CONSTRUCTION OF ROAD

FROM

AMBOOTIA TO 5-GHAREY

PRESENTED BY
Bhumika Rai (19CVLC04)

Under the guidance of

Ms. Uden Kiroung Sherpa
(H.O.D Civil Department)
 INTRODUCTION:
 The construction of road is situated from Ambootia to 5- Gharey, which falls under Kurseong
Block, which lies within the jurisdiction of Darjeeling District of West Bengal.

 Road is 3km long.

 The existing road is generally an earthen track with rocky surface in some stretches.

 The existing road does not having proper road geometry. Some of the stretches of the project road
have to be re-aligned for smoothening the movement through the project road. Hill side drains,
breast wall and edge stones have been considered in hilly stretches.

 There are tea gardens, plantations & forest adjacent to some stretches of the project road.

 Necessary protection works have been proposed for cross drainage works.
SITE IMAGES:
SITE IMAGES:
 LITERATURE SURVEY:
PAPER TITLE The purpose of the estimate

AUTHOR Don Kipper

endeavour business media, jan. 6, 2020

PUBLISHER,YEAR,VOL. No. & ISSUER No.

Construction estimating is a crucial process that involves forecasting and

evaluating the costs associated with a construction project. There are two main
types of estimates: preliminary (budget) estimates and detailed estimates.
Preliminary estimates provide a rough overview of costs, while detailed
estimates delve into specific aspects, providing a more accurate picture. A good
estimate is essential for contractors to avoid losses and for customers to
prevent overpayment. The purpose of an estimate differs for owners and
FINDINGS / DESCRIPTION
contractors, helping owners evaluate feasibility and make financing decisions,
while enabling contractors to prepare competitive bids and assess profitability.
Accurate estimating, considering factors like construction type, schedule,
labour availability, and sequence, forms the foundation for profitable
contracting.
 LITERATURE SURVEY:
PAPER TITLE Bar Bending Schedule: Preparation, Applications, and Standards

AUTHOR Mubarak Shittu

PUBLISHER,YEAR,VOL. No. & ISSUER No. Structville Integrated Services, November 7,2020

The bar bending schedule (BBS) is a quality control system used in

FINDINGS / DESCRIPTION
construction. It is a detailed document that provides information about
reinforcement requirements for various structural members. The BBS
includes bar marks, reinforcement types and sizes, cutting lengths, and precise
positioning details. Its purpose is to ensure efficient reinforcement cutting,
bending, and placement on site while minimizing wastage. The BBS is
prepared in a way that allows easy recognition of reinforcement specifications,
and it is issued for different structural elements. Overall, the BBS is a crucial
tool for quality assurance, coordination, and accurate implementation of
reinforcement in construction projects.
 LITERATURE SURVEY:
Slope stability analysis by the limit equilibrium method: Fundamentals and
PAPER TITLE methods

AUTHOR Huang, Y. H.
American Society of Civil Engineers.
PUBLISHER,YEAR,VOL. No. & ISSUER No. 2014, February

The limit equilibrium method, which is commonly used for slope stability
analysis, is explored in detail for both two and three-dimensional scenarios.
This method helps identify potential failure mechanisms and calculates factors
of safety to assess the stability of various geotechnical structures such as
retaining walls, foundations, dams, mining sites, and landslides. The
fundamentals covered in the article include slope movements, stability analysis
methods, mechanics of slope failure, laboratory and field testing to determine
FINDINGS / DESCRIPTION
soil shear strength, estimation of phreatic surfaces, and remedial measures for
slope correction. The article also delves into different techniques for stability
analysis, including simple formulas for plane failures, stability charts, methods
of slices for two-dimensional analysis, three-dimensional analysis techniques,
and the reliability of slope design
 LITERATURE SURVEY:
PAPER TITLE Stability analysis of road cut slope near Devprayag in Lesser Himalaya, India

AUTHOR Tariq Anwar Ansari, K.H. Singh, T.N. Singh and Jayant Nath Tripathi

Indian Academy of Sciences, J. Earth Syst. Sci. (2020) 129:132

PUBLISHER,YEAR,VOL. No. & ISSUER No.

FINDINGS / DESCRIPTION
To assess slope stability, numerical simulations were conducted using both the
limit equilibrium method (LEM) and the finite element method (FEM) under
dry and saturated conditions. The factor of safety, a key parameter indicating
stability, was analyzed for both methods. The finite element simulations
provided additional insights by assessing principal stresses and displacement
vectors, offering a better understanding of the slope stability issues. This study
highlights the importance of conducting slope stability analysis along
highways and roads in mountainous regions. The use of numerical methods
such as LEM and FEM provides valuable insights into the stability of slopes,
aiding in the identification of potential failure points and the implementation
of necessary mitigation measures.
LITERATURE SURVEY:
PAPER TITLE Rural Road Network Planning by using GIS Methodology

AUTHOR Javedali M Jalegar, Ch. Shaheen Begum

International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology
PUBLISHER,YEAR,VOL. No. &
(IJERT) Vol. 6 Issue 04, April-2017
ISSUER No.

.
The condition of rural infrastructure and the lack of comprehensive road
databases often hinder access to rural areas. Recognizing this, a study was
conducted with the objective of developing a Geographic Information System
(GIS)-based rural road database for Sangareddy District in Telangana, India.
The creation of this GIS database holds great potential for benefiting
planners, decision makers, researchers, and authorities involved in the rural
FINDINGS / DESCRIPTION road sector. The study utilized network analysis techniques to identify the
shortest and alternative paths from different villages to growth centres. The
selection of growth centres was based on factors such as the presence of rural
infrastructure facilities and the number of trough-routes they possess. By
incorporating these criteria, the network analysis helped identify optimal
routes that would enhance connectivity and accessibility within the district.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVE:

(1) To study the analysis of slope stability

(2) To prepare the estimation for construction of culverts
(3) To prepare the Study area map and Land use and Land cover (LULC) using
satellite imageries,
(4) To prepare a Bar Bending Schedule for culverts
METHODOLOGY:

Literature Aims &

Site Visit Data Collection
Survey Objectives

Report Conclusion Result Analysis

DATA COLLECTION:
 Collection of data for estimation:
The essential data needed for estimation and costing of culverts include:

1. Design specifications

2. Material specifications

3. Construction methodology

4. Cost data for labour, materials, and equipment

DATA COLLECTION:
 Collection of data for Slope Stability:
The unit weight of the soil, cohesion, and angle of internal friction had been updated
through previous tests conducted on the site.
It provides valuable information for the analysis. These parameters are essential for
determining the shear strength and resistance of the soil.
Some common assumptions made in slope stability analysis include:
• Groundwater Conditions
• Soil Layering and Properties
• Soil Strength Parameters
• Geometrical Factors
DATA COLLECTION:
 Collection of data for detailed map of road area:
• Access USGS Earth Explorer platform for satellite images and geospatial data.
• Download relevant satellite images of the proposed site.
• Import the satellite images into QGIS, an open-source GIS software.
• Geo-reference and align the satellite images with other spatial datasets in QGIS.
• Import vector data of roads into QGIS.
• Combine satellite images and vector data to accurately represent the road network.
• Use QGIS plugins and features to trace or manually draw roads.
• Refine the road network by adjusting alignment and curvature in QGIS.
• Generate a study map by combining processed satellite images and vector data.
• Customize the map layout, add labels, legends, and other cartographic elements in QGIS.
RESULT:
 Estimation:
• The estimated costs for constructing two culverts of different sizes.
• The first culvert, with a size of 1.5m, has an estimated total cost of Rs 3,52,925.99.
• The second culvert, measuring 2m in size, is estimated to cost Rs 4,69,046.46.
• It provides a clear breakdown of the projected expenses for each culvert, allowing
for better understanding and planning of the construction project.
RESULT:
 Slope Stability Analysis
For the slope stability analysis, the values are assumed to find the least Factor of Safety.
1. Manual Calculation:
Obtained and Assumed Data:
2. Soil Unit weight (γ) = 1.88Kn/m^3
3. Cohesion of the soil (C) = 1.15 kPa
4. Angle of Internal Friction (φ) = 32.5˚
5. Height of the Slope (H) = 6m
6. Base width of the soil (B) = 13.5m
RESULT:
 Slope Stability Analysis
Total vertical force (Fv)
= Soil Unit Weight * Height of Slope = 11.28 kN/m
Total horizontal force (Fh)
= Cohesion * Base Width of Slope = 15.525 kN/m
Active horizontal force (Fha)
= Fv * tan(φ) =7.048 kN/m
Factor of safety (FOS)
= Fh / Fha = 2.2
RESULT:
2. Software Calculation:
RESULT:
2. Software Calculation:
Least 5 Critical Values

Slip # FOS X Centre Y Centre Radius Details

78 2.735 13.195 14.713 13.161 Critical (Analysis)

53 2.738 12.807 14.93 13.475

58 2.744 12.991 15.097 13.719
83 2.745 13.374 14.878 13.399
63 2.755 13.178 15.263 13.965
RESULT:
 QGIS Mapping
 GANTT CHART

ACTIVITY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY

Literature
Survey

Data Collection

Result

Report
 REFERENCES:
 Don Kiper (2020). The Purpose of the Estimate. Endeavour Business Media, Jan. 6, 2020

 Mubarak Shittu (2020). Bar Bending Schedule: Preparation, Applications, and Standards. Structville
Integrated Services, November 7,2020.

 D. V. Griffiths a n d P. A. Lane (2001). Slope stability analysis by finite elements

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-019-10007-3. Article in Géotechnique, September 2001

 Tariq Anwar Ansari, K.H. Singh, T.N. Singh and Jayant Nath Tripathi (2020). Stability analysis of
road cut slope near Devprayag in Lesser Himalaya, India. Indian Academy of Sciences, J. Earth Syst.
Sci. (2020) 129:132

 Javedali M Jalegar, Ch. Shaheen Begum (2017). Rural Road Network Planning by using GIS

Methodology. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)

http://www.ijert.org ISSN: 2278-0181 ,Vol. 6 Issue 04, April-2017,www.ijert.org
THANK YOU