Wireless Broadband Planning & Design

LTE Coverage & Capacity

Dimensioning
Modul 4

1
Outline
 Frequency Bands and Typical deployment areas
 Layer 1 Peak Bit Rates
 Terminal Categories
 Reference Sensitivity
 Link Budgets
 Propagation model
 Uplink link budget
 Downlink link budgets
 Comparison between GSM/HSPA/LTE
 Latency
 LTE Refarming to GSM Spectrum

2
Introduction
 Performance evaluation : LTE capabilities from the end user’s and
from the operator’s point of view
 The operator is interested in the network efficiency:
 how many customers can be served,
 how much data can be provided and how many base station sites are required.
 The end user application performance depends on :
 available bit rate,
 latency and
 seamless mobility

Page 3
Layer 1 Data Rate

Page 4
Layer 1 Data Rate - Downlink

Page 5
Layer 1 Data Rate - Uplink

Page 6
Terminal Category

Page 7
Receiver Sensitivity

Page 8
Receiver Sensitivity

Page 9
Data Rate Range

Page 10
Link Budget - Radiowave Propagation
 A propagation model describes the average signal
propagation, and it p p g , converts the maximum
allowed propagation loss to the maximum cell range.
 It depends on:
– Environment : urban, rural, dense urban, suburban, open, forest,
sea…
– Distance
– Frequency
– atmospheric conditions
– Indoor/outdoor
 Examples : Free space, Walfish–Ikegami, Okumura–
Hata,Longley–Rice, Lee, Young

Page 11
Radiowave Propagation

Page 12
Page 13
Uplink- Link Budget

Page 14
Uplink Parameter – Link Budget

Page 15
Uplink Parameter – Link Budget

Page 16
Uplink Parameter – Link Budget

Page 17
Downlink Parameter – Link Budget

Page 18
Downlink Parameter – Link Budget

Page 19
Downlink Parameter – Link Budget

Page 20
MPL Comparisons

Page 21
Link budgets Comparison GSM/HSPA/LTE
 The LTE link budget in downlink has several similarities with HSPA and the
maximum path loss is similar.
 The uplink part has some differences: smaller interference margin in LTE,
no macro diversity gain in LTE and no fast fading margin in LTE.
 The link budgets show that LTE can be deployed using existing GSM and
HSPA sites assuming that the same frequency is used for LTE as for GSM
and HSPA.
 LTE itself does not provide any major boost in the coverage. That is
because the transmission power levels and the RF noise figures are also
similar in GSM and HSPA technologies, and the link performance at low
data rates is not much different in LTE than in HSPA.
 The link budget was calculated for 64 kbps uplink, which is likely not a high
enough data rate for true broadband service. If we want to guarantee higher
data rates in LTE, we may need low frequency deployment, additional sites,
active antenna solutions or local area solutions.

Page 22
Cell Ranges Comparisons

Page 23
900 MHz vs. 2600 MHz

Page 24
Latency Delay Budget

Page 25
LTE Refarming to GSM Spectrum
 LTE could be deployed in the
existing GSM spectrum like
900 MHz or 1800 MHz.
 The flexible LTE bandwidth
makes refarming easier than
with WCDMA because LTE
can start with 1.4 MHz or 3.0
MHz bandwidths and then
grow later
 when the GSM traffic has
decreased.

Page 26
Interference coordination

Page 27
Sub-channel Strategy

Pedge Group 1
Group 4 Sector A
Gorup 2 Group 3

Group 2
Group 4 Sector B
Pinner1 Gorup 1 Group 3

Group 3
Pinner2 Group 4 Sector c
Group 1 Gorup 2

Reuse factor 1/3 region Reuse factor 1 region

Total bandwidth Page 28 Flexible

Dimensioning Capacity ‐ Traffic volume based approach

Page 29
Dimensioning Capacity ‐ Data rate based approach

Page 30
Wireless Broadband Planning & Design

End of Section 4

LTE Coverage & Capacity

Dimensioning