 A brain tumor, known as an intracranial tumor, is an abnormal mass of tissue in

which cells grow and multiply uncontrollably.

 The two main groups of brain tumors are termed primary and metastatic.
 Primary tumors are categorized as glial or non glial & benign or malignant.
 Meningioma are the most common benign intracranial tumors (originate from the
meningens), Glioma are the most prevalent type of adult brain tumor (78% of
malignant brain tumors).
 Although specific etiologic factors are largely unknown : age, sex, environmental
exposures (radiation, electromagnetic fields, petroleum products, pesticides,
alcohol, cigarette, medical conditions, reproductive and hormonal factors, viruses
and other infectious agents, famillial and genetic associations)
Oncology Times 40(2):1,6-7, January 20, 2018.
 Louis DN, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, Cavenee WK (2016) World
Health Organization Histological Classification of Tumours of
the Central Nervous System. International Agency for Research
  Primary or metastatic brain tumors can present with focal or generalized
symptoms and/or clininical findings depending on the localization of the
lession.

53%

25% 18%

Seizure 38%

7%
4.7%
25%
60% 6%
S » Systemic symptoms
Secondary risk factors

N » Neurologic symptoms or abnormal signs

O » Sudden, abrupt or progessively worsening

O » Middle-age > 50

P » First headache or different

T » Triggered : Valsava, exertion

 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Computed tomography (CT) brain
with contrast is the most common and preferred diagnostic modalities for
detecting suspected brain tumors, can localize and evaluate edema, hemorrhage
and hydrocephalus.
 Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is used to examine the tumor’s
chemical profile and determine the nature of the lesions.

Histopathologic examinatons : Gold Standard

 Symptomatic treatment : Analgetic, Antiepileptic drugs, etc.
 Etiology : Surgery, Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy, Targeted agents.
 Palliative care