision of Fundamental Rights
but not of Fundamental Duties. But in 1976, while making the amendment in

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the Constitution, it was felt that the Fundamental Duties of the citizens must
be mentioned. Therefore in Section IV A of the Constitution, 10 Fundamental
Duties of the citizens were added. Without performing duties, making use of
Fundamental Rights is not possible. These duties have been mentioned for
creating a feeling of patriotism in the citizens. Fundamental Rights and Duties
are the two sides of a same coin. If we want our Rights, we must be ready to
perform our Duties.
Made by – Naman Makhija
Roll No. – 23
Class – 9 B
th

Submitted to – Ms. Anu

(HCG 1 Teacher)