SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY

AND INNOVATION
Topic : International STI Engagement
& STI Governance
With collective efforts of :
Ujjwal Singhal
Dhruv Chopra
Simarjeet Singh
Atul Mishra
Rahul
Saurabh Rajbhar
Himanshu Diwaker
Harsh Aggarwal

Subject : Technology in Management

Subject Teacher : Dr. Monika Sharma
(Assistant Professor)
AGENDA
Introduction​of the topic
Understanding the concept
​Individual Presentation
Summary
​Q&A​
INTERNATIONAL STI ENGAGEMENT? 3

International STI engagement refers to the collaborative efforts and

interactions between countries in the fields of science, technology,
and innovation (STI). It involves the exchange of knowledge, expertise,
resources, and best practices among nations to address global challenges,
promote scientific advancements, and foster innovation.

International STI engagement encompasses various activities, such as:

• Research Collaboration
• Technology Transfer
• Policy Dialogue
• Capacity Building
• International Networks and Organizations
 4

WHY INTERNATIONAL STI ENGAGEMENT REQUIRE?

The goal of international STI engagement are :

• Addressing Global Challenges
• Sharing Scientific Knowledge
• Fostering Innovation
• Avoiding Redundancy and Duplication
• Enhancing Economic Competitiveness

Overall, international STI engagement recognizes the interconnected

nature of scientific progress and the need for collective action to address
global challenges, foster innovation, and promote sustainable
development. By working together, countries can achieve more than
they could individually and create a positive impact on a global scale.
 5

INDIA’S STI ENGAGEMENT INTERNATIONALLY

1. Bilateral and Multilateral Research Collaboration

India has established collaborations with several countries and international organizations to promote
joint research projects. For instance, India and the United States have a long-standing partnership in
science and technology cooperation through initiatives like the Indo-U.S. Science and Technology
Forum. India is also a member of international research collaborations such as the CERN (European
Organization for Nuclear Research) and the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor
(ITER) project.

2. Science and Technology Agreements

India has signed bilateral agreements with multiple countries to enhance cooperation in science,
technology, and innovation. These agreements provide a framework for joint research, exchange of
scientists and researchers, and sharing of scientific knowledge. Examples include the India-Russia
Agreement on Cooperation in Science and Technology, India-Japan Joint Research Cooperation
Agreement, and the India-UK Virtual Joint Centre in Agricultural Nitrogen.
 CONTINUE… 6

3. Technology Transfer and Intellectual Property Rights

India has been actively engaged in technology transfer and intellectual property rights (IPR)
discussions at international forums. India advocates for fair and balanced IPR regimes that foster
innovation while ensuring access to essential technologies. The country has also promoted
technology transfer through initiatives like the Technology Acquisition and Development Fund
(TADF) and the Atal Innovation Mission.

4. Global Initiatives and Partnerships

India actively participates in global initiatives and partnerships related to STI. For instance, India
is a member of the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) STI Cooperation
Working Group, which facilitates collaboration among member countries in areas like energy,
biotechnology, and information technology. India is also involved in the International Solar
Alliance, a global initiative for promoting solar energy deployment.
 CONTINUE… 7

5. Capacity Building and Skill Development

India has been actively engaged in capacity-building efforts in STI, particularly in
developing countries. The Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) program
provides training and capacity-building opportunities for professionals from partner
countries. Additionally, the Department of Science and Technology (DST) of India offers
fellowships, scholarships, and training programs to scientists and researchers from
developing countries.

6. International Conferences and Symposia

India hosts and participates in various international conferences, symposia, and workshops
on science, technology, and innovation. These events provide platforms for knowledge
sharing, networking, and collaboration among scientists, researchers, and policymakers
from around the world.
 INTERNATIONAL BILATERAL, MULTILATERAL AND REGIONAL 8
ENGAGEMENTS

• Enhancing S&T Engagements:

Adopting Tailored Strategies for Bilateral , Multilateral , and

Regional/Neighborhood collaborations .

• Sector- Focused and Mission Oriented Engagements:

Integrating Industry and Academia for Tangible Outcomes and

Global Collaboration.
 9

• Aligning STI Policy With Foreign Policy :

Strengthening Regional and Neighborhood S&T

Engagements through people-to-People Expert
Collaborations .

Harnessing S&T Strength as Soft Power:

India’s Leadership Endeavors in multilateral and Regional

Platforms.
 ENGAGEMENT IN
LARGE S&T INITATIVES
 INTRODUCTION

Large S&T initiatives are complex, multi-year

projects that require the coordinated effort of many
different organizations and individuals. They can be
challenging to manage, but they can also be incredibly
rewarding.
 BENEFITS OF
ENGAGEMENT
1. Access to new technologies and resources. Large S&T
initiatives often involve the development of new technologies
and resources. By engaging in these initiatives, organizations
can gain access to these new technologies and resources, which
can help them to improve their own operations.
2. Improved innovation. Large S&T initiatives can help to foster
innovation. By working on these initiatives, organizations can
develop new ideas and solutions to problems.
3. Enhanced reputation. Engaging in large S&T initiatives can
enhance an organization's reputation. By being seen as a leader
in innovation, organizations can attract new customers,
partners, and employees.
 CHALLENGES OF
ENGAGEMENT
1. Complexity. Large S&T initiatives are complex and
can be difficult to manage. Organizations need to
have a clear understanding of the goals of the
initiative and the roles of all of the participants.
2. Cost. Large S&T initiatives can be expensive.
Organizations need to be prepared to commit
significant resources to these initiatives.
3. Risk. Large S&T initiatives involve risk. There is
always the possibility that the initiative will not be
successful or that it will not achieve its goals.
ENGAGEMENT WITH
DIASPORA
 INTRODUCTION

As for the engagement with Indian diaspora is

concerned, the policy direction is to create a fine
balance between attracting the best talent back home
and creating facilitating channels for the diaspora to
contribute in national development from wherever they
are. Appropriate institutional mechanisms and suitable
opportunities will be created to engage with the Indian
diaspora more effectively.
1. Policy instruments, programmed and schemes will be
developed to attract the best global talent/ skilled human
resource, through Indian diaspora networks and connections.
Additional focus will be given to establishing institutional
mechanisms to retain the skilled human resource, and
eventually, build and expand the domestic capacity.
2. Diaspora organizations and S&T Counsellors will be engaged
in to create a global academic and entrepreneurial network.
Such networks can create avenues for bringing together a
distinguished group of Indian scientists and technocrats
worldwide to participate in high-level consultations for key
priority sectors and technological applications.
PROACTIVE STI
DIPLOMACY
STRATEGY
 WHAT IS STI
DIPLOMACY
STI diplomacy is the use of STI to
achieve foreign policy goals. It can be
used to build relationships with other
countries, promote cooperation on
shared challenges, and advance a
country's economic and security
interests.
WHY IS STI
DIPLOMACY
IMPORTANT?
First, STI is increasingly important for
economic growth and development.
Second, STI can be used to address shared
challenges.
Third, STI can be used to advance a country's
economic and security interests.
 BENEFITS OF A PROACTIVE STI
DIPLOMACY STRATEGY

Building relationships: STI cooperation can help to build trust and

understanding between countries. This can be essential for
resolving disputes and promoting cooperation on other issues.
Promoting economic development: STI cooperation can help to
promote economic development by stimulating innovation,
creating jobs, and attracting investment.
Addressing global challenges: STI cooperation can help to address
global challenges such as climate change, pandemics, and poverty.
This can be done by sharing knowledge and expertise, developing
new technologies, and coordinating efforts.
ELEMENTS OF A PROACTIVE STI
DIPLOMACY STRATEGY

A clear vision: The strategy should have a clear vision for how

STI cooperation can be used to advance national interests.
A set of goals: The strategy should have a set of specific goals
that can be achieved through STI cooperation.
A plan of action: The strategy should include a plan of action for
how the goals will be achieved.
A commitment to cooperation: The strategy should be based on a
commitment to cooperation with other countries.
A focus on results: The strategy should focus on achieving
measurable results.
 23
INTRODUCTION
• Institutional architecture refers to the framework
and structure of organizations, policies, and
processes within a specific system or sector.

• It is designed to establish an effective

governance structure that facilitates
coordination, decision-making, and resource
allocation.
Institutional Architecture for STI
Governance
• A decentralized institutional mechanism balancing
top-down and bottom-up approaches will be
formulated for a robust STI governance.
• This mechanism will focus on ensuring the
autonomy of function for stakeholders
complemented with accountability.
• Best practices in governance mechanisms will be
mapped for cross-learning among relevant
stakeholders.
 Benefits of a Decentralized
Institutional Mechanism

• Enhanced Innovation and Local Relevance

• Efficient Resource Allocation

• Agile Decision-Making and Adaptability

• Stakeholder Engagement and Collaboration

 Challenges of a Decentralized
Institutional Mechanism

• Coordination and cooperation can be difficult

• There is a risk of fragmentation

• It can be difficult to ensure accountability

• There is a risk of duplication of effort

 Conclusion
• A decentralized institutional mechanism can be a
valuable tool for STI governance.
• However, it is important to be aware of the
challenges and to put in place mechanisms to
address them.
• With careful planning and execution, a
decentralized institutional mechanism can help to
create a strong STI ecosystem that drives
economic growth and development.
RESEARCH AND
INNOVATION
GOVERNANCE
ABOUT RESEARCH &
INNOVATION GOVERNANCE

Research and innovation governance

refers to the systems, structures, and
processes put in place to guide and
oversee research and innovation activities
within an organization, institution, or
country.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE OF
RESEARCH AND INNOVATION
GOVERNANCE ARE BELOW:

1. Provide Strategic Direction.

2. Allocate Resource effectively.
3. Ensure ethical and responsible conduct.
4. Monitor and evaluate performance.
CONCLUSION:
The specific structure and components of research
and innovation governance can vary depending on
the context, such as the type of organization or the
country's research and innovation system. Examples
of governance mechanisms include research
councils, advisory committees, ethics review boards,
technology transfer offices, and regulatory agencies.
 STRENGTHENING STI INTERCONNECTEDNESS

To create a strong STI (Science, Technology, and Innovation) collaboration framework that
enhances interconnectedness among stakeholders at the domestic and global levels, the
following pointers can be considered:

Institutional Mechanisms: Develop a framework that outlines institutional mechanisms to

promote effective and outcome-driven collaborations. This includes establishing channels for
communication, coordination, and decision-making among stakeholders.

Common Pool of Resources: Generate a shared pool of resources that collaborating partners
can access and utilize. This can include funding, infrastructure, equipment, data, and expertise.

Inter-Sectoral and Interdisciplinary Collaboration: Encourage collaboration across different

sectors and disciplines to foster innovation. Facilitate inter-ministerial and inter-departmental
linkages to pursue collaborative projects aligned with national priorities. Promote
multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary research by fostering inter-institutional linkages among
academic and research institutes.
Pre-Collaboration Analysis: Conduct a thorough analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, gaps, and opportunities of
respective ministries, departments, and institutions to identify areas where collaborative efforts can address challenges and
achieve desired outcomes.

Social Scientific Responsibility and Patent Pooling: Specify provisions for social scientific responsibility, ensuring that
collaborative efforts adhere to ethical and responsible practices. Consider establishing patent pooling mechanisms to
facilitate the sharing of intellectual property and promote knowledge dissemination.

Multi-Stakeholder Model: Develop a collaborative model that involves government, industry, and academia. Explore
successful models such as Virtual Integrated Platforms, City-based and domain-based clusters, and Government-Owned
Contractor-Operated (GOCO) arrangements. Define research objectives, align priorities, set time frames, and allocate
responsibilities within this model.

Industry-Academia Linkages: Strengthen the relationship between industry and academia by establishing trust-building
pathways. Provide institutional support and incentives to facilitate collaborative research and the translation of academic
research into marketable products or services. Create innovative partnership models to foster collaborations between
academia, start-ups, and MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) for accelerated commercialization at the local
level.

End-User Community Linkages: Develop and strengthen linkages with end-user communities to ensure the last-mile
delivery of STI-led innovations. Foster connections with civil society organizations, NGOs, charitable organizations, and
regional/local bodies. Facilitate public-private-civil society consortia in priority areas to address societal challenges and
Strategic Government-Industry-Academia Partnerships: Establish channels for strategic government departments to
engage in R&D activities with industry and academia. Encourage collaboration in critical areas through flexible
knowledge and talent exchange models. Streamline processes to facilitate hassle-free collaborations and knowledge
transfer.

By implementing these pointers, a robust STI collaboration framework can be created, promoting effective
collaborations, sectoral innovations, and positive outcomes for stakeholders at the domestic and global levels.
 35

SUMMARY
Overall the purpose of our presentation is to simplify
the content of our individual topics so that it become
quite easy to understand and retained the same for
long time.

We really hope that we all are able to add some

knowledge to your dictionary and valuable insights
with the help of our presentation.
THANK YOU
Any questions or feedback?
Email @
harshforwork2@gmail.com