SCHEME OF WORK

WEEK 1 Technology of different information age

WEEK 2 Historical development of Computer
WEEK 3 Generations of Computers
WEEK 4 Basic computer concept
WEEK 5 UNIFIED TEST
WEEK 6 Data and information, and Information
transmission
WEEK 7 MID-TERM BREAK
WEEK 8 Classification of means of transmitting
information
WEEK 9 ICT application in Everyday life
WEEK 10 ICT and the Society
WEEK 11 Revision
 TECHNOLOGY OF DIFFERENT INFORMATION AGE
Information age is the successive periods or ages that
links the human past on development of technological
framework from simple concept at each stage to more
technologically complex than the one before it.
DIFFERENT INFORMATION AGE
The different information age are:
1. Stone age
2. Iron age
3. Middle age
4. Industrial age
5. Electronic age
6. Digital age
1. STONE AGE:
This is the earliest period of human cultures that is
characterized by the use of stone to make tools and
simple implements. Also, some organic materials
such as Antler, Bone, Fiber, Leather and wood were
also employed in the making of tools and weapons.
2. IRON AGE:
This is the period after stone age marked with the
prevalent use of iron and steel. The adoption and
use of iron or steel during this period to make tools,
weapons and personal implements brought
noticeable culture and civilization of people.
3. MIDDLE AGE:
This was the age of great scientific discoveries and
inventions. During this era, people were forced to
rely on the resources they had at hand to create
tools to help them in farming, building, clothing and
other daily tasks. It is also called MEDIEVAL ERA.
4. INDUSTRIAL AGE:
This age is surrounded by the changes in economic
and social organization, advancing the quality of life
worldwide. This age is characterized by the use of
steam-powered machines to handle train,
automobile, cyborg, e.t.c. Early major innovations
were used by humans back then.
5. ELECTRONIC AGE:
This period is dominated by the use of electronic
devices and equipment such as television set, radio,
cameras and computers controlled by transistors,
valves and similar components usually powered
from electricity.
6. DIGITAL AGE:
This is the present information age in history
characterized by the use and development of
computers with outstanding effects on life.
Computer enhance global awareness and “global
village” that we are living right now.
ASSIGNMENT 1
WORKBOOK:
Basic Computer Studies / ICT for
JSS 1 by Akinfoyewa Adeniyi E.
CHAPTER ONE
SECTION A, 1 – 2. and
SECTION B, 1 – 4.
 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTERS
In 1613, the word computer was introduced as a person who
carried out calculations. At the end of 18th century, the word
“computer” now describe a machine that carries out
computation. But long before now, fingers and pebbles were
used. So, advancement in technology gave rise to modern
development in technology.
EARLY COUNTING DEVICES
Early men who were mostly hunters count when necessary using
various counting tools such as fingers, stones, sticks, pebbles,
cowries, e.t.c.
a. FINGERS AND TOES:
This is the art of counting along one’s finger and toes to perform
simple calculations such as addition and subtraction in the days
of old.
b. STONE AND PEBBLES:
They were used to represent numbers, which led to
the development of sand tables, to count hens,
cattle, sheep, e.t.c.
c. TALLY STICK:
It was an ancient memory aid device to record and
document numbers, quantities or messages.
d. COWRIES:
In early days, they were used for counting purpose
and currency within Africa.
 MECHANICAL COUNTING AND CALCULATING DEVICE
These are controlled or operated by physical force. This
include Abacus and Slide rule.
(a) ABACUS:
This is a manual calculating tool which has beads to
represent large numbers. It is used primarily to perform
arithmetic operations (addition and subtraction).
(b) SLIDE RULE:
This is used primarily to perform multiplication and
division, and also logarithm, exponentials and
trigonometry. It is also known as Slip Stick. It was made
in 1650 by two English men named Edmund Gunther
and Rev. William Oughtred
 ELECTRO-MECHANICAL COUNTING DEVICE
This is a mechanical device that is operated by
electricity. Some of the electro-mechanical devices
are:
a. John Napier Bone
b. Blaise Pascal Machine
c. Gottfried Leibnitz Machine
d. Joseph Jacquard Loom
e. Charles Babbage Analytical Machine
(a) JOHN NAPIER BONE:
This is an ingenious arithmetic stick for performing
arithmetic operations by the manipulation of rods, called
bones. It was invented by a Mathematician called John
Napier in 1614.
(b) BLAISE PASCAL MACHINE:
Blaise Pascal invented the mechanical calculator in 1642
to assist his Father as a tax commissioner to add,
subtract, multiply, and divide in carrying out difficult tax
accounting.
(c) GOTFRIED LEIBNITZ MACHINE (1646 – 1716):
Wilhelm Gottfried Leibnitz invented the mechanical
calculating machine similar to that of Pascal’s but lacked
the ability to multiply and divide.
(d) JOSEPH JACQUARD LOOM:
Joseph Jacquard invented a power loom with an
automatic card reader with holes punched at
different positions to communicate with machines in
1801. It is an important step in development of
computers.
(e) CHARLES BABBAGE ANALYTICAL MACHINE:
In 1822, Charles Babbage, a Professor of
Mathematics, devised a calculating machine called
difference engine to mechanically generate
mathematical table and solve different evaluations
 ELECTRONIC COUNTING DEVICES
These are:
1. Herman Hollerith’s Punch card
2. John Von Neumann’s Machine
3. Modern machine
1. HERMAN HOLLERITH’S PUNCH CARDS:
He is an American inventor who developed a mechanical
tabulator, in 1880, based on punch cards to quickly tabulate and
automatically read statistical information punched on the cards.
2. JOHN VON NEUMANN’S MACHINE:
John Von Neumann is an Hungarian-American Mathematician and
Polymath who is the architect of modern digital computer after he
built the first modern type of computer called the MANLAC
(Mathematical Analyzer, Numeric Integrator and Computer)
3.MODERN COMPUTER:
New innovation and inventions of
computer is an ongoing activities that
will result in more discovery of simple,
clear and user-friendly applications of
computer to enrich the society at
large. Phillip Emegwali manufactured
the first fastest computer called
supercomputer.
 ASSIGNMENT 2
WORKBOOK:
Basic Computer Studies / ICT for
JSS 1 by Akinfoyewa Adeniyi E.
CHAPTER TWO
SECTION A, 1 – 5.
 GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS
This is computer terminology that described the
stage of technological development or innovations. It
described the year of development, technology,
speed of operation and storage capacity of computer
system over the years. The generations of computer
did not begin until 1951. For now, there are FIVE
generations of computer. They are:
(a) First Generations Computer
(b) Second Generations Computer
(c) Third Generations Computer
(d) Fourth Generations Computer
(e) Fifth Generations Computer
(a) FIRST GENERATION COMPUTER (1940 – 1956):
This generation was characterized by the use of vacuum
tubes or thermionic valves. The primary storage medium
was made of magnetic drum and uses the programming
language called machine language. Examples of the
computers used then are EDSAC, ENIAC, EDVAC, UNIVAC I &
II,etc.
(b) SECOND GENERATION COMPUTER (1956 – 1963):
Computer of this generation were designed with electronic
transistors, capacitors and resistors that replaced vacuum
tubes; Magnetic core replaced magnetic drum as the
primary storage device; and the High programming
language used was assembly language such as COBOL and
FOTRAN. Examples are UNIVAC III, ATLAS, IBM7070, Honey-
well 800, e.t.c.
 (c) THIRD GENERATION COMPUTERS
(1964 – EARLY 1970’s)
They were designed using integrated circuit (ICs) which replaces
transistor, capacitors and resistors. The ICs were built with hundreds
of electrical components into silicon chip, later followed by Medium
Scale of Integration (MSI) and large Scale Integration (LSI) . The
magnetic core and the solid-state remained the primary memory.
Examples are IBM System/360, IBM System/370, PDP-8 Series, PDP-
11 Series, e.t.c.
(d) FOURTH GENERATION COMPUTERS
(EARLY 1970’s – EARLY 1990’s):
They were designed using Very large Scale Integration circuits
(VLSICs) which means many components in a very small space, thus,
building over 20,000 components unto a single small piece of silicon
chip and this led to the invention of Microprocessors to build pocket
calculators and digital watches. Examples of such computers are
Burroughs B770and HP 3000 microcomputers.
(E) FIFTH GENERATION COMPUTERS
(PRESENT AND BEYOND):
This is characterized by the advent of expert system,
artificial intelligence (AI), Speech processing, Parallel
Architecture, Pattern recognition, and Multimedia
system. Expert system is defined as a computer
system that attempts to mimic the thoughts, process
and reasoning of an expert. Artificial Intelligence is
the ability of the computer to exhibit the behaviours
like an intelligent person.
ASSIGNMENT 3
WORKBOOK:
Basic Computer Studies / ICT for
JSS 1 by Akinfoyewa Adeniyi E.
CHAPTER TWO
SECTION A, 6 – 8. and
SECTION B, 1 – 10.
 BASIC COMPUTER CONCEPT
COMPUTER is an electronic device that accepts data,
process data and gives it out as an output. Thus, the
computer performs their work in three well defined
steps, namely: Accepting input, Processing the input
according to pre-defined rules (programs) and
producing Output.
INPUT-PROCESS-OUTPUT (IPO)
Computer operate on data when the data is entered
on an input device. Then, calculations can be
performed. Finally, a result may be displayed on the
output device.
 PART OF A COMPUTER
The various parts of a computer system are
a. MONITOR: This output part display useful information processed
by the system unit. It is also known as Visual Display Unit (VDU),
Computer screen or Display screen.
b. KEYBOARD: This input part contains all alphabets, number, signs
and symbols used to enter data into the system unit.
c. MOUSE: This is an handheld output device used to enter data into
the system unit.
d. SPEAKER: This output part releases human voice or sound in form
of music, video, and message file, well audible from a computer
system.
e. SYSTEM UNIT: This part houses the computer gadgets which
control all computer operations and processes. Thus, it accept
data, process it and produce meaningful information.
f. MICROPHONE: This part converts sound in the air into another
form, loud and clear.
 CATEGORIES OF COMPUTER
1. INPUT UNIT:
It is used to interact with the computer. Hence, it tells the
computer what to do. E.g. Joystick, Scanners, Light pen, Keyboard,
Digital camera, Webcam, Mouse, Touch screen, e.t.c.
2. PROCESS UNIT:
It performs operation or process information on the computer.
E.g. CPU, MODEM, e.t.c.
3. OUTPUT UNIT
It shows us what the computer is doing. E.g. Monitor, Printer,
Plotter, Projector, e.t.c.
4. BACKING STORAGE DEVICE:
It tells us how the computer saves data and programs. The hard
disk drive stores information and memory unit helps the
computer to remember information. E.g. floppy disk, zip, hard
disk, CD-ROM, DVD, magnetic disk, flash drive, e.t.c.
 ASSIGNMENT 4
WORKBOOK:
Basic Computer Studies / ICT for
JSS 1 by Akinfoyewa Adeniyi E.
CHAPTER THREE
SECTION A, 1 – 3. and
SECTION B, 1 – 15.
 DATA AND INFORMATION
DATA is an unprocessed information or signals that
computer accepts to be processed into meaningful
and useful information. Also, it is a raw information
or unorganized form of alphabets, numbers or
symbols, that is processed by the system unit.
TYPES OF DATA
They are Numeric, Alphabetic, Alphanumeric Data and Multimedia.
1. NUMERIC DATA:
These are data formed from the combination of
numbers and decimal point. The numbers is
in-between 0 and 9 E.g. 2018, 090987654321, 7.26,
e.t.c.
2. ALPHABETIC DATA:
These data contains only letters within the range of
A and Z. e.g. CONQUEROR, BERNADETTE, DOREGOS
ARE CHAMPIONS, e.t.c.
3. ALPHANUMERIC DATA:
These data are formed from the combination of
letters and numbers e.g. OPY-7, DPA4FOREVER, 10Q,
e.t.c.
4. MULTIMEDIA:
These are formed from the combination of sound,
pictures, graphic video and moving elements.
 SOURCES OF DATA
They are the Primary sources and Secondary sources.
1. PRIMARY SOURCES:
These are sources where data are created directly
from an event, speech, or original hand-writing
manuscript.
2. SECONDARY SOURCES:
These are sources where data are obtained after
being improved on, from the original sources or
materials. E.g. Textbooks, Art, Music, Films, Articles,
e.t.c.
 INFORMATION
These are processed data by a computer system, that
are meaningful and useful to the user. It can also be
referred to as OUTPUT or PROCESSED DATA.
SOURCES OF INFORMATION
1. Library.
2. Internet.
3. Books.
4. News paper.
5. Radio.
6. Television.
7. Computer.
 QUALITY OF GOOD INFORMATION
1. It must be accurate.
2. It must be relevant.
3. It must be timely.
4. It must be meaningful.
5. It must be comprehensive.
6. It must be authoritative.
7. It must be cost-beneficial.
 ASSIGNMENT 5
WORKBOOK:
Basic Computer Studies / ICT for JSS 1
by Akinfoyewa Adeniyi E.
CHAPTER FOUR
SECTION A, 1 – 5. and
SECTION B, 1 – 8.
 INFORMATION TRANSMISSION
This is an activity of transferring communication or information from
one place or person to another.
METHODS OF INFORMATION TRANSMISSION
The two major methods of information transmission are Ancient
method and Modern Method.
(1) ANCIENT METHOD:
These are the methods used in the days of old to pass information
from one person or place to another. These include Oral, beating of
drums, fire lightning, Town criers, drawing diagrams, whistling,
representation, e.t.c.
(2) MODERN METHOD:
These were the methods used in our present period of time where
information can be sent and received by machine such as computer.
These enhances communication with target audience without seeing
them face-to-face. Examples are Prints, Telephone, Radio, Television,
Telex, Satellite, Internet, GSM, e.t.c.
 INFORMATION EVOLUTION AND COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY (ICT)
Information transmission can be classified into two main
groups, namely: Electronic media and Non-electronic media.
(1) ELECTRONIC MEDIA:
These are media or devices powered by electricity to
transmit information from one place or person to another.
E.g. Telephone, Telex, Radio, Television, Fax, Satellite,
Internet, GSM, e.t.c.
(2) NON- ELECTRONIC MEDIA:
These are media or devices NOT powered by electricity to
send information from one place or person to another. E.g.
Oral, beating of drums, fire lighting, Town criers, drawing
diagrams, whistling, representation, e.t.c
 MODES OF RECEIVING INFORMATION
This is the medium in which information is received.
They are Audio, Visual, and Audio-visual.
(A) AUDIO INFORMATION
These are the information we received in form of
sounds or voice e.g. radio broadcast, telephone
conversation, musical audio in tapes, CDs, e.t.c.
(B) VISUAL INFORMATION:
These are the information received in form of pictures
and images e.g. newspaper prints, photo album, e.t.c.
(c) AUDIO-VISUAL INFORMATION:
These are the information that involves the use of
sound and pictures e.g. televisions, video tapes, e.t.c.
HOLIDAY ASSIGNMENT
WORKBOOK:
CLASSIC Computer Studies / ICT for
JSS 1 by Akinfoyewa Adeniyi E.
CHAPTER FIVE
SECTION A, 1 – 6. and
SECTION B, 1 – 6.
 CLASSIFICATION OF MEANS OF TRANSMITTING
INFORMATION
Information and communication technology
(ICT) is the use of computers and other
electronic communication means to manage
and process information effectively. ICT is a
major tool of transformation in a modern
society.
 STAGES OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY
The stages of ICT evolution started with the
invention of printing, telephone, radio, television
and computer.
(1.) INVENTION OF PRINTING:
Printing started in 1440 when a German inventor,
Johannes Gutenberg, invented a printing press
process. This was later improved upon and it
remained the major means of printing until the late
twentieth century.
(2.) INVENTION OF TELEPHONE:
Telephone was invented by an American inventor,
Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. Telephone are used for
sending and receiving voice messages and data signals
over long distances.
(3) INVENTION OF RADIO:
The Radio was invented by an Italian inventor,
Guglielmo Marconi in 1895. Radio is the first wireless
transmission of signals. Radio signals are sent through a
Transmitter and received through a Receiver. Radios
were used in the early days for sending telegraphic
messages between ships and land. Today, radio takes
many forms such as wireless networks, mobile
communications and radio broadcasting.
(4.) INVENTION OF TELEVISION:
Television was invented by an American inventor,
Philo Taylor Farnsworth in 1927. Television is an
electronic system that receives and transmit audio
and video signals over a distance. The signals are
sent through a Transmitter and received through a
Receiver.
(5) INVENTION OF COMPUTER:
The modern day computer is believed to have been
invented by Charles Babbage who is the world
acclaimed Father of the Computer. Nonetheless,
John Vincent Atanasoff is said to be the inventor of
the First Electronic Digital Computer in 1930. Today,
computer has gone beyond the ordinary machine. It
has become a companion and an indispensable tool
for business. The invention of computer has led to
the invention of the internet, e-mail, the worldwide
web, etc. All these has made the world a global
village.
ASSIGNMENT 6
WORKBOOK:
Basic Computer Studies / ICT for
JSS 1 by Akinfoyewa Adeniyi E.
CHAPTER SIX
SECTION A, 1 – 2. and
SECTION B, 1 – 8.
 ICT APPLICATION IN EVERYDAY LIFE
ICT is an acronym that stands for Information and
Communication Technology. Generally, ICT is the use of
electronic computers, communication devices and software
application to convert, store, protect, process, transmit and
retrieve information from anywhere and anytime.
ICT TERMS EXPLAINED
1. Information refers to the knowledge obtained from
reading, studying or carrying out research.
2. Communication is the act of transmitting messages
between individuals.
3. Technology is a systematic approach to the use of
organized knowledge to aid information and
communication e.g. Telephone, Fax, e.t.c.
 USES OF ICT
1. EDUCATION:
ICT tools such as computers, interactive whiteboards, projectors
and educational software helps in the teaching process.
2. BANKING:
Automated Teller Machine (ATM), cheque deposit, electronic
fund transfer, direct deposit, pay by phone systems aid in
banking systems around the world.
3. INDUSTRY:
ICT helps in the production, planning, control systems and
design in the industrial sector.
4. HOSPITALS:
ICT has contributed in an extensive and advanced technology to
the rapid treatment of ailing patients, thereby improving the
health delivery services today.
 ICT AND THE SOCIETY
ICT is constantly changing and advancing as scientists
and engineers create new technologies for us to use
and enjoy. For example, in the last 50 years, several
technologies have become commonplace such as
personal computers, mobile phones, internet
services, medical scanners, CD/DVD, Satellites,
lasers, television, credit cards, e.t.c.
ASSIGNMENT 7
WORKBOOK:
Basic Computer Studies / ICT for
JSS 1 by Akinfoyewa Adeniyi E.
CHAPTER SEVEN
SECTION A, 1 – 4, and
SECTION B, 1 – 9.
 SECOND TEST (10 marks)
1. The information we receive in form of
Pictures ,images , audio and sound is called
A Audio B Pictorial C Audio-visual D Visual
2. One of these is a modern means of transmitting information.
A. Whistling B. Internet
C. beating of drum D. lighting of fire
3 Information transmission is classified into_______ main
groups A 5 B 4 C 3 D 2
4 The information we receive in the form of pictures and images
only is called A Audio B Pictorial C Audio-visual D Visual
5 When scattered data are properly arranged in a meaningful
order is called A. Datum B. Data
C. Information D. Arrangement
6 Which of the computer generations made use of vacuum
tubes technology for circuits and magnetic drums for memory ?
A Fourth computer generations B Third computer generations C
Second computer generations D First computer generations
7 The invention of integration circuits was in the _________
generation. A First B Second C Third D Fourth
8 Second generation computers gave birth to
A Silicon chip B Microprocessors C Transistors D Vacuum tubes
9 The _______ brought the fourth generations of computers.
A Integrated circuit B Transistors C Vacuum tubes D
Microprocessors
10 The future computer generation which will base on artificial
intelligence is known as the
A Fourth computer generations B Third computer generations
C Second computer generations D Fifth computer generations
 I LOVE YOU & I WISH YOU
“ALL”
THE SUCCESS, THE BEST AND
EXCELLENCE
IN YOUR FORTH-COMING
EXAMINATION.
READ PSALMS 118 VERSE 25
1. C
2. B
3. D
4. D
5. C
6. D
7. C
8. C
9. D
10.D
 WILLKOMMEN ZURUCK
I WISH YOU
“ALL”
THE SUCCESS, THE BEST AND
EXCELLENCE
THIS SECOND TERM.
READ PSALMS 118 VERSE 25
SECOND TERM SCHEME OF WORK FOR JSS 1 COMPUTER 2017 /2018
 
WEEK TOPICS
1 Revision / introduction to the computer monitor.
2 The system unit.
3 Computer ethics.
4 Word processing.
5 Unified test.
6 Data processing.
7 Mid-term break.
8 Features of a computer.
9 The keyboard and its sections.
10 Sections of the keyboard.
11 Revisions.
12 Examination.
13 Examination.
SCHEME OF WORK
WEEK 1 Revision Classification of means of
transmitting information
2 ICT application in Everyday life
3 ICT and the Society
4 Introduction to the computer monitor.
5 UNIFIED TEST
6 The system unit.
7 Mid term break
8 Computer ethics.
9 Word processing.
10 Data processing.
11 Revision
WEEK 12&13 Examination
REVISION OF FIRST TERM WORK
1. A. State ONE significant difference between
i. Stone age and Iron age
ii. Industrial age and Digital age
B. Using a drawing instruments, draw and state
one use, of the following
i Abacus
ii Slide rule  
2. A. Who is Phillip Emeagwali, and what was his
contributions towards the advancement
Of computer system? Explain thoroughly.

B. State ONE characteristic of :

i. First Generation Computers
ii. Second Generation Computers
iii. Third Generation Computers
iv. Fourth Generation Computers
v. Fifth Generation Computers
3. A. State ONE difference between
i. Input device and Output Device
ii. Process unit and Storage unit
B. Using tables, group the following as input,
output, storage or process device:
DVD, MODEM , CPU , Scanners , Printer , Light
pen , flash drive , Projector , CD-ROM ,
Keyboard , Digital camera , Mouse , Zip , hard
disk , Touch screen.
4. A. State ONE differences between
i. Electronic and Non-electronic media.
ii. Audio information and Visual information.

B. Using a table, classify the following as

Audio , Visual or Audio-Visual:
Newspaper prints , video tapes, Musical audio in
tapes, photo album , radio broadcast , telephone
conversation , televisions , CDs.
5. A. Define the term: PRINTING.
B. Discuss the following means of transmitting
information
i. Invention of Radio
ii. Invention of Television
iii. Invention of Computer
6. A. What is the DEFINITION and the FULL MEANING
of this acronym: “I.C.T.”

B. i. State FOUR various uses of I.C.T.

ii. State the developmental roles of I.C.T. in the
society.
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER MONITOR
Monitor can be defined as an output part of a computer
that display the information processed by the system
unit. It is also known as VISUAL DISPLAY UNIT (VDU) or
COMPUTER SCREEN or DISPLAY SCREEN.
TYPES OF MONITOR
There are TWO main types of Monitor, namely:
Monochrome Monitor and Colour Monitor.
1. MONOCHROME MONITOR:
This is a monitor that has and display only ONE colour
e.g. Black and White television.
2. COLOUR MONITOR:
This is a monitor that has and display many colours.
 CATEGORIES OF COMPUTER MONITOR
The three categories of computer monitors are Cathode ray
tube (CRT), Liquid crystal display (LCD) and Light emitting diode
(LED)
1. CATHODE RAY TUBE :
This is an old form of computer monitor. It is heavy, consumes
high power, has low resolution, emits high radiation and it is no
longer popular in use.
2. LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY:
It is a monitor that is light in weight, occupies less space,
consumes less power, has high resolution and emits low
radiation.
3. LIGHT EMITTING DIODE:
It has similar characteristics with LCD but produced better
pictures.
 TEST(10marks)
1. State the FULL MEANING of the following
acronyms used in computer
a. CRT
b. LCD
c. LED
d. CPU
2. What is a POLYCHROME MONITOR ?
 THE SYSTEM UNIT
This is a metal or plastic enclosure that houses hardware
devices. It houses motherboard, power supply, cooling fans,
internal disk drives , memory modules, expansion cards, e.t.c.
All the hardware devices within a system unit are connected
to the motherboard. It has both internal and external
features.
CASE 1: INTERNAL FEATURES OF THE SYSTEM UNIT
They are CPU, Motherboard, Cooling fan, Power supply, e.t.c.
1. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU) :
It is the brain of a computer system that makes all the major
decisions, calculations, activate and control basic operations
of different parts in a computer. The components of a CPU are
Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU), Control Unit (CU) and Main
memory (MM).
(a) ALU: This performs the arithmetic (addition, subtraction,
multiplication, and division) and logic (inequalities symbols
and exponentials) operations in a CPU.
(b.) CU: This controls and monitors the hardware input, output
and flow of data in a CPU.
(c.) MM: This storage units within the CPU. REGISTER serves as
a temporary storage units.
2. MOTHERBOARD:
This is the main circuit board of a system unit where other
components are attached or built on.
3. COOLING FAN:
This cools the CPU and other crucial components.
4. POWER SUPPLY:
This converts standard electrical power into a form the
computer can use.
CASE 2: EXTERNAL FEATURES OF THE SYSTEM UNIT
They are Power button, reset button, hard disk drives,
ports, e.t.c.
1. POWER BUTTON:
This helps to put on or put off a computer.
2. RESET BUTTON:
This helps to adjust and rectify maladjustment of behaviour
in a computer to a normal mode.
3. HARD DISK DRIVES (HDD):
This helps to store all files and programs forever with or
without electricity.
4. PORTS:
These are used to connect external electronic device to a
computer.
 ASSIGNMENT
State the functions of the following
components in a system unit of a
computer.
1. Internal Bus.
2. Register.
3. Memory slots.
4. Memory chips.
 COMPUTER ETHICS
This is a set of moral principles that regulate the use of
computers. This include computer room management ethics
and laboratory rules and regulations.
COMPUTER ROOM MANAGEMENT ETHICS
(1.) Always keep the computer environment clean from dust
(2.) The computer room must be well ventilated so as to
provide a cool environment for all computer equipment and
users.
(3.) The computer room should be well lit up for good visibility.
(4.) Users should not alter the computer settings.
(5.) Users should not litter the computer room with dirts.
(6.) The computers in the computer room should be properly
set to allow free movement of users in the computer room.
 COMPUTER LABORATORY RULES AND REGULATIONS
1. Arrange chairs and tables in a comfortable manner.
2. Arrange the computers and their pheripheral in an
orderly manner.
3. Do not fiddle with any wires, plugs or electrical
fittings.
4. Always ask for permission from the lab attendant
before installing any software into the computer.
5. Do not fix or repair any faulty computers in the
computer room.
6. Avoid drinking or eating in the computer room.
7. Maintain silence and avoid disturbing other users.
 WORD PROCESSING
This is the process of preparing and printing documents by
using the computer and computer programs. Also, this is the
process of manipulating characters to generate words,
sentences, paragraphs and document. It is also the process
of handling letter or office document using a computer.
FEATURES OF WORD PROCESSOR
1. Create new documents
2. Saving the document on disk for future use.
3. Previewing the document on the monitor before
printing.
4. Allow us to send documents to the printer to get hard
copy.
5. Opening existing document for editing
 USES OF A WORD PROCESSOR
1. It can be used for typing document.
2. It can be used to print out document.
3. It enable us to store documents electronically on
a disk.
4. It has file management capabilities which allows
us to create, delete, move and search for files.
5. It enables documents to be displayed on the
screen so that we can modify them easily.
Examples of word processor include: Microsoft
word, word star, word pad, word perfect, Notepad,
Lotus, word Pro, Ami pro, e.t.c.
 CLASS WORK
(i) What is a Word Processor ?
(ii) State the basic difference between Word
processing and Word Processor.
 LOADING MS WORD
STEPS FOLLOWED:
1. Move the mouse pointer to the START button and
click it.
2. Move the pointer to ALL PROGRAMS and identify
MICROSOFT OFFICE, click it and locate the
MICROSOFT WORD and then, click it.
CREATING A DOCUMENT
STEPS FOLLOWED:
1. Click MICROSOFT OFFICE button
2. Click NEW
3. Select blank DOCUMENT
4. Click CREATE
 SAVING A DOCUMENT
STEPS FOLLOWED:
1. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click the SAVE button.
2. Click the MICROSOFT OFFICE button
3. Click SAVE AS.
4. In the File Name field, type the name of the document.
5. Click SAVE.
RETRIEVING A FILE
1. Click the MICROSOFT OFFICE button.
2. Click OPEN, search for the name of the file, click it to retrieve it.
EXITING MS-WORD
1. Click the MICROSOFT OFFICE button and then click CLOSE.
2. The MICROSOFT OFFICE BUTTON dialogue box appears,
displaying “Do you want to save….?” message: Click SAVE or
DON’T SAVE or CANCEL (to close the dialogue box)
 DATA PROCESSING
This is the process of collecting all items of
data together and preparing operations on
them in other to get the required information.
This information can be obtained in form of
diagrams, reports or tables.
METHODS OF DATA PROCESSING
The methods involved in processing data are:
(i) Manual method
(ii) Mechanical method
(iii) Electronic method
(i) MANUAL METHOD:
This is the act of data processing by using our brain,
pen and paper.
(ii) MECHANICAL METHOD:
This is the act of data processing by using machines
and other mechanical device. It does not require
electricity and it is usually faster than manual
method e.g. Typewriter
(iii) ELECTRONIC METHOD:
This is the act of data processing by using electronic
device. It requires electricity and it is a modern, best
way, very fast, accurate and reliable in processing
data e.g. computer
 DATA PROCESSING CYCLE
This is the sequence of steps needed to perform a
particular task all over again. It is also a repetitive
order in which data is processed.
STAGES OF DATA PROCESSING CYCLE
The SIX stages of data processing cycle are:
(i) Data gathering
(ii) Data preparation
(iii) Data input
(iv) Data processing
(v) Data storage
(vi) Data output
DIAGRAM SHOWING STAGES OF DATA PROCESSING CYCLE

DATA
GATHERING

DATA
PREPARATION
FOR INPUT

DATA STORAGE
DATA INPUT

DATA
PROCESSING

DATA OUTPUT
 STAGES OF DATA PROCESSING CYCLE
(i) DATA GATHERING:
This involves the collection of data for proper computation. It
could be time consuming and boring sometimes.
(ii) DATA PREPARATION:
This is the preparation of the computer to process data.
(iii) DATA INPUT:
This involves the entering of data into the computer system.
(iv)DATA PROCESSING:
This involves the manipulation of data entered into a computer
system.
(v) DATA STORAGE:
This is the act of storing data in a safe memory.
(vi) DATA OUTPUT:
This involves the provision of useful information to the user.
 IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER AS A TOOL FOR
PROCESSING DATA
1. INCREASED ACCURACY: The results obtained for a
correct input of data in a computer produces
error-free and reliable information.
2. EFFICIENT STORAGE FACILITIES: Computer can
process and store a very large volume of data within a
very short time.
3. SPEED: The computer processes data at a very fast
speed that can never be matched using manual or
mechanical methods. This usually improve
organisation or institution efficiency.
4. COMPLEXITY: The computer handles complex
data that could never be handled manually.
5. CONSISTENCY: The computer does not get tired
like humans but it is very consistent in its
operation.
6. HANDLES REPETITIVE TASKS: It handles sequence
of task without human intervention.
7. AUTOMATIC INSTRUCTION: It carry out
instructions promptly, determing whether it is
true or false or choose other functions among its
alternatives.
 HOLIDAY ASSIGNMENT
1. State FIVE importance of computer in data
processing. (5 marks)
2. (a) Define a KEYBOARD
(b) List and explain the TWO types of
Keyboard (5 marks)
 FEATURES OF A COMPUTER
A Computer is a programmable electronic device which
accepts data as an input, process it, stores it and gives
out information as an output. Thus, computer is needed
for processing information to receive a meaningful and
efficient output as at when needed by a user, stored
permanently or temporarily.
IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER IN DATA PROCESSING
1. INCREASED ACCURACY: The results obtained for a
correct input of data in a computer produces error-
free and reliable information.
2. EFFICIENT STORAGE FACILITIES: Computer can
process and store a very large volume of data within
a very short time.
 ASSIGNMENT
1. State TWO differences between Data processing
and Word Processing.
2. State the full meaning of the following:
(a.) G.S.M.
(b.) I.C.T.
(c.) I.B.M.
(d.) MODEM
THE KEYBOARD AND ITS SECTIONS
The keyboard is an input device used to enter data
into the computer. Keyboards allow a computer user
to input letters, numbers, and other symbols into a
computer. It uses an arrangement of buttons or keys.
It requires pressing and holding several keys
simultaneously or in sequence.
TYPES OF KEYBOARD
Basically, the two types of keyboard are:
1. Standard Keyboard.
2. Enhanced Keyboard.
1. STANDARD KEYBOARD:
This is a keyboard that has 53 keys for carrying out
various functions in a computer. It supersede archaic
designed keyboard such as QWERTY and DVORAK.
2. ENHANCED KEYBOARD:
This is a keyboard that has 101 keys which
superseded the standard keyboard in providing
additional functionality to carry out other meaningful
functions such as boot processes, altering text
commands, and controlling sound and videos. It was
produced by IBM and introduced in 1985. However,
it has been superseded by 104-key Windows
keyboards which include variety of function keys.
 ASSIGNMENT
State one basic difference between the following:
(1.) Keyboard and Mouse
(2.) Standard and Enhanced Keyboard
(3.) What is the full meaning of OMR and state its

function(s)
 EXAMINATION IN PROGRESS.
SILENCE IS A PRIVILEGE.
PLEASE, EMBRACE IT WITH
JOY !
...THE BEST !!!

JSS1,JSS2&JSS 3 9:20-11:30 a.m.

SSS 1 & SSS 2 9:20-11:30 a.m.

 SCHEME OF WORK
WEEK 1 Revision / Definition of Computer processing.
WEEK 2 Importance of Computer as a tool for
processing data.
WEEK 3 The device.
WEEK 4 Types of Computer; Uses and applications of
computer.
WEEK 5 UNIFIED TEST
WEEK 6 Advantages and disadvantages of computer.
WEEK 7 MID-TERM BREAK
WEEK 8 Mastery of the Keyboard.
WEEK 9 Screen pointing devices.
WEEK 10 Mouse techniques.
WEEK 11 Revision.
WEEK 12&13 Examination
 COMPUTER PROCESSING
This can be defined as the act of carrying out various
instructions of a computer program by performing
the basic arithmetic, logical, control and
input/output operations specified by the
instructions. It is started when a program is initiated
either by a user entering a command or by another
program.
ASSIGNMENT
State the relative uses of computer
processing on the society.
 IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER AS A TOOL FOR
PROCESSING DATA
1. INCREASED ACCURACY: The results obtained for a
correct input of data in a computer produces
error-free and reliable information.
2. EFFICIENT STORAGE FACILITIES: Computer can
process and store a very large volume of data within a
very short time.
3. SPEED: The computer processes data at a very fast
speed that can never be matched using manual or
mechanical methods. This usually improve
organisation or institution efficiency.
4. COMPLEXITY: The computer handles complex
data that could never be handled manually.
5. CONSISTENCY: The computer does not get tired
like humans but it is very consistent in its
operation.
6. HANDLES REPETITIVE TASKS: It handles sequence
of task without human intervention.
7. AUTOMATIC INSTRUCTION: It carry out
instructions promptly, determing whether it is
true or false or choose other functions among its
alternatives.
 THE DEVICE
These are simple and sophisticated equipment
or machine adapted for carrying out a
particular purpose to satisfy humans needs.
CLASSES OF DEVICE
There are three basic types of device. They are:
1. Mechanical device.
2. Electronic device.
3. Electrical device.
1. MECHANICAL DEVICE:
These are device that manages the power of forces and
movements to accomplish a task. E.g. lever, screw, wedge,
pulley, etc.
2. ELECTRICAL DEVICE:
These are device that uses electrical energy to perform and
accomplish a task. They take the energy of electrical current,
the flow of electrons in a conductor, and transform it in simple
ways into some form of energy useful for all human
endeavours.
3. ELECTRONIC DEVICE:
These are devices for controlling the flow of electrical currents
for the purpose of information processing and system control.
E.g. Transistors, diodes, Thyristors, etc. They can be grouped
together into packages called integrated circuits.
ASSIGNMENT
LIST THE THREE TYPES
OF COMPUTER AND
EXPLAIN ONE OF THEM.
 TYPES OF COMPUTER
The computer classified based on the type of data processed
are:
a. Analog computer
b. Digital computer
c. Hybrid computer
A. ANALOG COMPUTERS:
These are computers that represent data in a
continuous manner using physical variables. They
measure physical quantities and convert them to
numbers e.g. Barometer (pressure), Thermometer
(temperature), Speedometer (speed), e.t.c.
B. DIGITAL COMPUTERS:
These are computers that operate on discrete
values such as numeric and non-numeric values
to perform mathematical calculations or
computeation on them and produce results e.g.
Dell, Hp, Compaq, Sony, Toshiba, IBM, Acer,
e.t.c.
C. HYBRID COMPUTER:
This combine the features of both analog and
digital computers to produce meaningful
information. They are used in highly scientific
environment and oil companies.
 USES OF COMPUTER
1. SCHOOLS:
Computer can be used in a variety of ways to
augment knowledge and application such as
research on a specific topic, teaching basic
keyboarding and word processing skills, help
learning disable students with reading, Mathematics
or other area of weakness. It also helps students to
have distance education and aid teachers through
the internet to plan their lessons, have pre-made
test, study guides, worksheets and class recording.
2. HOSPITALS:
Computer help medical practitioners to book
appointment with patient, aid in research for medical
breakthroughs, administrative section for cost of
nursing services and saves life of patients that need
urgent medical attention.
3. GOVERNMENT OFFICES:
State and Federal offices of the government use
computers to set up meetings, distribute various
reports through word processing, spreadsheets, and
database management programs, performing various
e-mail functions, payment distribution, record
keeping and even coordinating mailings.
4. BANKS:
Computer in the banking sector have enhanced
customer service and productivity in automating
customer accounts, hardware technology, enabling
advances into wireless banking and
telecommunications banking, electronic
transactions, such as direct deposit, web-based
banking through online banking such as self/others
transfer, checking account balance, e.t.c.
HOLIDAY ASSIGNMENT
1. (a) Define the term: Screen Pointing Device.
(2 marks)
(b) State the functions of FIVE types of screen
pointing device.
(10 marks)
2. (a) Define the term: Mouse techniques.
(2 marks)
(b) Explain FOUR Mouse techniques.
(8 marks)
 ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER
1. BUSINESS:
In business, computer stores volumes of data, multitask
and carry out complex calculation than humans.
2. INTERNET:
With the connectivity of the internet, computer can help
people to video chat with loved ones home and abroad,
get quality education, buy goods, surf the net, play songs,
download softwares, movies, e.t.c. Internet has been
considered as the greatest computer advantage and
invention of all time.
3. PRODUCE EMPLOYMENT:
Every year, computer produces great amount of jobs for
both professionals and amateurs all around the world.
4. FORCASTING WEATHER AND PREDICTING
EARTHQUAKES:
Scientist uses Super computers in weather forecast
and predict the time of earthquakes and volcano
eruptions and hence, save people’s lives from
natural disasters.
5. ONLINE EDUCATION / DISTANCE LEARNING:
Students and professionals can get quality education
at their fingertips through the use of many video
sharing websites for learning.
6. ONLINE TRADING:
People tend to use computer and internet to
purchase and sell their goods through e-commerce.
 DISADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER
1. It spread pornography.
2. Virus and hacking attacks.
3. Online cyber crimes.
4. Data and information violation.
5. Spread of violence and hatred.
6. Computer cannot work on itself.
7. Computer can crash networks.
THE KEYBOARD AND ITS SECTIONS
The keyboard is an input device used to enter data
into the computer. Keyboards allow a computer user
to input letters, numbers, and other symbols into a
computer. It uses an arrangement of buttons or keys.
It requires pressing and holding several keys
simultaneously or in sequence.
TYPES OF KEYBOARD
Basically, the three types of keyboard are:
1. Standard Keyboard.
2. Enhanced Keyboard.
3. Windows Keyboard.
1. STANDARD KEYBOARD:
This is a keyboard that has 53 keys for carrying out
various functions in a computer. It supersede archaic
designed keyboard such as QWERTY and DVORAK.
2. ENHANCED KEYBOARD:
This is a keyboard that has 101 keys which
superseded the standard keyboard in providing
additional functions.
3. WINDOW KEYBOARD:
This is a keyboard that has 104 keys which
superseded the Enhanced keyboard.
 SECTIONS ON THE KEYBOARD
1. THE NUMERIC KEYS: They are activated by
pressing the Num Lock to on or off the functions of
numeric keypad. It is commonly located on the right
of the main Keyboard. It is also called Calculator
Keys.
2. THE ALPHANUMERIC KEYS:
They are used for typing letters, numbers and
notations (sign and symbols) into the computer. They
are located at the central part of the keyboard.
3. THE FUNCTION KEYS:
They are command keys from key F1 to F10 or to F15
to carry out various application packages.
4. THE CURSOR-CONTROL KEYS:
They are used to control the position of
cursor on the screen. It include keys such
as insert, del, home, end, page up, page
down, and the arrow keys. It is also
known as text-editing keys.
5. SPECIAL KEYS:
They contain keys such as Print screen,
pause or break, window, power, alt, ctrl,
caps lock and toggle keys.
 CORRECT SITTING POSITION
With your feet flat on the floor, sit up
straight on a supportive chair that keep
your normal spinal curvature when typing
or keying. Also, your keyboard should be
at a height that allows your elbows to be
bent about 90 degrees and close to your
sides. Keep your eyes focused on the copy
you are typing and keep your wrists
straight and fingers curved over the keys,
with thumbs hanging near the spacebar.
 ASSIGNMENT
1. State one difference between
(a) Standard Keyboard and Enhanced Keyboard.
(b) Windows Keyboard and Enhanced Keyboard.

2. State 4 pointing device and state the functions of

three among them.
 SCREEN POINTING DEVICE
This is the device that controls the
movement of the pointer to select items or
manipulate any object on a display screen.
TYPES OF POINTING DEVICE
1. Mouse.
2. Trackball.
3. Touchpad.
4. Joystick.
5. Light pen.
1. MOUSE:
This is a pointing and clicking device that allows
commands to be sent into the computer. Hence, it is a
pointing, clicking, dragging and dropping device.
2. TRACKBALL:
It is a pointing device that is made up of a ball resting on
two rollers that translate the ball’s motion into vertical
and horizontal movements on the screen. It serves the
purpose as a mouse, but is designed with a moveable ball
on the top, which can be rolled in any direction.
3. TOUCHPAD OR TRACKPAD:
This is a flat control surface used to move the cursor and
perform other functions in which the computer user slides
one or more fingers on to move the cursor on the screen.
4. JOYSTICK:
This is an input device consisting of a stick that
pivots on a base to control the movement of an
image on a computer. They are often used to control
and play video games.
5. LIGHT PEN:
This is a pen-like input device that uses a light-
sensitive detector to select objects on a display
screen.
 ASSIGNMENT
Draw or download the diagram or pictures
of the following screen pointing device in
your note or attach them to your note
respectively.
1. Mouse.
2. Trackball.
3. Touchpad.
4. Joystick.
5. Light pen.
 MOUSE TECHNIQUES
These are ways of using the mouse to
carry out various functions or task on the
computer screen.
VARIOUS FORMS OF MOUSE TECHNIQUES
1. Clicking
2. Double clicking
3. Right clicking
4. Drag
5. Drop.
1. CLICKING:
This is the act of pressing a computer mouse button
ONCE without moving the mouse.
2. DOUBLE CLICKING:
This is the act of pressing a computer mouse button
TWICE quickly without moving the mouse. It allows
two different actions to be associated with the same
mouse button.
3. RIGHT CLICKING:
This is the act of pressing down on the right mouse
button to provide additional functionality to a
computer’s mouse in form of drop down menu. It is
also known as “SECONDARY CLICK”.
4.LEFT CLICKING:
This is the act of pressing down on the
left mouse button for carrying out many
common computer tasks.
5.DRAG-AND-DROP:
This is a pointing device gesture in
which the user selects a virtual object
by “grabbing” it and dragging it to a
different location or onto another
virtual object.
 ASSIGNMENT
1. State 10 operations that can be opened
through “RIGHT CLICK” on a Microsoft power
point.
(10 marks)
2. Using a table, classify and group the
following as either mouse techniques, Screen
pointing devices or Keys on a Keyboard:
Trackball, Right clicking, Touchpad, Page down,
Joystick, Light pen, tab, Caps lock, Drag-and-
Drop, Double clicking. (10 marks)
WILLKOMMEN IN ADVANCE TO
JSS 2.
I LOVE YOU ALL & I WISH YOU
“ALL”
THE SUCCESS, THE BEST AND
EXCELLENCE
IN YOUR FORTH-COMING
3RD TERM EXAMINATION.
(READ ISAIAH 41 VERSES 10 and 13)
 HOLIDAY ASSIGNMENT
1. A. List TWO characteristics of :
i. First Generation Computers
ii. Second Generation Computers
iii. Third Generation Computers
iv. Fourth Generation Computers
v. Fifth Generation Computers (10 marks)

B. Explain the following:

i Expert System (2 marks)
ii Artificial Intelligence (2 marks)
 
2. A. Define the following components of a computer
i. Hardware (2 marks)
ii. Software (2 marks)
iii. Peopleware (2 marks)