TOPIC

Risk Factors And Control Of Cancer In Pakistani Society

SUBMITTED TO: Dr. Muhammad Mansha

SUBMITTED BY: Muhammad Azhar Hussain
ROLL No. MSF1900019
SESSION: 2019-21

(MS Zoology; 2nd Semester)

CANCER
Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells
in the body. Cancer develops when the body's normal
control mechanism stops working.
 Old cells do not die and instead grow out of control,
forming new, abnormal cells. These extra cells may
form a mass of tissue, called a tumor
RISK FACTOR
 Something that makes a person more likely to get a
particular disease or condition
COMMON TYPES OF CANCER IN PAKISTAN
There are different types of cancer are common in
human male and female.
IN FEMALES
Breast cancer
Lip or oral cancer
Cervix cancer
Ovary cancer
Esophagus cancer
IN MALES
Lip and oral cancer
Lung cancer
Esophagus
Prostate
Leukemia
Liver cancer
BREAST CANCER
Most abundant in Pakistan out of the Asian countries
excluding Israel.
Karachi is most effected city.
RISKS FACTORS
Age
Socio-Economic Status
Reproductive Factors
Family History
Obesity, Overweight and Physical Activity
Diet and Vitamin Intake
Alcohol Consumption
Sleep Routine and Night Shift
Age at First Child-Birth
Breastfeeding
Endogenous Hormones
Oral Contraceptive Pills
Breast Density
Smoking
CONTROL
Early diagnoses
Giving awareness
Taking exercise
Proper diet
Adequate treatment
Proper sleep
Proper breast feeding
LIP AND ORAL CANCER
RISK FACTORS
Tobacco
Alcohol
Genetic
Environment
CONTROL
Limit the use of tobacco
Stop drinking alcohol.
Try to live in healthy environment.
LUNG CANCER
RISK FCTORS
Smoking,
Pesticide exposure
Diesel exhaust
Meat consumption
CONTROL
Consuming vegetables
Fruits
Milk
Juices
Stop smoking
Clean environment 
OESOPHAGUS CANCER
RISK FACTORS
Obesity
Alcohol
Tobacco
CONTROL
Take proper exercise
Physical activity
Stop drinking alcohol
Limit smoking
PROSTAT CANCER
RISK FACTORS
Socio- economic status
Red meat consumption
Sedentary lifestyle
Obesity
Consumption of high saturated fats in diet
CONTROL
More intake of fruits
Vegetables
Fluid intake 
DIAGNOSIS
Self examining
Mammography
CT scan
MRI
TREATMENT
Surgery
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
Targeted therapy
REFERENCES

https://jpma.org.pk/article-details/4456
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25824767/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25987010
https://www.who.int/cancer/country-profiles/pak_en.
pdf
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/233120
5X.2017.1288773