HALF AND FULL ADDER

Under Guidance of : By :
Dr. Monika Tulsyan Keshav Kumar
Prof. Pinki Banerjee 20/EC-40
Manish Kumar Sharma
20/EC-301
 INTRODUCTION:

Half Adder

The Half-Adder is a basic building block of adding two numbers as
two inputs and produce out two outputs. The adder is used to perform
OR operation of two single bit binary numbers.
The augent and addent bits are two input states, and 'carry'
and 'sum 'are two output states of the half adder.
CIRCUIT DESIGN:
 ESTIMATING OF MATERIALS:

BreadBoard

7408 (AND Gate IC)

7486 (XOR Gate IC)

Jumper Wire

10 kilo Ohm resistor

220 Ohm resistor

LED

Push Button

9 Volt Battey
CALCULATION OF COST OF MATERIALS:
s/no. Components Name Quantity Price
1 BreadBoard 1 80
2 7408 AND IC 1 40
3 7486 XOR IC 1 40
4 Jumper Wire 10 20
5 10 kilo Ohm resistor 2 5
6 220 Ohm resistor 2 5
7 LED 2 10
8 Push button 2 10
9 9 Volt battery 1 20
 OPERATION TIME ESTIMATION:

The operation time of a half or full adder depends on the speed
of the electronic components used, such as the ICs and gates.
It is typically measured in terms of propagation delay, which is
the time taken for the output to stabilize after a change in the
inputs. The propagation delay can be estimated based on the
datasheets provided by the component manufacturers.
 COST OF OPERATION:

The cost of operating a half or full adder primarily involves the
cost of supplying power to the circuit. This cost can be
estimated by considering the power consumption of the
components and the electricity rate charged by the utility
provider.
 Process of
Manufacture/Assembly/Fabrication:

The manufacture or fabrication process for half and full adders involves the
following general steps:

1 Designing the circuit using a computer-aided design (CAD) software.

2 Prototyping the circuit on a breadboard or a printed circuit board (PCB) to test its
functionality.
3 If the prototype is successful, the circuit can be further miniaturized and manufactured
as an integrated circuit (IC) using semiconductor fabrication techniques.
4 The IC can be packaged and assembled into a chip or module for easy integration
into larger electronic systems.
 List of Tools/Equipment Used with Specifications:

The specific tools and equipment used in the construction of half and full
adders can vary depending on the implementation approach. Here is a
general list of tools/equipment:

1 Computer-aided design (CAD) software for circuit design.

2 Breadboard or printed circuit board (PCB) for prototyping.
3 Soldering iron and solder for circuit assembly.
4 Digital multimeter for testing and troubleshooting.
5 Power supply for providing power to the circuit during testing.
 Full Adder
Introduction
• The half adder is used to add only two numbers. To overcome this
problem, the full adder was developed. The full adder is used to add
three 1-bit binary numbers A, B, and carry C.
The full adder has three input states and two output states i.e., sum
and carry.
 ESTIMATING OF MATERIALS:

BreadBoard

7408 (AND Gate IC)

7486 (XOR Gate IC)

7432 (Or Gate IC)

Jumper Wire

10 kilo Ohm resistor

220 Ohm resistor

LED

Push Button

9 Volt Battey
CALCULATION OF COST OF MATERIALS:
s/no. Components Name Quantity Price
1 BreadBoard 1 80
2 7408 AND IC 1 40
3 7486 XOR IC 1 40
4 7432 OR IC 1 40
5 Jumper Wire 10 20
6 10 kilo Ohm resistor 3 5
7 220 Ohm resistor 2 5
8 LED 2 10
9 Push button 3 10
10 9 Volt battery 1 20
CIRCUIT DESIGN: