Training and Development – T & D

17.5.21
Today’s Topics

Training methods
Training Methods

Definition: Training is conducted in order to acquaint and train

employees for their present jobs or current jobs they are performing.

Methods:
On the Job Training-OJT
Off the Job Training-OJT
On the Job Training

Trainee works with more experienced employee in the actual work

environment.

1. Job Rotation
2. Apprenticeships
3. Internships
4. Class room Lectures
5. E Learning
 Job Rotation
Definition: Moving employees horizontally or vertically to expand their skills,
knowledge, or abilities.

Explanation:
Job rotation involves lateral transfers that allow employees to work at different jobs
and provides exposure to a variety of tasks. Employers may move new hires through
a rotation of different roles in the organization such as marketing, finance, and
operations before they settle into a permanent position. This allows employees to
develop a broad understanding of how jobs at the organization are interrelated and
how one job may depend on the quality output from another.

"lateral transfer" means the movement of an employee from one position to

another position with the same salary range.
 Apprenticeships
Definition:
Combine instruction with coaching from an experienced mentor.
Explanation:
Apprenticeships are frequently used on‐the‐job training. Trainee works with more
experienced employee in the actual work environment. Training is more effective
in skilled trade or craft jobs such as building trades. The experienced worker
provides support and encouragement in addition to training.

Skilled trades are occupations that require a special skill, knowledge or

ability which can be obtained at a college, technical school or through
specialized training. Skilled trades provide an alternative to jobs that
require four years of college education.
Example:
Construction: which includes trades such as electricians, carpenters,
plumbers, pipefitters, welders, heavy equipment operators and
painters, among others.
Transportation: includes trades such as automotive service technicians
and painters, heavy duty equipment technicians, motorcycle mechanics
etc.

Reference: https://careersintrades.ca/what-are-the-skilled-trades/
Internships
Structured program for students to gain employment experience in
their area of study.

Explanation:
Organizations usually value internships as a way to reduce recruitment
expenses without creating an obligation of regular employment. Interns
also provide a valuable source of new ideas and creativity. Students
participating in internships gain valuable real‐world experience and
greatly enhance their value to prospective employers, particularly in
difficult economic times.
Many HR departments offer internships to students who wish to pursue
an HR career.

Check the “Careers” section of organizational websites to check for

internship opportunities. Society of Human Resource Management
(SHRM.org), CareerBuilder.com, and Monster.com also list internships.
Classroom Lectures

Definition: Training in a traditional classroom setting.

Explanation: Many organizations use classroom instruction along with

other methods to provide a great deal of information in a limited
timeframe. Instructors need to understand the different learning
characteristics of adult learners and the variety of types of instruction
that create interest in the specific technical, interpersonal, or problem‐
solving skills they are teaching.
E.g.: Jobs that may require classroom lecture training include insurance
agents or financial advisors.
E‐learning

Definition: Uses computer technology to deliver a variety of training

methods.
Explanation: E‐learning that include videos, quizzes, games,
animations, and even virtual reality tours. Some research has shown,
however, that employees who participate in online orientation don’t
understand the job or company as well as employees who participate in
a traditional face‐to‐face orientation may also don’t understand the job
or work practices.
This may indicate that a combination of online and face‐to‐face
orientation is more effective than a completely online experience.
 E‐learning

E.g.: After UPS started using games to train new truck drivers, the number of
drivers that failed training dropped from 30 percent to 10 percent.
Jobs that may require classroom lecture training include insurance agents or
financial advisors.

UPS company: https://www.ups.com/us/es/about.page?

The story of UPS, the world's largest package delivery company, began more than a
century ago with a $100 loan to jumpstart a tiny messenger service. How we
evolved into a multi-billion-dollar global corporation reflects the history of modern
transportation, international commerce, logistics and financial services.
Off the Job Training-Simulations/Vestibule Training

Simulation: Any artificial environment that attempts to closely mirror an actual

working condition.

Vestibule training: Using actual work tools or equipment in a training situation.

E.g.: Pilots are trained on simulations using vestibule training. Computer aided
work environment where human faces simulated machines/devices in order to
improve further and exhibit excellence while using actual devices/machines/air
planes etc.
Discussion
Conclusion

Depending upon the nature and size of business organization, HR

Department needs to incorporate that training method which is most
relevant for training employees per the demands of time and situation.