Lenz's Law

Lenz's law states that the direction of the

induced e.m.f. is such that it always tends
to oppose the cause which produce it
 More counter Force is developed when the speed of the
conductor, magnetic force, conductor size or conductor
conductivity increases

Direction of Motion
Counter Force
⬆️⬆️⬆️
N

N ⬆️⬆️⬆️
= Moving = magnet = Lines of force
conductor S
Changing Iron
magnetic field EMF
core

Alternating Changing
current Magnetic Field

Mechanical work is done against the opposing

force experienced by the moving magnet, and this
work is converted into electrical energy as
indicated by induced current flowing in the circuit
 Transformer
• A Transformer is an electrical
device which, by the principles of
electromagnetic induction.
• It transfers electrical energy from
one electric circuit to another,
without changing the frequency.
• Transformer either increases or
decreases AC voltage, two types
step-up and step-down.