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  • Burns

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    merna hazazah
    1 views32 pages
    This document outlines the approach to treating burn patients. It discusses assessing the airway, breathing, circulation, determining burn area and depth, fluid resuscitation guidelines, preventing hypothermia, managing pain and other issues. The structured approach focuses on ABCDE, determining burn depth and area, good IV access, early fluid replacement to prevent shock, and covering the patient to prevent hypothermia. Early death can result from airway obstruction, respiratory failure or shock, while late death is due to renal failure, sepsis or multiple organ failure.

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    This document outlines the approach to treating burn patients. It discusses assessing the airway, breathing, circulation, determining burn area and depth, fluid resuscitation guidelines, preventing hypothermia, managing pain and other issues. The structured approach focuses on ABCDE, determining burn depth and area, good IV access, early fluid replacement to prevent shock, and covering the patient to prevent hypothermia. Early death can result from airway obstruction, respiratory failure or shock, while late death is due to renal failure, sepsis or multiple organ failure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    1 views32 pages

    Burns

    Uploaded by

    merna hazazah
    This document outlines the approach to treating burn patients. It discusses assessing the airway, breathing, circulation, determining burn area and depth, fluid resuscitation guidelines, preventing hypothermia, managing pain and other issues. The structured approach focuses on ABCDE, determining burn depth and area, good IV access, early fluid replacement to prevent shock, and covering the patient to prevent hypothermia. Early death can result from airway obstruction, respiratory failure or shock, while late death is due to renal failure, sepsis or multiple organ failure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 32

    Primary Trauma

    Care

    1 PTC
    PTC
    Burns
    Objectives
    • To understand the structured
    approach to the burnt patient
    • To recognize and treat the
    consequences of severe burns

    192 PTC
    Burns
    Approach
    • Stop the burning
    • ABCDE
    • Determine area of burn
    • Good IV access
    • Early fluid replacement
    • Prevent hypothermia

    193 PTC
    Burns
    Mortality
    • airway obstruction
    Early death • respiratory failure
    • shock

    • renal failure
    Late death • sepsis
    • multiple organ failure
    194 PTC
    PTC
    Burns
    Airway

    Consider early intubation


    • ↑ Hoarseness

    • Difficulty swallowing secretions

    • ↑ Respiratory distress

    • Transfer required

    195 PTC
    Burns
    Breathing
    Suspect inhalational injury
    • Fire in enclosed space

    • Burns around mouth, face, nasal hair

    • Respiratory distress

    • Hoarseness, cough, stridor

    • Ash in sputum

    196 PTC
    Burns
    Circulation

    • Treat shock
    • Calculate ongoing fluids on size of
    burn
    • Oral rehydration possible in smaller
    burns
    • Maintain urinary output 0.5-1.0
    ml/kg/hr
    197 PTC
    PTC
    Burn Area Assessment

    Head and neck 9%


    Upper limb 9%
    Front of trunk 18%
    Back of trunk 18%
    Lower limb 9%
    Perineum 1%
    198 PTC
    Burns
    Circulation - Fluid Resuscitation

    • 2-4 ml crystalloid/kg/% burn in first


    24 hours
    • 1/2 of fluid in first 8 hours
    • 1/2 of fluid over next 16 hours
    • Remember maintenance fluids
    • Calculations are only a guide
    199 PTC
    Burns
    Exposure

    Cover patient to prevent


    hypothermia

    200 PTC
    Burns
    Assessment of depth

    201 PTC
    Burns
    Assessment of depth
    • Superficial: pain, erythema, no
    blisters

    201 PTC
    PTC
    Burns
    Assessment of depth
    • Superficial: pain, erythema, no
    blisters
    • Partial thickness: painful, weeping,
    blisters, mottled

    201 PTC
    PTC
    Burns
    Assessment of depth
    • Superficial: pain, erythema, no
    blisters
    • Partial thickness: painful, weeping,
    blisters, mottled
    • Full thickness: painless, white/dark
    and leathery

    201 PTC
    PTC
    Burns
    Assessment of depth
    • Superficial: pain, erythema, no blisters
    • Partial thickness: painful, weeping,
    blisters, mottled
    • Full thickness: painless, white/dark
    and leathery
    • Depth less important than size in early
    resuscitation

    201 PTC
    Burns
    Other issues

    • Analgesia
    • Nasogastric drainage
    • Tetanus prophylaxis
    • Consider escharotomy
    • Beware of other injuries
    • Beware electrical burns

    202 PTC
    PTC
    Burns
    Other issues

    • Analgesia
    • Nasogastric drainage
    • Tetanus prophylaxis
    • Consider escharotomy
    • Beware of other injuries
    • Beware electrical burns

    202 PTC
    PTC
    Burns
    Other issues

    • Analgesia
    • Nasogastric drainage
    • Tetanus prophylaxis
    • Consider escharotomy
    • Beware of other injuries
    • Beware electrical burns

    202 PTC
    PTC
    Burns
    Other issues

    • Analgesia
    • Nasogastric drainage
    • Tetanus prophylaxis
    • Consider escharotomy
    • Beware of other injuries
    • Beware electrical burns

    202 PTC
    PTC
    PTC
    Burns

    ?
    203 PTC
    Burns
    Summary
    • ABCDE
    • Beware co-existing injuries
    • Consider early intubation
    • Fluids
    • Beware hypothermia

    204 PTC

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