CONSTRUCTION OF A THREE PHASE ELECTRIC MOTOR

PHASE FAILURE PROTECTION

BY

BUKHARI UMAR BELLO

CET/NDEEE/2019/028
UMARU MATUDI
CET/NDEEE/2019/080
MOHAMMED USMAN
CET/NDEEE/2019/119
VICTOR IKENNA ONWUDI
CET/NDEEE/2019/122
MUSA USMAN
CET/NDEEE/2019/170

SUPERVISED BY

HAMMAN ADAMA A. SAMBO

OCTOBER, 2021.
 INTRODUCTION
 Three phase motors are widely used in industries

 The protection of electric motor from phase failure plays an important role in
its long-life service. (Kersting, 2012)

 3-phases motor needs protection against variation of input supply from phase
failure (single phasing) and overheating from temperature. (Sutherland, 2015)

 Due to the poor power quality damage of 3-phase induction motor in small
scale and big industries need to the taken care of and the overall cost of
protection equipment should not be more than 15% of the total cost of the
machine
 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The problem of single phasing and overheating of a three-phase induction
motor has been a big problem in the industrial sector. Therefore, the need
to provide adequate monitoring and protection become vital, so this
research is aimed at making a possible solution to this problem.
 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
 The aim of the work is to construct a cheap and reliable protection system
for 3-phase motor, the protection system should protect the motor from single
phasing and overheating (temperature rise) 

 The main objective of this project work is to conceive a phase failure

detection circuit/unit
 To interface the motor windings with isolation contactors
 To interface the phase failure unit with the motor isolation unit
 To test the three phase motor protection unit
 LITERATURE REVIEW
 If the single phasing occur at motor terminal the losses increase only twice as compare to steady
state losses and the shaft power output reduces to nearly by 70% to protect the motor all the
terminal should be open. (Williams, 2010)

 On the average single phase fault occur at 70% two phase fault occurs at 20% and at 3-phase
occurrence is 10%. (Sutherland, 2015)

 Faragand et al (2017) examined the 3-phase induction motor under the influence of under voltage
and over voltage, that imbalance lead to Power loss

 Javed. and Izhar (2019) proposed the protection of 3-phase induction motor based on voltage
measurement

 Ching-yinclee, (2019) analyzed the stator of 3-phase induction motor by using

different techniques. The single phasing can also be measured by using zero crossing detection
method and has proposed to use 8085 microprocessor for closing this work
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM

 
 SCHEMATIC
LCD1
LM016L

VDD
VSS

VEE

RW
RS

D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
E
1
2
3

4
5
6

7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

U1
42%

RV1 2
3
RA0/AN0/C12IN0-/C2OUT/SRNQ/SS/VCAP/SEG12 RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI/P2B
15
16 R Y B
RA1/AN1/C12IN1-/SEG7 RC1/T1OSI/CCP2/P2A
1k 4 17
RA2/AN2/C2IN+/VREF-/DACOUT/COM2 RC2/CCP1/P1A/SEG3
5 18
RA3/AN3/C1IN+/VREF+/SEG15 RC3/SCK/SCL/SEG6
6 23
RA4/C1OUT/CPS6/T0CKI/SRQ/SEG4 RC4/SDI/SDA/T1G/SEG11
7 24
1 U2 14
RA5/AN4/C2OUT/CPS7/SRNQ/SS/VCAP/SEG5 RC5/SDO/SEG10
25
RA6/OSC2/CLKOUT/VCAP/SEG1 RC6/TX/CK/SEG9
13 26
RA7/OSC1/CLKIN/SEG2 RC7/RX/DT/SEG8
33 19
30.0 RB0/AN12/CPS0/SRI/INT/SEG0 RD0/CPS8/COM3
34 20
RB1/AN10/C12IN3-/CPS1/VLCD1 RD1/CPS9/CCP4
35 21
RB2/AN8/CPS2/VLCD2 RD2/CPS10/P2B
2 36 22
LM35
VOUT RV2 37
RB3/AN9/C12IN2-/CPS3/CCP2/P2A/VLCD3 RD3/CPS11/P2C/SEG16
27
RB4/AN11/CPS4/COM0 RD4/CPS12/P2D/SEG17
38 28
RB5/AN13/CPS5/CCP3/P3A/T1G/COM1 RD5/CPS13/P1B/SEG18
39 29
RB6/ICSPCLK/ICDCLK/SEG14 RD6/CPS14/P1C/SEG19
3 40 30
100%

RB7/ICSPDAT/ICDDAT/SEG13 RD7/CPS15/P1D/SEG20

RE0/AN5/P3A/CCP3/SEG21
8 R1 R2 R3
9 10k 10k 10k
RE1/AN6/P3B/SEG22
1k 10
RE2/AN7/CCP5/SEG23
1
RE3/MCLR/Vpp
PIC16F1939

CUT-OUT (TO SOME DEACTIVATING / REACTIVATING CIRCUIT)

 
 EXPECTED RESULTS
1. It is expected that whenever any of the
phases is lost, the isolation contactors will
become active
2. It is expected that the status of the actions
like input indication, overload indication will
be observable on the provided indicators.
3. It is expected that the three phase motor
connected to the circuit will be protected
from the damaging effect of phase failure.
 REFERENCES
[1] Ching-yinclee, F. (2019). Effects of imbalance voltage on the operations performance of three phases induction motor. IEEE transactions on energy

conversion vol14 No 2, pp 202-208, June 2019

[2] Faragand, W., Kamel, G. and Suru, D (2017). Micro processor based protection system for three-phase induction motors. Gectr. Mech Power system Vol. 27

pp453-464., 2017

[3] Javed A. and 12har T. (2019). An improved method for the detection phase failure faults in poly phase induction machines. third international conference

on electrical engineering 2009 ICEE 09 pp 1-6, 9-11 April 2019 Cahore.

[4] Kersting, W. (2012). Causes and effects of single phasing on induction motors. IEEE transactions on industry appreciations. Vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 1499-1505,

Dec. 2005

[5] Williams, K. (2015). Causes and effects of single phasing on induction motors.  IEEE transactions on industry appreciations. Vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 1499-1505,

Dec. 2005

[6] Sutherland, P. and Short, T. (2015). Effect of single phase reclosing on industrial loads. Industry appreciation conference, 2015, 41st annual meeting

conference record of the 2006 IEEE Vol. 5 pp 2636-2644, 8-12 Oct 2006 Tampaa.
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