PEDAGOGY: A CRITICAL

APPROACH TO TEACHING
Dillip K.Giri (drdillip@gmail.com)
Professor of Education and Director-Accreditation

Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, U.P

 Overview
 What is pedagogy?
 Types of Pedagogy?
 Important components of Pedagogy
 The pedagogy cycle
 Pedagogic Challenges
 Science of Content analysis
 Blooms taxonomy-Cognitive, Affective and Psychomotor
 An Experimental pedagogic model
 Interaction analysis
 NPE-Classification
 But………

 Before we become serious learner………

let us jingle with the immortal lullaby of…Late Jagjit
Singh-
O..Kagaz ki kasthi o…Baris ka Pani
 Are not we refreshed….
 Music, dance, drama, acting and painting along with
all traits related to our aptitude are the foundation of
pedagogic culture over the generation.

and now……..let us become a little nostalgic

Can we forget these golden days of our life?
 A story is the prefect beginning of a mental task

 Teacher-Child
 Child-Parent
 Parent-Teacher
 Parent-Principal
 Let us interact…
 How many of you are agree that, teachers are the
assets of the society….
 Not true
 Only good teachers are asserts and others are
liabilities.
 What is pedagogy?
 The word comes from the Greek root  in which
paidos means "child" and agogos means "lead";
literally translated "to lead the child".
 For some time it was called as the art of teaching and
science of learning.
 Now this is out of date…..The most modern definition
of pedagogy says “ It is a cultural process, to bring out
the all innate abilities and nourish the acquired abilities
of a child through a systematic and planned manner.
 What do we understand by innate &acquired
abilities of a child?

 Innate: Already exist-Aptitude

Aptitude related to visual and performing art,
mathematical, scientific, technological, kinesthetic etc
 Acquired: From the Environment
 Types of pedagogy
 Psycho-Pedagogy
 Cultural Pedagogy
 Group Pedagogy
 Developmental pedagogy
Important components of pedagogy
The Pedagogical Cycle
Pedagogical operation
 Pedagogical challenges
 Related to learner- their characteristics
 Subject/content
 Pedagogue’s own persona
 Content analysis
 Teaching strategies, methods, techniques, technologies and
tactics
 Communication process
 Learning and teaching barriers
 Intervening and extraneous variables- fatigue, pressures
from management and parents
 Science of content analysis
 Behavioral objectives. Ex: Will be able to……..
 Prerequisite learning
 Percentage Teachers activities and students activities
 Teaching methods and techniques
 Instructional innovation
 Evaluation criteria
 Meeting the need of special learners(both gifted and slow
learners or disable one)
 Interactive techniques
 Assessment of learners achievement
 Value loading
Bloom’s taxonomy of Educational objectives- Cognitive domain-

Knowing and reasoning segment

Affective Domain-Feelings and Emotion
Segment
 Psychomotor Domain-Skills
segment
 A pedagogic model experimented in 20 schools in Dehradun, U.K. 2009-2013

 Work on individual differences exist within each learner.

 Design unique communication medium
 Design creative teaching models
 Adjust artificial behavior
 Continue teaching and evaluation side by side
 Compensate the aspiration of learner with multiple
activities
 Priorities the task in hand
 Work on all domains of personality
 Distributions of Teacher Activities and Students Activities

B.O-1 B.O-2 B.O-3 B.O-4 B.O-5

10%Teacher Activities
50%- 40%- 30% 20% Teachers 10% Teacher
Teacher Teacher Activities Teachers Activities 90% Students
Activities
Activities Activities 80% Activities
70% Students
60% Students Activities
50% Students Activities Activities
Students
Activities
Classification of students in a class
 Emerging pedagogy-Co-operative teaching

 Supportive teaching
 Parallel teaching
 Complementary teaching
 Team teaching
 Who is an effective pedagogue?

 Those who are knowledge smart.

 Those who are attitude smart.
 Those who are value smart.
 Let us examine the statement…..

 Our teachers are hired for their Skills but fired for
their attitude.
 The success of teaching profession 80% lie on
attitude and 20% on knowledge and skills
A survey by Pratham in 2013
 The Knowledge Base of Effective Pedagogue

Culturally responsive teachers:

 1. believe all students can achieve and succeed,

 2. build a community of learners,

 3. build connections to families and the community,

 4.are continual learners,

 5. vary instructional methods,

 6.know their students,

 7. are introspective and reflective

 Good pedagogue should have?
 Pedagogical skill to implement teaching strategies…and
pedagogical content knowledge
 Reflective skills to analyze and act of teacher-generated
data
 Communication and collaboration skills to build
relationships
 Management skills to arrange successful learning
environments
 Technological skills
 What an effective pedagogue must have?

 Commitment towards students

 Commitment towards society
 Commitment towards profession
 Commitment towards excellence
 Commitment towards values
Effective Pedagogue Employ These Tools
 What a pedagogue should not have?

 A-Absenteeism
 B-Bossism
 C-Criticism
 D-Dogmatism
 E-Egoism
 F-Favoritism
 G-Grundyism-Flexible enough to new ideas
 The Knowledge Base of Effective pedagogue

Culturally responsive teachers:

 1. believe all students can achieve and succeed,

 2. build a community of learners,

 3. build connections to families and the community

 4.are continual learners,

 5. vary instructional methods,

 6.know their students,

 7. are introspective and reflective

 Pedagogy of questioning
 Focusing and re focusing
 Directing and re directing
 Stimulating thinking
 Understanding critical awareness
 Distribution
 Individual difference
 Communication
 Eye contact
 Reinforcement and feedback
 Emotional intelligence
 Sequence
 simplecomplex, concreteabstract
 A pedagogic model: For lecture session

 Objectives
 Review
 Motivation
 Transition
 Clarification
 Scaffolding
 Examples
 Directions
 Enthusiasm
 Closure
 Pedagogue to use technology in the classroom

 Relevancy
 Reliability
 Validity
 As per mental level of the students
 Mixed with other methods, Interactive techniques
 Proper time
 Avoid Technical jargon
 Proper Feedback and reinforcement
 Pedagogy of stimulus variations

 Gesture
 Posture
 Body language
 Communication
 Intonation
 Repetition of difficult words
 Reinforcement
 Use of hints, cues, examples
 Mixing usual behavior
 Pedagogue to use technology in the classroom

 Relevancy
 Reliability
 Validity
 As per mental level of the students
 Mixed with other methods, Interactive techniques
 Proper time
 Avoid Technical jargon
 Proper Feedback and reinforcement
 Pedagogue to use technology in the classroom

 Relevancy
 Reliability
 Validity
 As per mental level of the students
 Mixed with other methods, Interactive techniques
 Proper time
 Avoid Technical jargon
 Proper Feedback and reinforcement
 Pedagogue to use technology in the classroom

 Relevancy
 Reliability
 Validity
 As per mental level of the students
 Mixed with other methods, Interactive techniques
 Proper time
 Avoid Technical jargon
 Proper Feedback and reinforcement
 Pedagogue to use technology in the classroom

 Relevancy
 Reliability
 Validity
 As per mental level of the students
 Mixed with other methods, Interactive techniques
 Proper time
 Avoid Technical jargon
 Proper Feedback and reinforcement
 Pedagogue to use technology in the classroom

 Relevancy
 Reliability
 Validity
 As per mental level of the students
 Mixed with other methods, Interactive techniques
 Proper time
 Avoid Technical jargon
 Proper Feedback and reinforcement
 Pedagogy of giving reinforcement and
taking feedback

 At appropriate time
 Correct positive reinforcement
 Correct negative reinforcement
 Extra reinforcement
 Degree of Reinforcement
 Managing students feedback
 Post feedback session
 Discussion on the feedback
 A team can only achieve impossible

07/08/23
Thanks indeed