JOURNAL READING

2018 ESC/ESH
GUIDELINES FOR THE
MANAGEMENT OF
ARTERIAL
HYPERTENSION
Disusun Oleh : Klp. R8

Pembimbing :
dr. M. Dzikrul Haq Karimullah, Sp.JP, FIHA
NIP. 198508212011011005

KEPANITERAAN KLINIK ILMU PENYAKIT DALAM

RSUD KABUPATEN KEDIRI
FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN
UNIVERSITAS WIJAYA KUSUMA SURABAYA
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2023
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Introduction
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These 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of
arterial hypertension are designed for adults with
hypertension, i.e. aged ≥ 18 years.
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The purpose of the review and update of
these Guidelines was to evaluate and
incorporate new evidence into the Guideline
recommendations
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The specific aims of these Guidelines were
to produce
pragmatic recommendations to improve the
detection and treatment of hypertension
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To improve the poor rates of BP
control by promoting simple and
effective treatment strategie
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What is new and what has changed in the 2018 ESC/ESH Arterial
Hypertension Guidelines?

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What is new and what has changed in the 2018 ESC/ESH Arterial
Hypertension Guidelines?

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What is new and what has changed in the 2018 ESC/ESH Arterial
Hypertension Guidelines?

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Definition of
Hypertension
Hypertension is defined as office SBP values
≥140 mmHg and/or
diastolic BP (DBP) values ≥90 mmHg.

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Classification of office blood pressure and definitions of hypertension grade

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Prevalence of Hypertension
The global prevalence of
hypertension was estimated
to be 1.13 billion in 2015

The overall prevalence of

hypertension in adults is
around 30 - 45%,

Hypertension becomes
progressively more common
with advancing age, with a
prevalence of >60% in
people aged >60 years.

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Factors Influencing Cardiovascular Risk In Patients With Hypertension

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Ten Year Cardiovascular Risk Categories (Systematic Coronary Risk
Evaluation System)

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 Blood Pressure Relationship With Risk Of
Cardiovascular And Renal Events
SBP ≥140 mmHg accounts for most
of the mortality and disability burden
(70%), and the largest number of
SBP-related deaths per year are due to
ischaemic heart disease (4.9 million),
haemorrhagic stroke (2.0 million), and
ischaemic stroke (1.5 million)
BP have an independent and High DBP is associated with
continuous relationship with the increased CV risk and is more
incidence of several CV events commonly
[haemorrhagic stroke, ischaemic elevated in older patients
stroke, myocardial infarction,
sudden death, heart failure, and
peripheral artery disease (PAD)],
as well as end-stage renal disease
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Classification Of Hypertension Stages According To Blood Pressure Levels,
Presence Of Cardiovascular Risk Factors

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Conventional Office Blood Pressure Measurement

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Routine Workup For Evaluation Of Hypertensive Patients

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Pharmacological
Therapy For
Hypertension

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Treatment of Hypertension
Lifestyle Changes
Salt restriction, moderation of
alcohol consumption, high
consumption of vegetables and
fruits, weight reduction and
maintaining an ideal body
weight, and regular physical
activity and stop smoking
Pharmacological
ACE inhibitors, ARBs, beta-
blockers, CCBs, and diuretics
(thiazides and thiazide-like
diuretics such as chlortalidone
and indapamide),
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Pharmacological
Therapy For
Uncomplication
Hypertension

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Pharmacological
Therapy For
Hypertension &
Coronary Artery
Disease

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Pharmacological
Therapy For
Hypertension &
Chronic Kidney
Disease

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Pharmacological
Therapy For
Hypertension &
Heart Failure

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Thank You

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