EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS

LEARNING TASKS:

 Describe the occurrence of Earthquake

 Identify various potential earthquake hazards
 Discuss the effects of different earthquake hazards
VIDEO CLIP ANALYSIS

Earthquake and Its Hazards AVP.mp4

 WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE?

 (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the perceptible

shaking of the surface of the Earth, resulting from the sudden
release of energy in the Earth’s crust that creates seismic
waves (US Geological Science, nd).
 Click icon to add picture

SEISMIC MAP OF
THE PHILIPPINES
 Click icon to add picture

SEISMIC MAP OF
REGION VI (WESTERN
VISAYAS)
 Click icon to add picture

ACTIVE FAULTS &

TRENCHES IN THE
PHILIPPINES
POTENTIAL EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS

 Ground Shaking or Ground Motion

 Ground or Surface Rupture
 Liquefaction
 Earthquake-induced ground subsidence and lateral spreading
 Tsunami
 Earthquake-induced Landslides
 WHAT IS GROUND SHAKING?

 Ground shaking is a term used to

describe the vibration of the
ground during an earthquake.
Ground shaking is caused by body
waves and surface waves. As a
generalization, the severity of ground
shaking increases as magnitude
increases and decreases as distance
from the causative fault increases.
 WHAT IS SURFACE RUPTURE?

 Surfacerupture
occurs when movement
on a fault deep within the
earth breaks through to
the surface.
WHAT IS LIQUEFACTION?

 Liquefactionis defined as the

transformation of a granular
material from a solid to a
liquefied state as a
consequence of increased
pore-water pressure and
reduced effective stress.
 Earthquake-induced ground subsidence and
lateral spreading

 Subsidence may occur as the result of either

natural or human-caused events.
Earthquakes are commonly associated with
subsidence. When two blocks of the
earth's crust slide against each other,
causing an earthquake, ground
movement may occur, raising or lowering
the ground surface.
 Lateralspreading is caused by the
accumulation of incremental
displacements that develop within
liquefied soil under cyclic loading.
 WHAT IS TSUNAMI?

 A tsunami is a series of extremely

long waves caused by a large and
sudden displacement of the
ocean, usually the result of an
earthquake below or near the
ocean floor. This force creates
waves that radiate outward in all
directions away from their source,
sometimes crossing entire ocean
basins.
 Earthquake-induced Landslides

 When an earthquake occurs, the transmission

of seismic waves can cause shaking and
vibration of ground surface. This often trigger
the collapse of potential landslide areas,
which is known as earthquake-induced
landslide. According to the statistical data of
landslides triggered by severe earthquakes in
the past, a number of factors can affect the
results and scale of landslides, such as the
nature of earthquake (triggering factors) and
the geographical, hydrological and
meteorological conditions of landslide
location (potential factors).
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT EARTHQUAKE
HAZARDS

 Destruction to properties/infrastructure
 Death
 Extensive devastation
 Deformation of land portion affected by
earthquake
What to Do Before, During and After an
Earthquake?

BEFORE
What to Do Before, During and After an
Earthquake?

DURING
What to Do Before, During and After an
Earthquake?

AFTER
THANK YOU!!