Importance of

PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
in ayurveda

Dept. of Samhita & siddhanta

Pt. kls govt ayurveda institute, bhopal
 PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
It involves studies on

⚫ Raw material, their collection and storage,

⚫ Primary processing, methods of extraction and

formulation, preservation, packaging and storage of finished
products and innovations and interventions in improving the
acceptability and appearance of pharmaceutical products
 CONTENTS
1. IMPORTANCE OF DRAVYA(DRUG) IN AYURVEDA

2. DRUG SOURCES

3. DRUG IDENTIFICATION AND ADVANTAGES

4. METHODS OF DRUG IDENTIFICATION ACCORDING TO AYURVEDA

A)PHYSICALL EXAMINATION B)CHEMICALL EXAMINATION

5. TYPES OF DRUG THERAPHY (EXAMPLES)

6. STAGES AND METHODS OF DRUG RESEARCH

 IMPORTANCE OF DRAVYA(DRUG)
• Ayurveda describes Drug has basic requirement for health along with the treatment of disease

It is one of the pillar to maintain the health

• हेतुलिङ्गौषधज्ञानं स्वस्थातुरपरायणम् । त्रिसूत्रं शाश्वतं पुण्यं बुबुधे यं पितामहः ।।

1. Hetu

2. Linga

3. AUSHADA{DRUG}

 Ayurvedic drugs are describe on 2 basic principles

1.Panchabhautika siddantha

2.Loka purusha saamya siddantha

 CHIKITSA CHATUSHPADA
“भिषग्द्रव्याण्युपस्थाता रोगी पादचतुष्टयम् । गुणवत् कारणं ज्ञेयं विकारव्युपशान्तये ॥”

Bhisak (PHYSICIAN)

DRAVYA(DRUG)

Upasthata (COMPOUNDER)

Rogi (PATIENTS)

Properties of DRAVYA (IDEAL DRUG)

“बहुता तत्र योग्यत्वमनेकविधकल्पना । सम्पच्चेति चतुष्कोऽयं द्रव्याणां गुण उच्यते ||”
 The drug should be suitable for preparing many recipes, possesses many good qualities,
endowed with virtues, and suitable used in different condition of doshas in different
diseases in different persons
 DRUG SOURCES

 PLANT (OUDBIDHA)

VANASPATI
VAANASPATI
VIRUDHA
OUSHADHI

 ANIMAL - JANGAMA

JARAYUJA

ANDAJA

UDBHIJA

SWEDAJA

 MINERAL - PARTHIVA

DATHU AND ADATHU

Methods of
Drug Identification
Acharya Chakrapani emphasized on two methods of drug identification

“रस्तः स्वरूपज्ञानं भेषज द्रव्यस्थ द्रव्यलिङ्गज्ञानं”

1.Swaroop gyan
2.
 PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

it is done according to

⚫ Botanical name- External appearance, part used, wet (or) dry etc...
⚫ Nomenclature- Local, English (or) Sanskrit

Geographical sites & collection method.

Morphological examination

1. Tvak- Colour, surface

2. Patra- Colour, texture

3. Moola-Colour, shape, specific identification (black dots- Ativisha}

4. Pushpa- Colour, shape

5. Phala-Ripe(or) unripe, seed arrangement

6.Beeja- Shape, colour

7. Gandha-Odour

8. Sparsha-Texture

9. Rasa-Taste
 CLINICAL EXAMINATION

Drug as a single formulation is to be explained for its pharmacological action in the body

⚫ THE BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOR CLINICAL EXAMINATION:

1. Type of administration-Anupana

2. Indication-Drug used in particular disease (Brahmi-Brain Tonic 3. In whom-Though toxic drug purified but then
also it cautiously used

in pregnant, lactating women , children

4. Action type-

Samshodhan- Madanaphala in Vamana

Samshamana- Guduchi in Jwara

Srotas- Pushkaramoola in Respiratory system disorders

5. Pharmacology-action of drug on various diseases in different doses (or) Routes (or) Forms

6. Veerya, Vipaka, Prabhava


TYPES OF DRUG THERAPHY

⚫ Single drug-on single disease - Nimba - Kushta

⚫ Single drug in many disease - Guduchi-Prameha, Pandu,

⚫ Formulated drug - on single disease - Sitopaladi Choorna in kasa

 Preventive therapy

Rasayana old age

 Prophylactic therapy

Chandanaadi taila in jwara

 Stages of research

1. LITERARY STUDY

Folk lore

Tribal practice

Scriptures & book

2.TRADITIONAL

Collection of specimen

Field research & survey

Identification & classification of drugs

Plant habits & Epidimiological study

Standardization of drugs
 TESTING OF DRUG

Collection of specimen
Field research & survey

Identification & classification of drugs

Plant habits & Epidimiological study

Standardization of drugs

Physical testing

Chemical testing

Phytochemistry

Microscopic study
Active principles Contents, extracts. essential oils etc
 THE STORY OF GUGGULU

⚫ The story of Guggulu illustrates how Ayurvedic principles if correctly interpreted and applied can yield useful drugs

⚫ Dr.G.V.Satyavathi, former director of ICMR along with her guide Dr.C.Dwarakanath, found a strong analogy between
the ancient concepts of Medhoroga and the modern views Atherosclerosis

⚫ Inspired by a sloka from the Susrutha Samhita, which described the effects of Guggulu in medoroga, they screened it
for its ability to reduce cholestrol and scored a success

⚫ The devolopment of the drug Guggulu as an allopathic medicine took almost two decades. It is available as
GUGGULIP manufactured by cipla company

What is striking is that the drug was prepared in the same way as described in ayurveda using modern equipment

⚫ In ayurvedic practice, the drug has to be purified by tying the resin obtained from commiphora mukul in a muslin cloth
and then immersing in plain or medicated boiling water

The soluble portion sweeps out and the extract is obtained after evaporation

⚫ Ayurveda's insistence on boiling the gum guggulu to isolate the active portion is validated by modern techinique of
extraction

⚫ Two fractions can be seperated from guggulu after boiling,one that is insoluble and toxic and the other that is soluble
and active
Thus Ayurveda adopted time tested safety devices and practices to screen ineffective or
toxic remedies

⚫This is one of the reasons why many senior scientists have advocated undertaking of
direct clinical studies without preliminary screening for animal or human toxicity

However, what we should not forget is that is only true, when rules of Ayurveda are
followed, not only with respect to choice of drug but also for preparation of the drug, its
combination with other drugs, associated dietry restrictions etc..
 NEED OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEACH

“यथा विषं यथा शस्त्रं यथाऽग्निरशनिर्यथा । तथैौषधमविज्ञातं विज्ञातममृतं यथा ||”

“तदेव युक्तं भैषज्यं यदारोग्याय कल्पते । स चैव भिषजां श्रेष्ठो रोगेभ्यो यः प्रमोचयेत् ।।”
Thank you